精选:九年级中考英语助动词、be/have用法详解

中考英语动词汇总讲解(九年级中考英语助动词)(1)

5.2 什么是助动词

1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。

助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:

He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:

a. 表示时态,例如:

He is singing. 他在唱歌。

He has got married. 他已结婚。

b. 表示语态,例如:

He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

c. 构成疑问句,例如:

Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?

Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:

I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。

e. 加强语气,例如:

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

3) 最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would

5.3 助动词be的用法

1) be 现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:

They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。

English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。

2) be 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:

The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。

English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。

3) be 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:

 a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如:

He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。

We are to teach the freshpersons. 我们要教新生。

说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。

 b. 表示命令,例如:

You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。

He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。

 c. 征求意见,例如:

How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他?

Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢?

 d. 表示相约、商定,例如:

We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。

5.4 助动词have的用法

1)have 过去分词,构成完成时态,例如:

He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。

By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 

上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。

2)have been 现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如:

I have been studying English for ten years.

我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。

3)have been 过去分词,构成完成式被动语态,例如:

English has been taught in China for many years.

中国教英语已经多年。

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