- (a case of) dog eat dog
残酷无情的竞争；损人利己的角逐；相互残杀
a situation in business, politics, etc. where there is a lot of competition and people are willing to harm each other in order to succeed
I'm afraid in this line of work it's a case of dog eat dog.
恐怕在这种行业中竞争是残酷无情的。
We're operating in a dog-eat-dog world.
我们是在一个残酷竞争的世界里立足。
- a dog in the manger
占马槽的狗；占着茅坑不拉屎的人
a person who stops other people from enjoying what he or she cannot use or does not want
特别注意，最后一个单词manger 不是manager。
manger
英 [ˈmeɪndʒə(r)] 美 [ˈmeɪndʒər]
n. （马、牛）食槽
A manger is a low, open container which cows, horses, and other animals feed from when indoors. (牛、马等动物的)食槽
这个表达最早出现于《伊索寓言》。一匹马和一只牛正在马厩里吃草，一条凶悍的狗跑进来，要马和牛都走开。马和牛对它说：狗是不吃草的呀！这条狗却蛮不讲理地说：我是不吃草，我不吃的东西也不能让你们白吃！马和牛觉得不惹不起这头凶狠的狗，就只能走开，那条狗自己占着马厩，却也不吃草！
- a dog's breakfast/dinner
(BrE, informal) 乱七八糟；一团糟
a thing that has been done badly
同义词： mess
He's made a real dog's breakfast of these accounts.
他把这些账目简直搞得一塌糊涂。
- a dog's life
悲惨的生活；牛马不如的生活
an unhappy life, full of problems or unfair treatment
孔子适郑，与弟子相失，孔子独立东郭门。郑人或谓子贡曰：“东门有人，其颊似尧，其项类皋陶，其肩类子产，然自腰以下不及禹三寸，累累若丧家之狗。”
这句习语源于16世纪，在当时，狗的生活非常悲惨憋屈。有这样的一句谚语：
It's a dog's life, hunger and ease.
随着时间的发展，人们就把这句习语引申为了“不快乐的生活”这样的含义了。这句习语前通常跟动词lead，即“lead a dog's life”，用于表示“活得很不快乐，过着悲惨的生活”。
Mike has been leading a dog's lifesince he got divorced.
迈克自从离婚后就一直过着困苦的生活。
- every dog has his/its day
(saying) 人人皆有得意时
everyone has good luck or success at some point in their life
“就算你留恋开放在水中娇艳的水仙,别忘了寂寞的山谷的角落里,野百合也有春天……”
Don’t despair. Be patient. Remember every dog has his day!
别绝望。要有耐心，别忘了风水轮流转
- give a dog a bad name
(saying) 恶名难洗；名声一毁，万难挽回
when a person already has a bad reputation, it is difficult to change it because others will continue to blame or suspect him/her
Give a dog a bad name and hang him
"name"应该是名誉的意思。“hang”这个地方应该是绞死的意思。直译是搞坏一只狗的名字，然后把它绞死。意译是“欲加之罪何患无辞”或者“流言可畏”
- go to the dogs
also go to hell in a handbasket
(informal) 败落；大不如前
to get into a very bad state
This firm's gone to the dogs since the new management took over.
这个公司自新的管理人员接手以来日渐衰败。
The employee can’t get paid and this company is going to the dogs. 这家公司的员工领不了工资,公司已经不行了
- not have a dog's chance
毫无机会；绝无可能
to have no chance at all
He hasn't a dog's chance of passing the exam.
他根本不可能通过这次考试。
- why keep a dog and bark yourself?
(informal, saying) 既然有人代劳，何必自己操劳
if sb can do a task for you, there is no point in doing it yourself
My mother always cleans the house before the cleaning lady comes, but why keep a dog and bark yourself?
我妈总是在保洁员来之前把家里打扫得干干净净，既然花钱雇人，为何还亲自动手？
- the hair of the dog (that bit you)
(informal) 用于解宿醉的酒
alcohol that you drink in order to make you feel better when you have drunk too much alcohol the night before
1898年，埃比尼泽·科巴姆·布鲁尔在《成语与寓言词典》中写道：
In Scotland it is a popular belief that a few hairs of the dog that bit you applied to the wound will prevent evil consequences. Applied to drinks, it means, if overnight you have indulged too freely, take a glass of the same wine within 24 hours to soothe the nerves. 'If this dog do you bite, soon as out of your bed, take a hair of the tail the next day.
所以，同样的，当你宿醉，想解酒，就用喝“解醉酒”的方法来“以毒攻毒”，所以这句习语的意思就引申为“解宿醉的酒，解醉酒”的意思了。不过，我们要注意的是，少量的酒精也许能暂时缓解，但从长远来看，这可能会使宿醉更严重。
- be raining cats and dogs
(informal) 下倾盆大雨
to be raining heavily
有种说法算是普遍被接受的，就是16世纪的欧洲，农民们的房子多是茅草盖的，所以猫啊狗啊等小动物就爬到茅草屋房顶上搭窝。雨下得很大的时候，猫狗就会从房顶上掉下来，形成raining cats and dogs（下小猫小狗）的说法
- (as) sick as a dog
(informal) 病得很重；呕吐得厉害
feeling very ill/sick; vomiting a lot
I haven't been avoiding you, I've just been sick as a dog.
我不是在躲你,我只是病得很厉害
- let sleeping dogs lie
(saying) 过去的事就不要再提了；不要没事找事
to avoid mentioning a subject or sth that happened in the past, in order to avoid any problems or arguments
Why can't she let sleeping dogs lie?
为什么她就不能不多事？
- the tail (is) wagging the dog
（用以描述次要部分影响和支配主要部分）主次颠倒，喧宾夺主
used to describe a situation in which the most important aspect is being influenced and controlled by sb/sth that is not as important
We should keep the tail from wagging the dog to deal with all the things.
我们在处理任何事情的时候都要记得顾全大局。
- (you can't) teach an old dog new tricks
(saying) 老大（不）可教；（无法）改变人们长时间形成的思想（或做事方法等）
(you cannot) successfully make people change their ideas, methods of work, etc., when they have had them for a long time
“you can't teach an old dog new tricks”是个比喻性短语，字面意思是老狗学不会新把戏，用来比喻你很难使因循守旧的人接受新事物。
My father will never change：you can't teach an old dog new tricks.
我爸爸永远不会改变，真是老狗学不会新花样。
