pythonhtml文件分析
对Python3 解析html的几种操作方式小结html">解析html是爬虫后的重要的一个处理数据的环节。一下记录解析html的几种方式。
先介绍基础的辅助函数，主要用于获取html并输入解析后的结束
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#把传递解析函数，便于下面的修改def get_html(url, paraser=bs4_paraser): headers = { 'Accept': '*/*', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch', 'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8', 'Host': 'www.360kan.com', 'Proxy-Connection': 'keep-alive', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/52.0.2743.116 Safari/537.36' } request = urllib2.Request(url, headers=headers) response = urllib2.urlopen(request) response.encoding = 'utf-8' if response.code == 200: data = StringIO.StringIO(response.read()) gzipper = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=data) data = gzipper.read() value = paraser(data) # open('E:/h5/haPkY0osd0r5UB.html').read() return value else: pass value = get_html('http://www.360kan.com/m/haPkY0osd0r5UB.html', paraser=lxml_parser)for row in value: print row |
1，lxml.html的方式进行解析，
The lxml XML toolkit is a Pythonic binding for the C libraries libxml2 and libxslt. It is unique in that it combines the speed and XML feature completeness of these libraries with the simplicity of a native Python API, mostly compatible but superior to the well-known ElementTree API. The latest release works with all CPython versions from 2.6 to 3.5. See the introduction for more information about background and goals of the lxml project. Some common questions are answered in the FAQ. [官网](http://lxml.de/)
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def lxml_parser(page): data = [] doc = etree.HTML(page) all_li = doc.xpath('//li[@class="yingping-list-wrap"]') for row in all_li: # 获取每一个影评，即影评的item all_li_item = row.xpath('.//li[@class="item"]') # find_all('li', attrs={'class': 'item'}) for r in all_li_item: value = {} # 获取影评的标题部分 title = r.xpath('.//li[@class="g-clear title-wrap"][1]') value['title'] = title[0].xpath('./a/text()')[0] value['title_href'] = title[0].xpath('./a/@href')[0] score_text = title[0].xpath('./li/span/span/@style')[0] score_text = re.search(r'\d+', score_text).group() value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20 # 时间 value['time'] = title[0].xpath('./li/span[@class="time"]/text()')[0] # 多少人喜欢 value['people'] = int( re.search(r'\d+', title[0].xpath('./li[@class="num"]/span/text()')[0]).group()) data.append(value) return data |
2，使用BeautifulSoup，不多说了，大家网上找资料看看
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def bs4_paraser(html): all_value = [] value = {} soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') # 获取影评的部分 all_li = soup.find_all('li', attrs={'class': 'yingping-list-wrap'}, limit=1) for row in all_li: # 获取每一个影评，即影评的item all_li_item = row.find_all('li', attrs={'class': 'item'}) for r in all_li_item: # 获取影评的标题部分 title = r.find_all('li', attrs={'class': 'g-clear title-wrap'}, limit=1) if title is not None and len(title) > 0: value['title'] = title[0].a.string value['title_href'] = title[0].a['href'] score_text = title[0].li.span.span['style'] score_text = re.search(r'\d+', score_text).group() value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20 # 时间 value['time'] = title[0].li.find_all('span', attrs={'class': 'time'})[0].string # 多少人喜欢 value['people'] = int( re.search(r'\d+', title[0].find_all('li', attrs={'class': 'num'})[0].span.string).group()) # print r all_value.append(value) value = {} return all_value |
3，使用SGMLParser，主要是通过start、end tag的方式进行了，解析工程比较明朗，但是有点麻烦，而且该案例的场景不太适合该方法，（哈哈）
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class CommentParaser(SGMLParser): def __init__(self): SGMLParser.__init__(self) self.__start_li_yingping = False self.__start_li_item = False self.__start_li_gclear = False self.__start_li_ratingwrap = False self.__start_li_num = False # a self.__start_a = False # span 3中状态 self.__span_state = 0 # 数据 self.__value = {} self.data = [] def start_li(self, attrs): for k, v in attrs: if k == 'class' and v == 'yingping-list-wrap': self.__start_li_yingping = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'item': self.__start_li_item = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'g-clear title-wrap': self.__start_li_gclear = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'rating-wrap g-clear': self.__start_li_ratingwrap = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'num': self.__start_li_num = True def end_li(self): if self.__start_li_yingping: if self.__start_li_item: if self.__start_li_gclear: if self.__start_li_num or self.__start_li_ratingwrap: if self.__start_li_num: self.__start_li_num = False if self.__start_li_ratingwrap: self.__start_li_ratingwrap = False else: self.__start_li_gclear = False else: self.data.append(self.__value) self.__value = {} self.__start_li_item = False else: self.__start_li_yingping = False def start_a(self, attrs): if self.__start_li_yingping and self.__start_li_item and self.__start_li_gclear: self.__start_a = True for k, v in attrs: if k == 'href': self.__value['href'] = v def end_a(self): if self.__start_li_yingping and self.__start_li_item and self.__start_li_gclear and self.__start_a: self.__start_a = False def start_span(self, attrs): if self.__start_li_yingping and self.__start_li_item and self.__start_li_gclear: if self.__start_li_ratingwrap: if self.__span_state != 1: for k, v in attrs: if k == 'class' and v == 'rating': self.__span_state = 1 elif k == 'class' and v == 'time': self.__span_state = 2 else: for k, v in attrs: if k == 'style': score_text = re.search(r'\d+', v).group() self.__value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20 self.__span_state = 3 elif self.__start_li_num: self.__span_state = 4 def end_span(self): self.__span_state = 0 def handle_data(self, data): if self.__start_a: self.__value['title'] = data elif self.__span_state == 2: self.__value['time'] = data elif self.__span_state == 4: score_text = re.search(r'\d+', data).group() self.__value['people'] = int(score_text) passdef sgl_parser(html): parser = CommentParaser() parser.feed(html) return parser.data |
4,HTMLParaer，与3原理相识，就是调用的方法不太一样，基本上可以公用，
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class CommentHTMLParser(HTMLParser.HTMLParser): def __init__(self): HTMLParser.HTMLParser.__init__(self) self.__start_li_yingping = False self.__start_li_item = False self.__start_li_gclear = False self.__start_li_ratingwrap = False self.__start_li_num = False # a self.__start_a = False # span 3中状态 self.__span_state = 0 # 数据 self.__value = {} self.data = [] def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs): if tag == 'li': for k, v in attrs: if k == 'class' and v == 'yingping-list-wrap': self.__start_li_yingping = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'item': self.__start_li_item = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'g-clear title-wrap': self.__start_li_gclear = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'rating-wrap g-clear': self.__start_li_ratingwrap = True elif k == 'class' and v == 'num': self.__start_li_num = True elif tag == 'a': if self.__start_li_yingping and self.__start_li_item and self.__start_li_gclear: self.__start_a = True for k, v in attrs: if k == 'href': self.__value['href'] = v elif tag == 'span': if self.__start_li_yingping and self.__start_li_item and self.__start_li_gclear: if self.__start_li_ratingwrap: if self.__span_state != 1: for k, v in attrs: if k == 'class' and v == 'rating': self.__span_state = 1 elif k == 'class' and v == 'time': self.__span_state = 2 else: for k, v in attrs: if k == 'style': score_text = re.search(r'\d+', v).group() self.__value['score'] = int(score_text) / 20 self.__span_state = 3 elif self.__start_li_num: self.__span_state = 4 def handle_endtag(self, tag): if tag == 'li': if self.__start_li_yingping: if self.__start_li_item: if self.__start_li_gclear: if self.__start_li_num or self.__start_li_ratingwrap: if self.__start_li_num: self.__start_li_num = False if self.__start_li_ratingwrap: self.__start_li_ratingwrap = False else: self.__start_li_gclear = False else: self.data.append(self.__value) self.__value = {} self.__start_li_item = False else: self.__start_li_yingping = False elif tag == 'a': if self.__start_li_yingping and self.__start_li_item and self.__start_li_gclear and self.__start_a: self.__start_a = False elif tag == 'span': self.__span_state = 0 def handle_data(self, data): if self.__start_a: self.__value['title'] = data elif self.__span_state == 2: self.__value['time'] = data elif self.__span_state == 4: score_text = re.search(r'\d+', data).group() self.__value['people'] = int(score_text) passdef html_parser(html): parser = CommentHTMLParser() parser.feed(html) return parser.data |
3,4对于该案例来说确实是不太适合，趁现在有空记录下来，功学习使用！
以上这篇对Python3 解析html的几种操作方式小结就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持开心学习网。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yilovexing/article/details/79675672