最近总有老母亲和我抱怨，孩子们的英文学得越来越难了，之前学过的跟不上了。作为最常用的国际语言，学好英语，真可谓走遍天下都不怕。老母亲们就和我一起来，重温一下英语学习中，可能会遇到的要点难点吧~~
If a word ends with a short vowel sound plus a consonant, and the stress is on the last syllable, then the final consonant is doubled if you add an ending which starts with a vowel.
如果一个单词以短元音加上辅音结尾，并且重音在最后一个音节；这时添加一个以元音开头的词尾，则要双写原单词最后的辅音字母。
a. One-syllable words which end with a short vowel plus a consonant
适用条件a：以一个元音字（短元音）加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节单词，双写末尾辅音字母。
例如：
hot--hotter
jar--jarring
sad--saddest
cut--cutting
win--winner
draw--drawing
grey--greyer
Exception：This depends on sounds, not spelling.So if the final sonsonant is "w" or "y", don't double it. Because the words are written with a consonant, but the sound isn't pronounced as a consonant.
但是，这取决于读音而非拼写。因此，如果最终的辅音字母是“w”或者“y”，则不需要双写。因为这两个字母虽然是辅音字母，但是读音却不是按照辅音字母发音的。
b. If a word ends with two consonants, or with a consonant plus vowel, then don't double any consonants.
排除条件b：如果一个单词以“两个辅音”结尾，或者以“辅音 元音”结尾，则不需要双写。
例如：
think--thinking
write-writer
c. If the stress is on the last syllable, and the word ends with a short vowel plus a consonant.多音节词如果重音在最后一个音节，且以一个元音加一个辅音结尾，则需要双写。
例如：
occur--occurring
commit--committee
forget-forgetting
Exception：However, if the stress is not on the last syllable, you don't double the final consonant.
例外：如果重音不在最后一个音节，则不用双写最后的辅音字母。
happen--happening
discover-discoverer
water-watery
2 Rule Two: i before e except after c.
先考虑ie组合，但在字母c后面，是ei组合。
例如：
- ie在前
piece
field
achieve
- ei在c之后
receipt
ceiling
conceive
- ei发/ei/音
neighbour
weigh
eight
- exceptions 例外
height
leisure
weird
caffeine
species
ancient
3 Rule Three：Nouns Plural 名词复数
If a word ends in -s, -ss, -z, -ch, -sh, or -x, then you make the plural by adding -es.
如果单词以-s, -ss, -z, -ch, -sh, 或 -x结尾，则名词复数需要加-es.
例如：
glass-glasses
box--boxes
quiz--quizzes
beach--beaches
If a word ends in a consonant plus -o, then the plural is written with -es.
如果一个单词以辅音加-o结尾，则复数加-es。
例如：
potato-potatoes
tomato-tomatoes
hero-heroes
mosquito-mosquitoes
However, if a word ends with a vowel plus -o, then the plural is written only with -s.
如果一个单词以元音加-o结尾，则复数只加-s。
例如：
video-videos
radio-radios
Exception: 例外：
logo-logos
piano-pianos
4 Rule Four: Adding a suffix to a root word which ends with -e, depends on two things: the spelling of the root word, and the suffix you are adding.向以-e结尾的根词后添加后缀，取决于两件事：根词的拼写和要添加的后缀。
a. Firstly, the -e can only disappear if you add a suffix which starts with a vowel.
-able, -ible, -ing, -ity, or -ed
首先，只有添加的后缀以元音开头，词尾的-e才能去掉。
例如：
achieve-achievable
take-taking
active-activity
b.However, if a word ends with -ue, then you can sometimes drop the -e, even if the suffix begins with a consonant.
但是，当单词以-ue结尾时，即使后缀以辅音开头，也可以去掉词尾的-e。
例如：
true-truly
argue-argument
c.If the words end with -ce or -ge, then you might need to keep the -e in order to keep the pronunciation.当单词以-ce或-ge结尾，你可能需要保留结尾的-e以保证发音的完整。
例如：
manage-manageable
encourage-encouragement
grace-graceful
unpronounce-unpronounceable
Exception:例外：
ageing(in British English) or aging(in American English)
d.Also, you don't drop the -e if this would change the pronunciation.
同样的，如果去-e会改变发音，则-e保留。
例如：
agree-agreement
agree-agreeable
agree-agreeing
5.Some words which are very commonly misspelled常见误拼单词committee 委员会
embarrassed 尴尬
millennium 千年
possession 拥有
correspondence 通信
harassment 困扰 骚扰
guard 卫士
guardian 监护人
Two endings which have the same pronunciation:A-N-C-E and E-N-C-E.
两种结尾发音相同，A-N-C-E and E-N-C-E.
competence 能力
audience 观众
interference 干扰
ambulance 救护车
clearance 清除
importance 重要
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