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每日听力内容来自BBC英语六分钟，英式英语，每日更新，和实际生活密切相关。每个听力文件6分钟，而且每次都有听力题目，可以用来备考四六级等各种英语考试考试。
听力方法：1. 听3-5遍以上，2. 对照文本听2遍，并查5-10个单词 3. 盲听5遍以上。4. 留言处写下问题的答案。
6 Minute English - Multiple Careers
In this programme, Dan and Neil discuss the trend for having more than one career. They also teach you six items of useful vocabulary. (Image: Getty)
This week's question:
If the surname Baker was originally given to people who worked as bakers, what about those with the surname Bond, as in James Bond? Were they:
a) Farmers
b) Spies
c) Guards
Listen to the programme to find out the answer.
Transcript
This is not a word for word transcript
Neil
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English – the programme where we bring you an interesting topic and six items of vocabulary. I’m Neil. Today we’re talking about jobs.
Dan
And I’m Dan. And specifically, we’re looking at the trend for having more than one job…
Neil
Yes. On that note – Dan, were you ever asked this question as a kid? “What do you want to be when you grow up?” Do you remember your answer?
Dan
I wanted to be a ninja turtle. And you?
Neil
That doesn’t surprise me. I think I wanted to be a professional footballer. I wanted to play for England. Well, for many people, that question gets harder the older they become! It’s one reason why more and more people have what we call portfolio careers these days – so they can do a bit of everything.
Dan
A portfolio, as a noun, means 'a case for carrying large pictures – or it can mean the collection of pictures themselves. But we also use it as an adjective to describe groups of certain things – in this case, careers.
Neil
Indeed, we could say someone who is a part-time teacher and a part-time musician has a portfoliocareer.
Dan
Sounds like a good combination. First, let’s do today’s question – it’s job-related. Many surnames in English originally come from professions. The surname Baker, for example, was originally given to people who worked as… bakers! What about the surname Bond, as in double-oh-seven, James Bond? Who had this surname? Was it?
a) Farmers
b) Spies
c) Guards
Neil
It can’t be spies, can it? So I’m going to guess guards. C.
Dan
Great, well let’s find out at the end of the programme.
Neil
Now, the portfoliocareer. Emily Wapnick is the Canadian author of a book called How to Be Everything: A Guide for Those Who (Still) Don’t Know What They Want to Be When They Grow Up.
Dan
Which specific example of a portfoliocareer does she mention?
INSERT
Emily Wapnick, Author
More and more people are doing multiple things and multiple jobs - and it’s not just to make ends meet. A lot of people are choosing this kind of lifestyle. They’ve got, you know, three different businesses that are just thriving. Or they’re aserialentrepreneur. Or they’ve got a career in two different areas. There’s a guy that I mention who is a psychotherapist and a luthier – he makes violins - and he’s very successful in both.
Neil
Emily is clearly a fan of this kind of working. She says she knows a man who’s both a psychotherapist and a luthier – someone who makes violins.
Dan
She says this trend is more than just about working to make ends meet– in other words, working to make enough money to live. And she used another interesting expression – aserialentrepreneur– what’s that exactly?
Neil
Well, an entrepreneuris someone who starts and runs businesses – and the use ofserialhere as an adjective describes someone who does the same thing again and again. Though we should say, the adjective is more often used for criminal activity – such as aserialkillerorserialmurderer.
Dan
Not the kind of portfoliocareer I had in mind. Aserial entrepreneur, on the other hand, starts and runs business after business.
Neil
Another thing, because Emily believes the world of work is changing fast – it’s sensible to be able to do more than one thing. In other words, it’s wise to add another string to your bow.
Dan
A great phrase, which really just means 'to learn new skills you can use in the future'. I’d like to learn Japanese – that would add another string to my bow.
Neil
So desu, ne? But choosing a portfoliocareer is not for everyone, of course. It often simply comes down to money.
Dan
Here’s Charles Handy, writer and philosopher, and the man who popularised the term portfolio careerin the first place.
INSERT
Charles Handy, writer
80% of the people in corporatejobs hate them, or are dissatisfied with them. Whereas if you’re doing your own thing, 80% of them really like the freedom and the entrepreneurial spirit, even if they’re not making an awful lot of money. It’s a balancing job really, you’re free but you’re poor. Or you’re slaved but you’re richer.
Neil
Sounds like a difficult choice – be poor or be a slave. What would you choose, Dan?
Dan
I’d rather be poor and free, thank you very much.
Neil
Well, let’s explain a term he used – a corporatejob. What doescorporatemean?
Dan
Quite literally, it’s the adjective from the term corporation - a corporatejob is a job at a big corporation, company or organisation – usually well paid, and with certain benefits.
Neil
Could we say James Bond has a corporatecareer?
Dan
Yes, I guess so! And thank you for reminding me to answer today’s question: which profession does the surname Bond come from?
Neil
And I said the Bonds were guards.
Dan
I’m afraid you were wrong. Bonds were originally peasant farmers who were bound to work for a particular lord. This word goes back over 1,000 years… the spying game came much later!
Neil
Indeed! Let’s spy today’s words once more. We had portfolio– which can be used in different ways. There’s aportfoliocareer, as well as the original meaning of aportfolioof art. Any others?
Dan
Yes, people talk about a portfolioof investments – when you invest in several companies at once to reduce the risk.
Neil
Talking of money, we had to make ends meet. People often work a number of different part-time jobs tomake ends meet – to make enough money to live on.
Dan
Though having a lot of part-time jobs is not the same as being a serial entrepreneur.Serialmeans doing something repeatedly, usually a crime!
Neil
And an entrepreneuris someone who starts and runs businesses.
Dan
I’d love to start a business… First, I need to learn a new skill - add another string to my bowand learn yoga. Then maybe one day I’ll run a yoga business.
Neil
Not for me though, I prefer the corporatelife – a secure job in a big corporation!
Dan
OK, but then you can come to my yoga classes after work!
Neil
Alright.
Dan
And that's the end of today's 6 Minute English. Please join us again soon.
Neil
And we are on social media of course. Make sure to visit our Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube pages.
Both
Bye!
Vocabulary
portfolio
a group or collection of things
make ends meet
make enough money to live
serial
used to describe a repeated act, especially a criminal act
entrepreneur
someone who starts and runs businesses
add another string to my bow
learn a new skill
corporate
relating to a large company
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