在中国古代文学中，诗歌是最古老的文学形式。去年，BBC推出了一部关于诗歌的纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》，以“歪果仁的视角”向西方世界介绍了杜甫的诗歌及其颠沛流离的一生。
片中还请来了英国国宝级演员、《指环王》中甘道夫的扮演者伊恩·麦克莱恩，他用一口浓厚的莎士比亚戏剧腔调，为观众吟诵了《春夜喜雨》《梦李白》等15首杜甫的诗文译作。
一个浑厚有力的声音，正娓娓道来着杜诗的沉郁顿挫...中国诗歌的韵味和意境，英文诗歌的节奏和音律，当两者相结合，会散发出怎样的魅力？又会擦出怎样的火花？
今天我们就通过几首中英译版诗歌，一起感受中西文化的碰撞之美吧～
英译版诗歌的独特之美01
杜甫将对往昔繁华的眷恋
以及对破碎山河的凄然
皆凝于《春望》一诗中
△春望 戴卫 现藏于成都杜甫草堂博物馆
春望
View in Spring
宇文所安 译
国破山河在，城春草木深。
The state broken，its mountains and rivers remain，the city turns spring， deep with plants and trees.
感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。
Stirred by the time，flowers，sprinkling tears，hating parting，birds，alarm the heart.
烽火连三月，家书抵万金。
Beacon fires stretch through three months，a letter from family worth ten thousand in silver.
白头搔更短，浑欲不胜簪。
I've scratched my white hair even shorter，pretty much to the point where it won't hold a hatpin.
02
杜甫被禁于长安时
一首《月夜》
遥寄自己对家人的思念
△月夜 施孝长 现藏于成都杜甫草堂博物馆
月夜
Moonlit Night
宇文所安 译
今夜鄜州月，闺中只独看。
The moon tonight in Fuzhou, she alone watches from her chamber.
遥怜小儿女，未解忆长安。
I am moved by my children far off there, who don’t yet know to remember Chang’an.
香雾云鬟湿，清辉玉臂寒。
Fragrant fog, her coils of hair damp, clear glow, her jade-white arms are cold.
何时倚虚幌，双照泪痕干。
When will we lean at the empty window, both shone upon, the tracks of our tears dried?
03
在经过一段流离转徙的生活后
杜甫举家南下来到成都定居
在“草堂”写下了这首《春夜喜雨》
△杜甫草堂茅屋 摄影师：王飞
春夜喜雨
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night
宇文所安 译
好雨知时节，当春乃发生。
A good rain knows its appointed time，right in spring it brings things to life.
随风潜入夜，润物细无声。
It enters the night unseen with the wind，and moistens things finely， without a sound.
野径云俱黑，江船火独明。
Over wilderness paths，the clouds are all black，a boat on the river，its fire alone bright.
晓看红湿处，花重锦官城。
At daybreak look where it’s wet and red，the flowers will be heavy in Brocade City.
04
《登高》为杜甫晚年旅居夔州时所作
是身世飘零的感慨
也是老病孤愁的悲哀
△登高 陆小曼 现藏于成都杜甫草堂博物馆
登高
Climbing the Heights
宇文所安 译
风急天高猿啸哀，渚清沙白鸟飞回。
The wind blows hard, the heavens, high, gibbons howl in lament, isles clear, sands white, where birds turn in flight.
无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。
Endless trees shed their leaves that descend in the whistling wind, unending, the Long River comes on churning.
万里悲秋常作客，百年多病独登台。
Grieving for fall across ten thousand leagues, always a traveler, often sick in this century of life I climb the terrace alone.
艰难苦恨繁霜鬓，潦倒新停浊酒杯。
In hardship I bitterly resent these tangled, frost-white locks, down and out, I recently quit cups of thick ale.
中译版诗歌的韵律之美01
《她走在美的光影里》
是19世纪初期英国杰出的浪漫主义诗人
乔治·戈登·拜伦发表于1814年的爱情诗
1815年被收入《希伯来歌曲》中
She Walks in Beauty
《她走在美的光影里》
杨德豫 译
She walks in beauty,like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies,她走在美的光影里，好像无云的夜空，繁星闪烁，
And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes,明与暗的最美的形象凝聚于她的容颜和眼波，
Thus mellow’d to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.融成一片淡雅的清光——浓艳的白天得不到的恩泽。
One shade the more, one ray the less,多一道阴影，少一缕光芒，
Had half impair’d nameless grace Which waves in every raven tress,都会有损于这无名之美：美在她绺绺黑发间飘荡，
Or softly lightens o’er her face,Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure,how dear their dwelling-place.也在她颜面上洒布柔辉；愉悦的思想在那儿颂扬这神圣寓所的纯洁高贵。
And on that cheek and o’er that brow So soft,so calm,yet eloquent,安详，和婉，富于情态——在那脸颊上，在那眉宇间，
The smiles that win,the tints that glow But tell of days in goodness spent,迷人的笑容，照人的光彩，显示温情伴送着芳年；
A mind at peace with all below,A heart whose love is innocent.恬静的、涵容一切的胸怀！蕴蓄着真纯爱情的心田！
02
When You Are Old《当你老了》
是爱尔兰诗人威廉·巴特勒·叶芝
于1893年创作的爱情诗歌
When You Are Old
《当你老了》
冰心 译
When you are old and grey and full of sleep,当你老了，头发花白，睡意沉沉，
And nodding by the fire, take down this book,倦坐在炉边，取下这本书来，
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look,慢慢读着，追梦当年的眼神
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;那柔美的神采与深幽的晕影。
How many loved your moments of glad grace,多少人爱过你青春的片影，
And loved your beauty with love false or true,爱过你的美貌，以虚伪或是真情，
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,惟独一人爱你那朝圣者的心，
And loved the sorrows of your changing face;爱你哀戚的脸上岁月的留痕。
And bending down beside the glowing bars,在炉栅边，你弯下了腰，
Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled And paced upon the mountains overhead低语着，带着浅浅的伤感，爱情是怎样逝去，又怎样步上群山，
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.怎样在繁星之间藏住了脸。
钱钟书先生在《谈中国诗》中提及：“中国诗里有所谓‘西洋的’品质，西洋诗里也有所谓‘中国的’成分。”
诗歌文化的多元性，让我们看到了更广阔的世界，它用不同的表现形式，跨越了民族和文化之间的界限，这是一场中西文化的碰撞，它让更多人感受到了诗歌的魅力，也抵达了更多人的内心世界。
参考资料：中国诗歌网：BBC最新纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》、百度文库
图片：来源于网络
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