名词
概念：表示人、物品、地点、情感、抽象概念等名称的词
分类：
普通名词 pen teacher water
专有名词 Beijing China July Sunday the Sun
可数名词 apple teacher boy car
抽象名词 advice information news price happiness
不可数名词 液体 water milk tea coffee juice
材料 metal glass wood paper
meat bread rice
可数名词变复数
一般 加s
二般 以s, x, ch, sh结尾，加es
三般 以辅音字母 y结尾，变y为i再加es
四般 以f/fe结尾，变f/fe为v再加es.
妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；
躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
wife knife wolf thief shelf self life half leaf
以O结尾事真多
英雄喜欢吃土豆、 西红柿和芒果
heroes potatoes tomatoes mangoes
特殊变化要注意
man woman child mouse policeman
men women children mice policemen
特中之特，单复同形
fish deer sheep
fish deer sheep
合成复数有玄机
lemon tree toy shop computer game
lemon trees toy shops computer games
man doctor woman teacher
men doctors women teachers
国人复数不难记
中日人民一致的，英法联军a改e，
其他国人加s， 重点提防德国人。
Chinese→Chinese Japanese→Japanese
Englishman→Englishmen Frenchman→Frenchmen
American→Americans German→Germans
不可数名词量的表达
a piece of paper a cup of tea a bar of chocolate a loaf of bread a pound of meat
名词所有格
有生命的名词： 一般加's
以s结尾的复数加'
无生命的名词： 名词 of 名词
请点击此处输入图片描述
人称代词
主格 I we you he she it they
宾格 me us you him her it them
动词和介词后人称代词用宾格
Give me some water.
Tell him the news.
This pretty dog is for me.
I often write to him.
物主代词
形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their
名词性物主代词 mine ours yours his hers its theirs
This is my bike.Our English teacher is Miss Xia.
This is mine. Theirs is Mr Wang.
反身代词
myself ourselves yourself yourselves
himself herself itself themselves
Help yourself to some fish.
Make yourself at home.
He teaches himself Japanese.
不定代词
some any
some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句
但若想让别人作肯定回答时疑问句常常用some
常用于这两个句型：
Would you like to have some coke?
What about some fish?
两对双胞胎
little a little 修饰不可数名词
a little 表示一点儿，虽少但有，表肯定意义
e.g. Mom, I'm thirsty.
There is a little water in the bottle.
little 表示少得快没了，表否定意义
e.g. Jack, go and get some milk. There is little in the fridge.
few a few 修饰可数名词
a few表示几个，虽少但有，表肯定意义
e.g. She has a few friends in the school.
few表示少得快没了，表否定意义
e.g. He is rich but has few friends.
四大天王
both all neither none
both表示两者都
Both of my parents are doctors.
Both my father and my mother are doctors.
Neither表示两者都不
Neither of us likes Jay Chou.
Neither Lily nor Lucy likes Jay Chou.
All表示三者及三者以上都
All of us are here.
All of us like to play football.
None表示三者及三者以上都不
None of us is Japanese.
None of us likes to watch TV.
介词
介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的虚词。
常见介词
at before after in on by to near next to with for under
in front of behind from since about
三大时间介词
at on in
↑ ↑ ↑
点 日 剩下
常见的固定搭配：
in the morning/afternoon/evening
at noon/night/midday/midnight
如morning等有任何词修饰，则用on，如on a cold morning
三大方位介词
in Guangzhou is in the south of Guangdong.
on Sichuan is on the east of Tibet.
to Japan is to the east of China.
三大交通方式介词
by car by plane by train by ship by bike
in my father's car in a car
on a bike on his bike
几大易混介词
in front ofHe is sitting in front of me.
in the front ofThe boy sat in the front of the car.
The boy sat in front of the car. (此句子较离奇)
across 横过 She swam across the river.
through 穿过 He went through the door.
There are many apples on the tree.
There is a boy in the tree.
树上长的用on，否则用in
几个小点
We arrived in Tokyo at nine.
We arrived at the cinema at nine.
arrive at用于小地点 arrive in用于大地点
Please answer my question in English.
The woman in red is my teacher.
Look at the man in a hat.
介词后用doing
be good at doing be interested in doing prefer doing to doing thank you for doing
数词
基数词
0-12 zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
13-19 thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
20-99 twenty twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four
twenty-five twenty-six
twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine thirty forty fifty sixty
seventy eighty ninety
100及以上 one hundred one hundred and one one hundred and two
数字的英文读法
hundred thousand million billion
284 two hundred and eighty-four
5599 five thousand five hundred and ninety-nine
3758590 three million seven hundred and fifty-eight thousand five hundred and ninety
72893934900 seventy-two billion eight hundred and ninety-three million nine hundred and thirty-four thousand and nine hundred
注意
three hundred five thousand eight million several thousand
hundreds of 数以百计的，成百上千的
thousands of 数以千计的，成千上万的
millions of 数百万的，成百上千万的
billions of 数十亿的
序数词
first second third
fourth fifth sixth
seventh eighth ninth tenth
twentieth sixtieth eightieth
thirty-first forty-second fifty-ninth
基变序，有规律，一、二、三，个别记；
-th从四起，八加-h，九去-e；
-ve要用-f替，以y结尾变-ie；
几十几，几百几，首词不变尾变序。
注意
序数词前通常加the，如the first
如序数词前有物主代词，则不加the，如my second English teacher
分数
读法：分子用基分母序
分子大于1，分母用复数
1/2 a half
1/3 one third
1/4 one fourth或a quarter
2/3 two thirds
百分数
读法：数字＋percent
30% thirty percent
小数
读法：数字＋point＋单个数字
0.1 zero point 1
0.01 zero point zero one
12.53 twelve point five three
超级考点
70 percent of the earth's surface is water.
Three fourths of the students are from America.
主语中包含分数时，谓语动词的单复数与分数无关。
时间的表达
3:00 three o'clock
直接表达法
2:35 two thirty-five
8:49 eight forty-nine
间接表达法
前半小时（包括半小时）
4:20 twenty past four
9:30 thirty past nine or half past nine
后半小时
7:35 twenty-five to eight
11:45 fifteen to twelve or a quarter to twelve
日期的表达
美式 July 10(th), 2011 读法：July the tenth, two thousand and eleven
英式 10th July, 2011 读法：the tenth of July, two thousand and eleven
形容词/副词
形容词：修饰名词或代词
副词：修饰动词、形容词或整句
Miss Yang is a ______ woman. (beautiful, beautifully)
The dog is dancing ______. (happy, happily)
He is ______ with me. (angry, angrily)
He looks ______ today. (happy, happily)
Listen ______. (careful, carefully)
Don't drive so ______. (quick, quickly)
形容词和副词的转化规则
一般 直接加ly.
loud → loudly quiet → quietly slow → slowly
careful → carefully quick→ quickly bad → badly
二般 以辅音字母 y结尾的形容词，变"y"为i再加ly.
happy → happily easy → easily angry → angrily heavy → heavily
三特 good-well true-truly terrible-terribly
特中之特 late-late early-early high-high fast-fast
特中之特中之特 hard-hard
形容词的比较级和最高级
比较级用于两者之间的比较
Liu Xiang is taller than Pan Changjiang.
最高级用于三者及三者以上的比较
Yao Ming is the tallest of the three.
of the three, of them all, in our class, in China
比较级和最高级的变化规则
一般 加er或est
二般 以不发音的字母e结尾，加r或st
large strange wide safe
三般 以辅音字母 y结尾，变y为i，加er或est
happy angry hungry busy lazy heavy lucky lovely early
四般 以重读辅元辅结尾，双写尾字母加er或est
fat thin big hot sad wet
五般 多音节词加more或the most
beautiful important difficult interesting famous exciting delicious
特殊：clever 的比较级和最高级有两种
cleverer the cleverest
more clever the most clever
六特 good -better-the best
bad -worse-the worst
many/much-more-the most
鬼比神功
1．much/a little 形容词比较级 。。。。得多/一点儿
Yao Ming is much taller than I.
2．as……as 和。。。。一样
I'm as clever as you.
3．比较级 than any other 比其他任何人都更。。。。(另类最高级)
You are more beautiful than any other woman in the world.
4．比较级 and 比较级 越来越。。。。
It's getting warmer and warmer.
5．the 比较级，the 比较级 越。。。。，越。。。。。
The thinner I am, the happier I feel.
6．one of最高级 最。。。。之一
MJ is one of the best singers in the world.
情态动词有情态意义,表示说话人的语气、看法或态度等,表达可能、建议、必要、许可、能力等意义。
The movie is boring, I must go now.
He had to work when he was young.
We ______respect the old
非谓语动词
I have a lot of homework to do.
I have a lot of clothes to wash.
I have a lot of newspapers to read.
I have a lot of patients to look after.
Would you like something__________?
1．He decided ________ piano because he was tired of it.
A．to give teaching up B．giving up teaching
C．to give up teaching D．to give in teaching
2．It's time for supper now. Let's ________ it.
A．stop to have B．stop havingC．to go to D．go to
3．Remember ________ the newspaper when you have finished it.
A．putting back B．having put backC．to put back D．will put back
4．---So hot in the classroom. I feel like ________. the windows．
---OK. I'll do it right now.
A．not closing B．not openingC．closing D．opening
5．His car needs________.
A． repairing B．repair C． to repair D．repairs
附：需要学习相关资料都可以私信问我，我是小曾老师，希望在你的学习路上，给你一些帮助。
,
