人教版初中英语上册八单元知识(初中英语八年级Unit1解析)(1)

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人教版初中英语上册八单元知识(初中英语八年级Unit1解析)(2)

单元·重点检索

语言目标

Talk about past events谈论过去的事情

重点短语

go on vacation去度假

stay at home待在家里

go to the mountains去爬山

go to the beach去海滩

visit museums 参观博物馆

drink tea喝茶

2、用法

(1)作主语时,谓语动词用单数

例如:

Everyone is here.

每个人都在这儿。

(2)被形容词修饰时,形容词必须后置。

例如:

I have something interesting to tell you.

我有些有趣的事要告诉你。

Did you find anything special?

你发现了些奇特的事情吗?

(3)含some-开头的不定代词用于肯定陈述句中,any-开头的则用于否定句和疑问句中。

例如:

There is wrong with my eyes, I can’t see.

A.something,something

B.anything,anything

C.something,anythingD.anything,something

二、反身代词 oneself

人教版初中英语上册八单元知识(初中英语八年级Unit1解析)(3)

用法:enjoy oneself= have a good time

拓展

by oneself独立、独自

例如:

I do the homework by myself.

我自己做家庭作业。

dress oneself

自己穿衣服

make yourself at home

(客气语)像自己家一样,不用客气

look after oneself

照看自己

Section B

语言·知识精讲

1. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.

今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。

arrive不及物动词,意为“到达”。arrive in表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、市等; arrive at表示到达较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。(注:在地点副词home,here,there前介词省略)

辨析:arrive in 大地点 / arrive at 小地点

拓展

get toreach 地点

例如:

I got to/ reached school at 8:00 o’clock yesterday.

2. My sister and I tried paragliding.

姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。

此处try用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试;试图,设法;努力”

例如:

She is trying my bicycle.

她正在试骑我的自行车。

拓展

try也可用作名词,意为“尝试”,常用短语“have a try”,意为“试一试”。

例如:

I want to have a try.

我想试一试。

辨析:

try doing sth. / try to do sth.

try doing sth. 尝试做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出努力设法去完成。

例如:

I tried calling him, but no one answered.

我试着给他打电话了,但没有人接听。

I’m trying to learn English well.

我正尽力把英语学好。

3.I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting!

我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了!

(1)feel like意为“给……的感觉;感受到”。其后常接从句。

例如:

He feels like he is swimming.

他感觉像在游泳一样

拓展

feel like还可意为“想要……”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即:

feel like sth.想要某物

feel like doing sth.想要做某事

例如:

Do you feel like a cup of tea now?

你现在想要一杯茶吗?

Do you feel like taking a walk in the park with me?你

想跟我在公园散步吗?

(2)辨析:exciting与excited

exciting意为“令人兴奋的,使人激动的”, 一般修饰某物。excited意为“感到兴奋的,激动的”, 一般修饰某人。

例如:

The story is(exciting, excited).

He told me the(exciting, excited)news.

Sarah was(exciting, excited)to see the singer.

4. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.

我们想走到山顶,但那时开始下了点雨,所以我们决定乘火车。

(1)want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。

(2)start doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”,同义短语:start to do sth.

例如:

Tom started learning English last year. Tom.

去年开始学英语。

(3)a little 意为“一点儿”,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不可数名词。

例如:

I can draw a little, but only as a hobby.

It’s a little cold outside.

外面有点冷。

He can speak a little English.

他会讲一点英语。

(4)take the train意为“乘火车”,take在此意为“乘坐”。

5.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.

因为人太多,所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。

(1)wait for意为“等候”,其后可接人或物。

例如:

Tom was waiting for a bus over there.

Tom在那儿等车。

(2)over介词,意为“多于;超过” ,相当于more than。

例如:

My father is over 40 years old.

我爸爸40多岁了。

There are over eight hundred students in our school.

我校有800多名学生。

(3)too many意为“太多”,其后接可数名词复数。

例如:

He always has too many questions to ask me.

他总有许多问题问我。

辨析:

too many 可数名词复数意为“太多…… ”

too much 不可数名词意为“太多……”

much too 形容词意为“太……”

6.And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.

而且因为糟糕的天气,我们也没能看到下面的任何景色.

辨析:because of与because

(1)because of意为“因为,由于”,后可接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。

例如:

He lost his job because of his age.

由于年龄的缘故,他失去了工作。

(2)because意为“因为”,引导状语从句,即接句子。

例如:

I didn’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

因为太贵了,我没买那件衬衣。

7. My father didn’t bring enough money…

我爸爸没带足够的钱……

(1)辨析:bring与take

bring意为“带来;拿来”, 指从别处带到说话者所在地。take意为“拿走;带走”, 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。

(2)enough 意为“足够的,充分的”

①用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后。

②用来修饰名词时一般放在名词前面。

例如:

The box is big enough.

那盒子足够大。

We have enough time to do our homework.

我们有足够的时间做家庭作业。

语法·要点总结

一般过去时

用法

表示过去某时发生的动作或状态。以句中表示过去的时间状语作为标志词。

1.yesterday或以其构成的短语:

yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等;

2. 由“last 时间名词”构成的短语:

last night, last year (winter, month, week)等;

3. 由“时间段 ago”构成的短语:

a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等;

4. 其它:just now等;

5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。

动词过去式变形

① 规则变化

构成规则原形过去式一般在动词原形末尾加ed

play played clean cleaned

结尾是e的动词加d

dance danced

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加ed

stop stopped

以辅音字母 y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加ed

study studied

②不规则变化见教材(P142—P143)

Self Check

总结·易混巧辨

1.anywhere与somewhere

(1)anywhere意为“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。

例如:

I can’t find it anywhere.

(2)somewhere意为“在某处;到某处”,常用于肯定句中。

例如:

I lost my key somewhere near here.

2.bored与boring

(1)bored意为“厌烦的;感到无聊的”,一般在句中修饰人。

例如:

I’m bored with what he said.

我对他说的话厌烦极了。

(2)boring意为“无聊的;令人厌烦的”,一般在句中修饰事或物。

例如:

I find the story very boring.

我发现这个故事太无聊了。

拓展

interested与interestingexcited与exciting区别同上

3. forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.

(1)forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事(事情还没做)”

例如:

Don’t forget to close the window.

别忘记关窗。

(2)forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事(事情已经做过了)”

例如:

I forget closing the window.

我忘记窗户已经关了。

总结·交际用语

1.询问度假的地方

—Where did you go on vacation?

你假期去哪儿了?

—I went to…

我去……

2. 询问随行人员

—Who did you go out with?

和谁一起去的?

—I went with…

我和……去的。

3. 询问购物情况

—Did you buy anything special?

你买什么特别的东西了吗?

—Yes, I bought something for my mom.

是的,我给妈妈买了东西。

4. 询问食物味道

—How was the food?

食物怎么样?

—Everything tasted really good!

的确都很好吃。

5. 询问假日感受

—Did you have a good time?

你玩得开心吗?

—Yes. Everything was excellent.

是的。一切都很顺利。

参考书目(独家授权)

遨游新课标系列·初中英语教材同步训练

本文编辑:Joyce

编辑助理:Jane

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