python串口怎么使用
使用Python3+PyQT5+Pyserial 实现简单的串口工具方法练手项目，先上图
先实现一个简单的串口工具，为之后的上位机做准备
代码如下：
github
pyserial_demo.py
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import sysimport serialimport serial.tools.list_portsfrom pyqt5 import qtwidgetsfrom pyqt5.qtwidgets import qmessageboxfrom pyqt5.qtcore import qtimerfrom ui_demo_1 import ui_formclass pyqt5_serial(qtwidgets.qwidget, ui_form): def __init__(self): super(pyqt5_serial, self).__init__() self.setupui(self) self.init() self.setwindowtitle("串口小助手") self.ser = serial.serial() self.port_check() # 接收数据和发送数据数目置零 self.data_num_received = 0 self.lineedit.settext(str(self.data_num_received)) self.data_num_sended = 0 self.lineedit_2.settext(str(self.data_num_sended)) def init(self): # 串口检测按钮 self.s1__box_1.clicked.connect(self.port_check) # 串口信息显示 self.s1__box_2.currenttextchanged.connect(self.port_imf) # 打开串口按钮 self.open_button.clicked.connect(self.port_open) # 关闭串口按钮 self.close_button.clicked.connect(self.port_close) # 发送数据按钮 self.s3__send_button.clicked.connect(self.data_send) # 定时发送数据 self.timer_send = qtimer() self.timer_send.timeout.connect(self.data_send) self.timer_send_cb.statechanged.connect(self.data_send_timer) # 定时器接收数据 self.timer = qtimer(self) self.timer.timeout.connect(self.data_receive) # 清除发送窗口 self.s3__clear_button.clicked.connect(self.send_data_clear) # 清除接收窗口 self.s2__clear_button.clicked.connect(self.receive_data_clear) # 串口检测 def port_check(self): # 检测所有存在的串口，将信息存储在字典中 self.com_dict = {} port_list = list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports()) self.s1__box_2.clear() for port in port_list: self.com_dict["%s" % port[0]] = "%s" % port[1] self.s1__box_2.additem(port[0]) if len(self.com_dict) == 0: self.state_label.settext(" 无串口") # 串口信息 def port_imf(self): # 显示选定的串口的详细信息 imf_s = self.s1__box_2.currenttext() if imf_s != "": self.state_label.settext(self.com_dict[self.s1__box_2.currenttext()]) # 打开串口 def port_open(self): self.ser.port = self.s1__box_2.currenttext() self.ser.baudrate = int(self.s1__box_3.currenttext()) self.ser.bytesize = int(self.s1__box_4.currenttext()) self.ser.stopbits = int(self.s1__box_6.currenttext()) self.ser.parity = self.s1__box_5.currenttext() try: self.ser.open() except: qmessagebox.critical(self, "port error", "此串口不能被打开！") return none # 打开串口接收定时器，周期为2ms self.timer.start(2) if self.ser.isopen(): self.open_button.setenabled(false) self.close_button.setenabled(true) self.formgroupbox1.settitle("串口状态（已开启）") # 关闭串口 def port_close(self): self.timer.stop() self.timer_send.stop() try: self.ser.close() except: pass self.open_button.setenabled(true) self.close_button.setenabled(false) self.lineedit_3.setenabled(true) # 接收数据和发送数据数目置零 self.data_num_received = 0 self.lineedit.settext(str(self.data_num_received)) self.data_num_sended = 0 self.lineedit_2.settext(str(self.data_num_sended)) self.formgroupbox1.settitle("串口状态（已关闭）") # 发送数据 def data_send(self): if self.ser.isopen(): input_s = self.s3__send_text.toplaintext() if input_s != "": # 非空字符串 if self.hex_send.ischecked(): # hex发送 input_s = input_s.strip() send_list = [] while input_s != '': try: num = int(input_s[0:2], 16) except valueerror: qmessagebox.critical(self, 'wrong data', '请输入十六进制数据，以空格分开!') return none input_s = input_s[2:].strip() send_list.append(num) input_s = bytes(send_list) else: # ascii发送 input_s = (input_s + '\r\n').encode('utf-8') num = self.ser.write(input_s) self.data_num_sended += num self.lineedit_2.settext(str(self.data_num_sended)) else: pass # 接收数据 def data_receive(self): try: num = self.ser.inwaiting() except: self.port_close() return none if num > 0: data = self.ser.read(num) num = len(data) # hex显示 if self.hex_receive.checkstate(): out_s = '' for i in range(0, len(data)): out_s = out_s + '{:02x}'.format(data[i]) + ' ' self.s2__receive_text.insertplaintext(out_s) else: # 串口接收到的字符串为b'123',要转化成unicode字符串才能输出到窗口中去 self.s2__receive_text.insertplaintext(data.decode('iso-8859-1')) # 统计接收字符的数量 self.data_num_received += num self.lineedit.settext(str(self.data_num_received)) # 获取到text光标 textcursor = self.s2__receive_text.textcursor() # 滚动到底部 textcursor.moveposition(textcursor.end) # 设置光标到text中去 self.s2__receive_text.settextcursor(textcursor) else: pass # 定时发送数据 def data_send_timer(self): if self.timer_send_cb.ischecked(): self.timer_send.start(int(self.lineedit_3.text())) self.lineedit_3.setenabled(false) else: self.timer_send.stop() self.lineedit_3.setenabled(true) # 清除显示 def send_data_clear(self): self.s3__send_text.settext("") def receive_data_clear(self): self.s2__receive_text.settext("")if __name__ == '__main__': app = qtwidgets.qapplication(sys.argv) myshow = pyqt5_serial() myshow.show() sys.exit(app.exec_()) |
ui_demo_1.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# form implementation generated from reading ui file 'demo_1.ui'## created by: pyqt5 ui code generator 5.6## warning! all changes made in this file will be lost!from pyqt5 import qtcore, qtgui, qtwidgetsclass ui_form(object): def setupui(self, form): form.setobjectname("form") form.resize(707, 458) self.formgroupbox = qtwidgets.qgroupbox(form) self.formgroupbox.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(20, 20, 167, 301)) self.formgroupbox.setobjectname("formgroupbox") self.formlayout = qtwidgets.qformlayout(self.formgroupbox) self.formlayout.setcontentsmargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.formlayout.setspacing(10) self.formlayout.setobjectname("formlayout") self.s1__lb_1 = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__lb_1.setobjectname("s1__lb_1") self.formlayout.setwidget(0, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.s1__lb_1) self.s1__box_1 = qtwidgets.qpushbutton(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__box_1.setautorepeatinterval(100) self.s1__box_1.setdefault(true) self.s1__box_1.setobjectname("s1__box_1") self.formlayout.setwidget(0, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.s1__box_1) self.s1__lb_2 = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__lb_2.setobjectname("s1__lb_2") self.formlayout.setwidget(1, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.s1__lb_2) self.s1__box_2 = qtwidgets.qcombobox(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__box_2.setobjectname("s1__box_2") self.formlayout.setwidget(1, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.s1__box_2) self.s1__lb_3 = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__lb_3.setobjectname("s1__lb_3") self.formlayout.setwidget(3, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.s1__lb_3) self.s1__box_3 = qtwidgets.qcombobox(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__box_3.setobjectname("s1__box_3") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.s1__box_3.additem("") self.formlayout.setwidget(3, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.s1__box_3) self.s1__lb_4 = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__lb_4.setobjectname("s1__lb_4") self.formlayout.setwidget(4, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.s1__lb_4) self.s1__box_4 = qtwidgets.qcombobox(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__box_4.setobjectname("s1__box_4") self.s1__box_4.additem("") self.s1__box_4.additem("") self.s1__box_4.additem("") self.s1__box_4.additem("") self.formlayout.setwidget(4, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.s1__box_4) self.s1__lb_5 = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__lb_5.setobjectname("s1__lb_5") self.formlayout.setwidget(5, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.s1__lb_5) self.s1__box_5 = qtwidgets.qcombobox(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__box_5.setobjectname("s1__box_5") self.s1__box_5.additem("") self.formlayout.setwidget(5, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.s1__box_5) self.open_button = qtwidgets.qpushbutton(self.formgroupbox) self.open_button.setobjectname("open_button") self.formlayout.setwidget(7, qtwidgets.qformlayout.spanningrole, self.open_button) self.close_button = qtwidgets.qpushbutton(self.formgroupbox) self.close_button.setobjectname("close_button") self.formlayout.setwidget(8, qtwidgets.qformlayout.spanningrole, self.close_button) self.s1__lb_6 = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__lb_6.setobjectname("s1__lb_6") self.formlayout.setwidget(6, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.s1__lb_6) self.s1__box_6 = qtwidgets.qcombobox(self.formgroupbox) self.s1__box_6.setobjectname("s1__box_6") self.s1__box_6.additem("") self.formlayout.setwidget(6, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.s1__box_6) self.state_label = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox) self.state_label.settext("") self.state_label.settextformat(qtcore.qt.autotext) self.state_label.setscaledcontents(true) self.state_label.setalignment(qtcore.qt.alignright|qtcore.qt.aligntrailing|qtcore.qt.alignvcenter) self.state_label.setobjectname("state_label") self.formlayout.setwidget(2, qtwidgets.qformlayout.spanningrole, self.state_label) self.verticalgroupbox = qtwidgets.qgroupbox(form) self.verticalgroupbox.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(210, 20, 401, 241)) self.verticalgroupbox.setobjectname("verticalgroupbox") self.verticallayout = qtwidgets.qvboxlayout(self.verticalgroupbox) self.verticallayout.setcontentsmargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.verticallayout.setobjectname("verticallayout") self.s2__receive_text = qtwidgets.qtextbrowser(self.verticalgroupbox) self.s2__receive_text.setobjectname("s2__receive_text") self.verticallayout.addwidget(self.s2__receive_text) self.verticalgroupbox_2 = qtwidgets.qgroupbox(form) self.verticalgroupbox_2.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(210, 280, 401, 101)) self.verticalgroupbox_2.setobjectname("verticalgroupbox_2") self.verticallayout_2 = qtwidgets.qvboxlayout(self.verticalgroupbox_2) self.verticallayout_2.setcontentsmargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.verticallayout_2.setobjectname("verticallayout_2") self.s3__send_text = qtwidgets.qtextedit(self.verticalgroupbox_2) self.s3__send_text.setobjectname("s3__send_text") self.verticallayout_2.addwidget(self.s3__send_text) self.s3__send_button = qtwidgets.qpushbutton(form) self.s3__send_button.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(620, 310, 61, 31)) self.s3__send_button.setobjectname("s3__send_button") self.s3__clear_button = qtwidgets.qpushbutton(form) self.s3__clear_button.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(620, 350, 61, 31)) self.s3__clear_button.setobjectname("s3__clear_button") self.formgroupbox1 = qtwidgets.qgroupbox(form) self.formgroupbox1.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(20, 340, 171, 101)) self.formgroupbox1.setobjectname("formgroupbox1") self.formlayout_2 = qtwidgets.qformlayout(self.formgroupbox1) self.formlayout_2.setcontentsmargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.formlayout_2.setspacing(10) self.formlayout_2.setobjectname("formlayout_2") self.label = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox1) self.label.setobjectname("label") self.formlayout_2.setwidget(0, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.label) self.label_2 = qtwidgets.qlabel(self.formgroupbox1) self.label_2.setobjectname("label_2") self.formlayout_2.setwidget(1, qtwidgets.qformlayout.labelrole, self.label_2) self.lineedit = qtwidgets.qlineedit(self.formgroupbox1) self.lineedit.setobjectname("lineedit") self.formlayout_2.setwidget(0, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.lineedit) self.lineedit_2 = qtwidgets.qlineedit(self.formgroupbox1) self.lineedit_2.setobjectname("lineedit_2") self.formlayout_2.setwidget(1, qtwidgets.qformlayout.fieldrole, self.lineedit_2) self.hex_send = qtwidgets.qcheckbox(form) self.hex_send.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(620, 280, 71, 16)) self.hex_send.setobjectname("hex_send") self.hex_receive = qtwidgets.qcheckbox(form) self.hex_receive.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(620, 40, 71, 16)) self.hex_receive.setobjectname("hex_receive") self.s2__clear_button = qtwidgets.qpushbutton(form) self.s2__clear_button.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(620, 80, 61, 31)) self.s2__clear_button.setobjectname("s2__clear_button") self.timer_send_cb = qtwidgets.qcheckbox(form) self.timer_send_cb.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(260, 390, 71, 16)) self.timer_send_cb.setobjectname("timer_send_cb") self.lineedit_3 = qtwidgets.qlineedit(form) self.lineedit_3.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(350, 390, 61, 20)) self.lineedit_3.setalignment(qtcore.qt.alignright|qtcore.qt.aligntrailing|qtcore.qt.alignvcenter) self.lineedit_3.setobjectname("lineedit_3") self.dw = qtwidgets.qlabel(form) self.dw.setgeometry(qtcore.qrect(420, 390, 54, 20)) self.dw.setobjectname("dw") self.verticalgroupbox.raise_() self.verticalgroupbox_2.raise_() self.formgroupbox.raise_() self.s3__send_button.raise_() self.s3__clear_button.raise_() self.formgroupbox.raise_() self.hex_send.raise_() self.hex_receive.raise_() self.s2__clear_button.raise_() self.timer_send_cb.raise_() self.lineedit_3.raise_() self.dw.raise_() self.retranslateui(form) qtcore.qmetaobject.connectslotsbyname(form) def retranslateui(self, form): _translate = qtcore.qcoreapplication.translate form.setwindowtitle(_translate("form", "form")) self.formgroupbox.settitle(_translate("form", "串口设置")) self.s1__lb_1.settext(_translate("form", "串口检测：")) self.s1__box_1.settext(_translate("form", "检测串口")) self.s1__lb_2.settext(_translate("form", "串口选择：")) self.s1__lb_3.settext(_translate("form", "波特率：")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(0, _translate("form", "115200")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(1, _translate("form", "2400")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(2, _translate("form", "4800")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(3, _translate("form", "9600")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(4, _translate("form", "14400")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(5, _translate("form", "19200")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(6, _translate("form", "38400")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(7, _translate("form", "57600")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(8, _translate("form", "76800")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(9, _translate("form", "12800")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(10, _translate("form", "230400")) self.s1__box_3.setitemtext(11, _translate("form", "460800")) self.s1__lb_4.settext(_translate("form", "数据位：")) self.s1__box_4.setitemtext(0, _translate("form", "8")) self.s1__box_4.setitemtext(1, _translate("form", "7")) self.s1__box_4.setitemtext(2, _translate("form", "6")) self.s1__box_4.setitemtext(3, _translate("form", "5")) self.s1__lb_5.settext(_translate("form", "校验位：")) self.s1__box_5.setitemtext(0, _translate("form", "n")) self.open_button.settext(_translate("form", "打开串口")) self.close_button.settext(_translate("form", "关闭串口")) self.s1__lb_6.settext(_translate("form", "停止位：")) self.s1__box_6.setitemtext(0, _translate("form", "1")) self.verticalgroupbox.settitle(_translate("form", "接受区")) self.verticalgroupbox_2.settitle(_translate("form", "发送区")) self.s3__send_text.sethtml(_translate("form", "<!doctype html public \"-//w3c//dtd html 4.0//en\" \"http://www.w3.org/tr/rec-html40/strict.dtd\">\n""<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n""p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n""</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'simsun\'; font-size:9pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n""<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">123456</p></body></html>")) self.s3__send_button.settext(_translate("form", "发送")) self.s3__clear_button.settext(_translate("form", "清除")) self.formgroupbox1.settitle(_translate("form", "串口状态")) self.label.settext(_translate("form", "已接收：")) self.label_2.settext(_translate("form", "已发送：")) self.hex_send.settext(_translate("form", "hex发送")) self.hex_receive.settext(_translate("form", "hex接收")) self.s2__clear_button.settext(_translate("form", "清除")) self.timer_send_cb.settext(_translate("form", "定时发送")) self.lineedit_3.settext(_translate("form", "1000")) self.dw.settext(_translate("form", "ms/次")) |
以上这篇使用python3+pyqt5+pyserial 实现简单的串口工具方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持开心学习网。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/windowsyun/article/details/80001488