2019高考英语全国卷 II 阅读理解 D 篇解题指引(二)

在“一读主旨明大意”这个步骤后,我们把“二思题型找题眼”和“三辨干扰同复现”两个环节合并一起讨论。

一般情况下,命题人是按照段落先后顺序设问的, “先总后分”篇章结构的主旨大意题除外,如35题就要纵观全文考虑答案。

什么是edu模式(HUNCH的不同教学方式到底与College)(1)

32.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?

A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution.

C. They appear different forms. D. They damage the instruments.

32题是事实细节题。我们先抓题干关键词the bacteria in the International Space Station,肯定是在第1段中找到相关信息:Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. 再在同一层次找到so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.,对应的答案就是A. They are hard to get rid of. 其余三个选项是“无中生有”,就是相关段落层次根本没出现这些信息。

33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?

A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.

B. To sharpen students' communication skills.

C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.

D. To link space technology with school education

33题也是事实细节题。我们先抓题干关键词the purpose of the HUNCH,在第2段找到主题句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. 显然D. To link space technology with school education就是对这个主题句的近义同现。其中A.B.两个选项是“无中生有”。

C.是“偷梁换柱”,不要以为zero gravity在原段落中出现过就选C.。高考与中考设问不同,高考回答问题的选项往往会以近义词、同义词、反义词、释义词、相关词等同现复现形式出现。

什么是edu模式(HUNCH的不同教学方式到底与College)(2)

34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?

A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs

C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework.

34题也是事实细节题。我们先抓题干关键词What do the NASA engineers do,在第3段第2层次找到主题句Engineers come and really do an in-person review. 显然A. Check their product.就是对这个主题句的近义同现。

其余三个选项就文章来说是“无中生有”,不要根据“学校有指导课题设计、调整教学时间、评定作业”这些常识概念来选答案,更不要纠结于这三项有什么区别。

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts.

B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.

C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.

D. HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.

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由What is the best title可知,35题是主旨大意题。选项A.C.是“无中生有”,D.是易错选项,干扰性比较大,很多考生会认为既然是讲HUNCH的不同教学方式,答案就是D.HUNCH: A College Admission Reform,大学招生改革。

答案不是D.是因为HUNCH的学习方法和过程不是在考试招生方面与众不同,而且HUNCH只是个例,并不同所有的高考中都是这样,所以D.的干扰手法是“以偏概全”。

词汇理解障碍也是许多考生不选B.的原因。 Frontier有边远地区; (学科或活动的) 尖端,边缘的意思。那么B. 就是“太空活动研究也可作为学科作业(最后选择)”的意思。所以35题应该是道拉开考生差距的题。

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