中考常考不可数名词(中考重点名词可数名词)(1)

名词是表示人或事物的名称的词。如:teacher,boy,book,elephant,people,water,China,Lily,Fuzhou ...

1.名词的分类

中考常考不可数名词(中考重点名词可数名词)(2)

2.可数名词

(1).能用具体数字来计数的名词是可数名词。

也就是可数名词前能用a,an以及one,two,tree....等具体数词。

如:a boy, five boys , an apple, two apples, one teacher, ten teachers ...

(2).可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数可数名词可与a,an,one连用。

中考常考不可数名词(中考重点名词可数名词)(3)

指一个人或事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时,用复数形式。

3.不可数名词

(1).不能用具体数字计数的名词是不可数名词。

(2).不可数名词没有单复数之分(即没有词形的变化),且不能与a,an,one,two,tree

等具体数词直接连用。

切忌犯以下错误: a juice, two water, a bread, four bread ...

(3).不可数名词前可加上some, any, much, no,little (很少),a lot of,lots of,

a little(一点儿),plenty of等。

(4).不可数名词需要计数时(即表示不可数名词具体的数量时),要用到单位词或数量

词加of结构,即“数词/冠词 量词 of 不可数名词”结构来表示。量词可

以是单数或复数。

a cup of tea一杯茶; two cups of tea 两杯茶;

a glass of juice 一杯果汁; three glasses of juice三杯果汁;

a bag of rice 一袋大米; four bags of rice四袋大米;

a kilo of chicken一公斤鸡肉; five kilos of chicken五公斤鸡肉;

a bottle of water一瓶水; ten bottles of water.十瓶水;

a box of milk一盒牛奶; six boxes of milk六盒牛奶;

注意:可数名词也可以用“数词/冠词 量词 of 可数名词复数”结构来表

示数量。

a box of apples一箱苹果; three boxes of apples三箱苹果;

a pair of shoes一双鞋; two pairs of shoes两双鞋;

a kilo of bananas 一公斤香蕉;five kilos of bananas 五公斤香蕉;

4.可数名词由单数变为复数的基本规则

(1).规则变化

1)一般情况下,在词尾加s :map—maps;book—books;bag—bags; car—cars

2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加es :bus—buses;box—boxes; class—classes

glass(玻璃杯)—glasses; watch(手表)—watches brush(刷子)—brushes

3)以辅音字母 y结尾,变y为i 再加es:family(家庭)—families;story—stories

city—cities;baby—babies

4)以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加es:

half(一半)—halves; knife(小刀)—knives

life(生活,生命)─ lives wife(妻子)—wives

shelf(架子)—shelves leaf(叶子)—leaves

5)特殊情况:potato—potatoes; tomato—tomatoes hero(英雄)—heroes

(2).不规则变化

1)单复同形:sheep(绵羊)—sheep

fish(鱼)表示条数—fish →表示种类时,复数形式为fishes

Chinese(中国人)—Chinese;Japanese(日本人)—Japanese

2)特殊变化:man—men woman—women foot(脚)—feet

child(孩子/儿童)—children;tooth(牙齿)—teeth

goose(鹅)—geese mouse(老鼠)—mice

3)合成名词(复合名词)的复数:

English(所有英国人) French(所有法国人) police(所有警察)

policeman—policemen policewoman—policewomen fisherman--fishermen

Englishman—Englishmen Englishwoman—Englishwomen postman--postmen

Frenchman—Frenchmen Frenchwoman—Frenchwomen

(注意:American—Americans German—Germans Australian—Australians)

注意:

  1. 以下可数名词常以复数形式出现:noodles面条,vegetables蔬菜,dumplings饺子,

pants =trousers裤子, shoes鞋, gloves手套, glasses 眼镜, jeans牛仔裤

scissors剪刀, sunglasses 太阳眼镜, clothes衣服, boots长筒靴

socks短袜, shorts短裤, stockings长袜, chopsticks筷子 ...

2.集合名词本身就是复数形式:people(人/人们),family(全家人),

class(全班人),clothes(衣服),police(警察) ...

3.food泛指食物、食品时,是不可数名词;表示某种可吃的食物时(食物种类),是可数名词。fruit作水果总称时,是不可数名词;指水果种类时为可数名词。

Sichuan food and Guangdong food are very delicious.

Sichuan food is very different from our food.

We'll prepare many delicious foods.

He likes eating apples,pears and other fruits.

My friends buy some food and fruit for me.

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