今天我们学习阅读理解词义猜测题——根据构词法猜测词义的解题方法。
阅读中常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词转化、合成或派生的新词，我们可以依靠构词法方面的知识来猜测词义。
2016 全国卷Ⅱ B节选（记叙文）
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[4]Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside . I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, ”But I’m just not creative.”
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3. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean ?
2015北京 C 节选 （说明文）
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[3] The objects around you are visible because they interact with light . Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter (散射) light , bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light , stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it , so you can see it easily.
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2.The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A.silently B.gradually
C.regularly D.completely
答案：D. 词义猜测题。“dead“本为形容词”死的“意思，但这里却转化为了副词。该词出现在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而另外一种是对光线的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了。因此，”dead“在这里是"完全地"的意思。”completely“完全地，符合语境。A.默默地，B.逐渐地，C.有规律地.故选D。
2015湖北 B 节选 （记叙文）
[1] What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of food they consume.
1.The underlined word “prerequisite” (Para.1) is closest in meaning to “_____” .
A.recipe B.substitute
C.requirement D.challenge
答案：C. 猜测词义题。prerequisite 是由前缀“pre-“前，先”，结合词根requisite (要素、必需品) 构成的派生词，可猜测出词义为“先决条件，必要条件“，根据第一段第二句可知，Loe和他的家人在1/10英亩的地上种植，存储着充足的食物。由此推知大面积的农场并不是现代自给自足的生活方式的必要条件。”requirement，必要条件“符合语义。A.菜谱，B.替代品，D.挑战，均不合句意。故选C.
今天我们学习了阅读理解词义猜测题——根据构词法猜测词义的解题方法，希望同学们在做此类题时，能够根据分析复合词、转换词、派生词等构词法知识判断生词的含义。
今天我们就讲到这里，下节课我们继续学习阅读理解词义猜测题——关于代词指代性猜测词义的解题方法。谢谢大家。
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