一、when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用,下面我们就来说一说关于when引导的时间状语从句讲解?我们一起去了解并探讨一下这个问题吧!
when引导的时间状语从句讲解
when,While,as显然都可以引导时间状语从句,但用法区别非常大。一、when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
① Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?
②Sorry,I was out when you called me.(call为短暂性动词)对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了。
③Strike while the iron is hot.(is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁。
④ The students took notes as they listened.(listen为延续性动词)学生们边听课边做笔记。
二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
1.从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用 when。
①When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.(finished先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。
②When I got to the airport,the guests had left.(got to后发生)当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。
2.从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用。
①When /While /As we were dancing,a stranger came in.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。
②When /While /As she was making a phonecall,I was writing a letter.(make为延续性动词)当她在打电话时,我正在写信。
3.当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用 as。这时,as常表示“随着……”;“一边……,一边……”之意。
① As the time went on,the weather got worse.(as表示“随着……”之意)
② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.
随着高度的增加,大气越来越稀薄。
③As years go by,China is getting stronger and richer.
随着时间一年一年过去,中国变得越来越富强了。
④The little girls sang as they went.
例题分析:
That day, I was doing my homework ___ my younger brother was watching TV.
Suddenly the doorbell rang.
A.when B.while
C.before D.after
when 和while都可以表示“两个动作同时发生”的含义, 此时它们的不同之处在于while 有表示“对比”的含义, 如题目中一人在做作业,一人在看电视,强调两人做不同的事情,有对比的含义,选择B选项
when和while都可以用在多种行为或情况同时发生。具体情况有下面四种:
1.我们经常用when和while引导时间状语从句引出一个大的背景,而在这个背景之下发生发生了主句所描述的行为。
i.e. Somebody broke into the house when/while they were playing cards.
他们在打牌的时候有人闯进了房子。
2.当表示两个长时行为与情况同时发生时,用while而不用when.
i.e. While you were reading the paper, I was working.你在读报时,我在工作。
3.when引导的从句表示在主句中描述的大背景下发生了另一行为。这时不能用while.
i.e. I was asleep in my chair when Dora rang to say she wasn't coming home.我睡觉的时候,多利给我打电话说她不会回家。
4.当表示年龄或是生命中的一段时间时,用when而不用while.
i.e. When I was a child we lived in London. 我小时候住在伦敦。
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