Hello everyone, and welcome back to English with Lucy.，我来为大家科普一下关于一般现在时和正在进行时的语法 语法干货-现在完成时?下面希望有你要的答案，我们一起来看看吧!
一般现在时和正在进行时的语法 语法干货-现在完成时
Hello everyone, and welcome back to English with Lucy.
大家好，欢迎回到跟着 Lucy 学英语。
Today, I have got a grammar lesson for you.
今天，我为你们准备了一堂语法课。
We are going to be looking at two very similar and confusing tenses.
我们要学习两个非常相似且令人困惑的时态。
I know that a lot of my students struggle with these.
我知道很多我的学生为此而苦苦挣扎。
Take a look at these two sentences.
看一下这两个句子。
I have lived in England for three years.
我在英格兰生活了三年。
I have been living in England for three years.
我在英格兰生活了三年。
Do they mean the same thing?
它们是一个意思吗？
Today we are looking at the present perfect, and the present perfect continuous.
今天，我们要学习现在完成时和现在完成进行时。
In some situations, they mean the same thing, and in other situations, they mean different things.
在某些情况下，它们的意思是相同的，在其他情况下它们的意思不同。
There's a lot to cover in this lesson, but I want to let you know that to further help your understanding and your learning journey, I have created a free PDF that goes with this lesson.
这节课有很多要讲的内容，但我想告诉你，为了进一步帮助你理解和学习历程，我给这节课制作了一个免费的 PDF。
It's got everything we're going to cover, and it's got a quiz so you can check your understanding.
里面有我们要讲的一切内容，还有有一个测验，这样你就可以检查你的理解了。
If you would like to receive this PDF and quiz for free, all you've got to do is click on the link in the description box.
如果你想免费收到这个 PDF 和测验，你需要做的就是点击描述栏中链接。
You enter your name and your email address.
输入姓名和电子邮件地址。
You sign up to my mailing list, and I send the PDF and quiz directly to your inbox.
注册到我的邮件列表，然后我会把 PDF 和测验直接发送到你的收件箱。
And then, because you're signed up to my mailing list, every week, you will receive my lesson PDF and quiz, as soon as it becomes available.
然后，因为你已注册到我的邮件列表，每周只要能用了，你都将收到我的课程 PDF 和测验。
It's automatic and convenient.
它是自动且方便的。
Before we get started, I'd just like to thank the sponsor of today's video.
在开始之前，我想感谢今天视频的赞助商。
It is Lingoda, Europe's number one trusted language school, with their Language Sprint.
那就是 Lingoda，欧洲排名第一的值得信赖的语言学校，以及他们的语言冲刺计划。
With the Sprint, you can learn to speak English confidently in just three months, gain 100% of your money back, and gain free access to the Cambridge Online Speaking Test.
通过冲刺计划，你可以在短短三个月内学会自信地说英语，获得100％的退款，并免费参加剑桥在线口语考试。
You just need to take one of their 24/7 language classes every day for three months, and get your course fees completely refunded.
你只需要选一门他们全年无休的语言课程每天学习，连续三个月，你就能得到全部课程费用的退款。
Click on the link in the description box to check the dates for this Sprint, but be quick, because if the spaces fill, or the deadline passes, you will miss out.
点击描述栏中的链接检查这次冲刺活动的日期，但要快一点，因为如果学位被填满了，或者期限过了，那么你就错过了。
You can join the Sprint in English, French, German, Spanish and business English, from beginner to advanced level.
你可以加入 英文，法文，德文，西班牙文和商务英语的冲刺活动，难度从初级到高级。
The Super Sprint offers a 100% refund upon completion.
超级冲刺在完成后提供 100％ 退款。
And there is also the lighter, Regular Sprint option, which offers a 50% refund.
还有更简单一点的，常规冲刺活动，它提供 50％ 的退款。
I'm really happy to share this opportunity with you, because I have had firsthand experience of how effective the Lingoda language challenges can be.
我很高兴跟你分享这个机会，因为我亲身体验过 Lingoda 语言挑战的效果。
They have transformed many of my students' lives.
它们改变了我许多学生的生活。
They love Lingoda, because they can interact in small groups with amazing, qualified teachers.
他们喜欢 Lingoda，因为他们可以在小班里 与优秀的有资质的教师互动。
Over 40,000 people have participated in the previous language challenges, with many of them able to get new jobs, and to overcome their fear of speaking.
超过 40，000 人参加了以前的语言挑战，他们中的许多人能够找到新工作，并克服他们对说话的恐惧。
I joined one of the Lingoda student Facebook groups, and I was blown away by the amount of students celebrating their fluency transformations and their refunds.
我参加了 Lingoda 学生的一个 Facebook 小组，我惊叹地看到很多学生都在庆祝他们的语言流利度的转变以他们收到的退款。
So how can you participate?
那你怎么参加呢？
Sign up for the Sprint before the deadline, You can use my code CHANGE50 for 10 Euros off.
在截止日期之前报名参加冲刺活动，你可以使用我的代码 CHANGE50 获得 10 欧元的折扣。
Lingoda will refund your tuition fee in full if you attend the agreed number of classes within each Sprint month by following the contest rules.
如果你遵守比赛规则，在每个冲刺月份都参加了规定数量的课程，那么 Lingoda 将全额退还你的学费。
Remember, places in the Sprint are limited.
请记住，冲刺活动的席位有限。
This is a language school, places fill up.
这是一所语言学校，学位会满。
So, you have the link in the description box, you have my 10 Euro code, CHANGE50, what are you waiting for?
因此，描述栏里有链接，有我的 10 欧元代码 CHANGE50，你还在等什么？
Let's get started with the lesson.
我们开始上课吧。
We use the present perfect and the present perfect continuous for both finished and unfinished actions.
我们用现在完成时现在完成进行时表示完成和未完成的动作。
Let's take a quick look at how we form them, before we start comparing them.
我们在开始比较它们之前快速看一下它们的构成。
So the present perfect is, have/has plus the past participle.
因此，现在完成时由 have/ has 加上过去分词。
I have worked.
我工作了。
The negative, have and has plus not plus the past participle, I have not worked.
否定形式是，have/ has 加上 not，加上过去分词，我还没有工作。
And as a question, have or has, plus the subject, plus the past participle.
在问句中，have 或 has，加上主语，加上过去分词。
Have I worked?
我工作了吗？
Now let's take a look at how we form the present perfect continuous.
现在我们来看看现在完成进行时的构成。
The positive is, has or has, plus been, plus verb ING.
肯定句是 has 或 has加上 been，加上动词 ING。
I have been working.
我一直在工作。
The negative, we just put in a not.
否定句中我们就加一个 not。
Has or have not been verb ING.
是否动词ING。
I have not been working.
我没有一直在工作。
And as a question, we have has or have, plus subject, plus been, plus verb ING.
在疑问句中，我们有 has 或 have，再加上主语，再加上 been，再加上动词 ING。
Have I been working?
我一直在工作吗？
It's important to note that we cannot use the present perfect continuous with stative verbs.
重要的是要注意我们不能把现在完成进行时跟状态动词连用。
Stative verbs don't refer to a physical action.
状态动词指的不是身体上的动作。
They express something that is permanent.
它们表达的是永久性的东西。
They express a state or a condition.
它们表示的是一种状态或条件。
To like, to love, to believe, to know, to understand.
喜欢，爱，相信，知道，了解。
You can say, I've known her for years.
你可以说，我认识她很多年了。
You cannot say, I've been knowing her for years.
你不能说，我一直认识她好多年了。
You can say, I've been here for a while.
你可以说，我已经来了一段时间。
You cannot say, I've been being here for a while.
你不能说，我一直在这里呆了一段时间了。
Just so that's clear.
这样就很清楚了。
We can use the present perfect and the present perfect continuous to talk about actions, unfinished actions that started in the past, and are still true now.
我们可以用现在完成时和现在完成进行时谈论动作，从过去开始的未完成的但现在仍然进行的动作。
We often use them with since and for.
我们经常将它们与since 和 for 连用。
I have lived in England for three years.
我在英格兰生活了三年。
I have been studying English since 2003.
自 2003 年以来，我一直在学习英语。
I've been studying English since 2017.
自 2017 年以来，我一直在学习英语。
Now, sometimes, especially with the verbs study, live, and work, there is no real difference in meaning between the two.
现在，有时，尤其是使用动词学习，生活，工作时，这两者的意思没有真正的区别。
I've lived in England for three years, I've been living in England for three years, they mean the same thing.
我在英国生活了三年，我已经在英国生活了三年，它们是一个意思。
I've studied English since 2017, I've been studying English since 2017.
我从 2017 年开始学习英语，自 2017 年以来我一直在学习英语。
Again, they mean the same thing.
同样地，它们也是同一回事。
She has worked here for six months.
她在这里工作了六个月。
She has been working here for six months.
她在这里一直工作了六个月。
Once again, they mean the same thing.
同样地，它们是一回事。
So I hope that clears up some of your doubts.
因此，我希望这能消除你的一些疑问。
Unfortunately, sometimes there is a difference in meaning between these two tenses, the present perfect, and the present perfect continuous.
不幸的是，有时现在完成时和现在完成时这两种时态的意思是会有所不同。
I'm going to discuss four situations where there is a difference in meaning.
我要讨论四种含义不同的情况。
Number one, the present perfect continuous can be used to emphasise the amount or length of time that has passed.
第一，现在完成进行时 可以用来强调经过的时间量或时间长度。
Whereas the present perfect is generally neutral.
而现在完成时通常是中性的。
It might sound complicated, but take a look at these two sentences.
这听起来可能很复杂，但请看这两个句子。
She's been working for hours.
她已经工作了几个小时。
She has worked for hours.
她已经工作了几个小时。
She's been working shows more emphasis about the hours that have passed.
“She's been working”更强调过去的这几个小时。
It's a very subtle difference, but it's there.
这是一个非常细微的差异，但是就是存在。
The second situation, the present perfect is commonly used to talk about how much or how many, but this is impossible with the present perfect continuous.
第二种情况，现在完成时通常被用来谈论有多少，但这对于现在完成进行时来说是不可能的。
Let me show you.
我来给你展示一下。
She has eaten three pieces of toast this morning.
她今天早上吃了三片吐司。
That sentence is perfectly fine.
这句话非常好。
Let's try it with the present perfect continuous.
让我们尝试一下用现在完成进行时来说这句话。
She has been eating three pieces of toast this morning.
她今天早上一直吃了三块烤面包。
It doesn't work.
这样说不行。
You can't use it.
你不能用。
He's drunk seven cups of coffee this morning.
今天早上他喝了七杯咖啡。
I hope not.
我希望不是。
Poor guy.
可怜的家伙。
You cannot say, he has been drinking seven cups of coffee this morning.
你不能说，他今天早上一直喝了七杯咖啡。
It has to be the present perfect when talking about how much or how many.
在谈论多少时只能使用现在完成时。
Let's take a look at the third situation.
我们看一下第三种情况。
The present perfect continuous often focuses on the action itself.
现在完成进行时往往专注于动作本身。
Whereas the present perfect focuses on the completion of the action.
而现在完成时专注于动作的完成。
Again, it's much easier to see this written out, than to listen to an explanation.
再说一遍，看它写出来比听解释要容易得多。
So I'll give you some examples.
所以我要给你一些例子。
Take a look at these two sentences.
看一下这两个句子。
I've been watching the TV series you recommended.
我一直在看你推荐的电视连续剧。
I've watched the TV series you recommended.
我看了你推荐的电视连续剧。
With the first one, I've been watching, I'm showing that I am still watching it.
在第一句中，我一直在看，我表明我仍在看它。
I haven't finished the action yet.
我还没有完成动作。
Whereas with the second one, I've watched, I'm telling you that I have finished watching it.
而在第二句中，我看了，我是在告诉你我已经看完了。
Sometimes it's not quite as obvious.
有时它并不那么明显。
She's been seeing a therapist.
她一直在看治疗师。
She's seen a therapist.
她看了治疗师。
With she's been seeing, it implies that her treatment is ongoing, she's still seeing that therapist.
说她一直在看，这意味着她的治疗正在进行中，她仍然在看那个治疗师。
She's seen a therapist means she seen one and now she may have stopped seeing one, or her treatment has ended.
她看了治疗师，意味着她看了一个，现在她可能已经没有去看了，或她的治疗已经结束。
Another thing to note is that with the present perfect, we can use yet and already.
另一件事要注意就是在现在完成时中我们可以使用 yet 和 already。
I know lots of you struggle with for, since, yet, and already.
我知道你们很多人觉得 for，since，yet，和 already很难。
We've discussed for and since.
我们已经讨论了 for 和 since。
Now, yet and already.
现在来讨论 yet 和 already。
I have seen the film already, or I've already seen the film.
I have seen the film already，或者 I've already seen the film（我已经看过电影了）。
You can put already at the end, or you can put it between have or has and the participle.
你可以把 already 放在最后或在 have/has 和分词之间。
I have already seen.
我已经看过了。
A common mistake that I hear is I have seen already the film.
我听到的一个常见错误是I have seen already the film。
We would understand you, but it doesn't quite sound right.
我们会理解你的，但这听起来不太正确。
And yet, this goes at the end.
而 yet，这个词放在最后。
Have you seen the film yet?
你看了电影吗？
No, I haven't seen it yet.
不，我还没看。
You can put yet between have/has and the participle.
你可以把 yet 放在 have/has 和分词之间。
I haven't yet seen it.
我还没看过。
But it sounds quite old fashioned.
但这听起来很老套。
I haven't yet gone, I haven't yet seen it.
我还没走，我还没看。
It sounds nice, it sounds very formal and old fashioned.
这听起来不错，听起来很正式且老套。
Like you'd read in an old book.
就像你在读一本旧书一样。
In the question form, it doesn't sound right at all.
在疑问句中，这听起来完全不对。
Have you yet seen the film?
Have you yet seen the film？
No, don't use that.
不，不要这么说。
Sometimes we use the difference between the present perfect and the present perfect continuous to talk about different kinds of results in the present.
有时我们会使用现在完成时和现在完成进行时之间的差别来谈论现在的不同结果。
Again, it's much easier to see this in an example, so I will provide those.
再次，在例子中看会简单得多，所以我提供了例句。
I've done all of my chores, so I can come out tonight.
我已经做完了所有家务，所以我今晚可以出来。
We use the present perfect when the result comes from the action being finished.
如果结果源于已经完成的动作，我们会使用现在完成时。
I can come out tonight because I've finished my chores.
我今晚可以出来，因为我已经完成了家务事。
It's completed.
它完成了。
I've been doing my chores, so I'm exhausted.
我一直在做家务，所以筋疲力尽。
We use the present perfect continuous when the result comes from doing the action itself.
如果结果源于动作本身，我们使用现在完成进行时。
I am exhausted from carrying out all of my chores.
做家务累死我了。
Another example, I've prepared a big dinner, so you can come over.
另一个例子，我准备了丰盛的晚餐，这样你就可以过来了。
I've been preparing a big dinner, so all of my pans are dirty.
我一直在准备丰盛的晚餐，所以我所有的锅都脏了。
My pans are dirty as a result of the preparation, but you can come over because I've finished preparing the dinner.
由于准备工作，我的锅脏了，但是你可以过来，因为我已经准备好晚餐了。
In the first example, with the present perfect, you can come over, because I've finished preparing my dinner.
在第一个例句中使用了现在完成时，表示你可以过来，因为我已经准备好晚餐了。
In the second example, with the present perfect continuous, all of my pans are dirty, because of the preparation of my dinner, the action of doing it.
在第二个例句中使用了现在完成进行时，表示我所有的锅都脏了，因为我准备晚餐，因为这个动作。
Finally, we can use the present perfect continuous to talk about situations that aren't permanent.
最后，我们可以使用现在完成进行时来谈论不是永久的情况。
Things that are not usual.
不平常的事情。
I've been sleeping badly.
我一直睡不好。
I don't normally sleep badly, but recently, I've been sleeping badly.
我通常不会睡不好但是最近，我一直睡不好。
Normally I buy lunch at the canteen, but I've been bringing lunch from home.
我通常在食堂买午餐，但我一直从家里带午餐。
I've been getting up early to work out.
我一直早起锻炼。
I don't usually do this, but recently, I have been doing this.
我通常不这样做，但是最近，我一直在这样做。
Right, that is the grammar explanation.
是的，以上就是语法解释。
Those are the differences between the present perfect and the present perfect continuous.
这些是现在完成时和现在完成进行时之间的差异。
Now it's time to check your understanding.
现在该检查你的理解了。
I have created a quiz.
我创建了一个测验。
It's in the PDF I've created that covers everything in this lesson.
就在我制作的涵盖了本课程中的所有内容的 PDF 中。
I know it's been a complicated lesson, so I hope having some notes will help you.
我知道这节课有点复杂，所以我希望笔记对你会有帮助。
If you'd like to download it for free, just click on the link in the description box, enter your name and email address.
如果你想免费下载，只需点击描述栏中的链接，输入你的姓名和电子邮件地址。
You sign up to my mailing list, and I send it directly to your inbox.
你注册到我的邮件列表，然后我会直接发送到你的收件箱。
And then after that, every week, as soon as my lessons and PDFs are available, I'll send them straight to you.
之后，每周我的课程和 PDF 可用后，我会直接将它们发送给你。
Just a reminder, if you want to improve your listening skills and your vocabulary skills, I have a vlogging channel, where I document my daily life here on an English farm.
提醒一下，如果你想提高听力技巧还有你的词汇能力，我有一个视频博客频道，在那里我记录了我在一个英国农场的日常生活。
Every single vlog is fully subtitled for your understanding, so you can pick up lots of new vocabulary words, maybe watch it without subtitles, see how much you understand, and then review again with subtitles.
每个 vlog 都有完整的字幕方便你理解，这样你就可以学习很多新的词汇，也许可以不用字幕观看，看看你能理解多少，然后再看字幕。
Use them however you wish.
请随时使用它们。
Don't forget to connect with me on social media.
别忘了在社交媒体上与我联系。
I've got my Instagram, which is @Lucy, and I've got my website, englishwithlucy. co. uk, where I have a fantastic pronunciation tool.
我有我的 INS，账号是 @Lucy，我有我的网站 englishwithlucy.co.uk，在这里，我有一个很棒的发音工具。
I am still very excited by it.
我仍然对此感到非常兴奋。
You can click on words containing those phonemes, and hear me say them too.
你可以点击包含那些音素的单词，然后听我读。
Ee, no, er.
Ee，no，er。
I will see you soon for another lesson.
我们下节课再见。
Has or have, plus subject, plus B.
Has 或 have，再加上主语，再加上B。
I'm struggling here.
这里好难。
We cannot use the present perfect conditional.
我们不能使用现在完成条件句。
Conditional, sorry.
条件句，对不起。
We can use them with sinth.
我们可以把它们跟 sinth 连用。
Sinth?
Sinth？
Have I pronounced stative correctly?
我 stative 发音正确吗？
Yeah, stative.
是的，stative。
Look at me, doubting myself.
看着我，怀疑自己。
'Cause I'm scarred with people calling me out on the internet.
因为我很怕人们在网上质疑我。
Okay.
好吧。
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