* 用英语自身来理解和学习英语是最好的方式，《英读廊》是《满庭说英语》中的拓展阅读系列，这一系列的文章力求帮助大家在英语阅读能力上有所提升，并树立英语思维；* 推荐的阅读的方法是：先原文，适当看解析阅读，还有疑惑再看双语对照。* 解析中英语单词的音标使用Dictcom和IPA双音标标注，如果需要了解Dictcom音标，请参看我们的《dictionary.com所用的音标体系》一文。* 本篇文章难度系数9.7，由《小仙英语伴读》人工智能难度分析系统提供评分。
#英语思维#
【编者按】不要被今天的难度系数吓倒，熟悉了几个医学专业词汇后，其他的就一马平川。
How exactly is type 1 diabetes different from type 2 diabetes?【译】1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病到底有什么不同？【单词】exactly [ig-'zakt-lee][ɪɡ'zæktli] adv. 精确地；确切地；完全地；严密地；正是【单词】diabetes [dahy-uh-'bee-tis, -teez][ˌdaɪə'biːtiːz] n. 糖尿病，注意这不是一个复数形式，而是不可数名词
I was diagnosed with type 1 a few weeks ago, and my specialist tried explaining it to me but I still don't really understand the difference.【译】几周前我被诊断为1型，我的专家试图向我解释，但我还是不太明白两者的区别。【短语】a few 少量，一点点；few与a few 的区别是，a few：一点点，用于修饰可数名词，肯定用法，表示还是有一些的。例如：There are a few apples on the table. 桌子上有几个苹果。 few：用于可数名词，否定用法，表示几乎没有。例如：There are few apples on the table. 桌子上几乎没苹果…【单词】diagnosed 原型：diagnose ['dahy-uhg-nohs, -nohz]['daɪəɡnəʊz] v. 判断；诊断(疾病)【单词】specialist 名词 ['spesh-uh-list]['speʃəlɪst] n. 专家；专科医生；专食性动物【单词】explaining 原型：explain 动词现在进行式或动名词 [ik-'spleyn][ɪk'spleɪn] v. 说明；解释
With Type-1, your pancreas doesn't produce any insulin.【译】得了1型糖尿病，你的胰腺不会产生任何胰岛素。【单词】pancreas 名词复数形式 ['pan-kree-uhs, 'pang-]['pæŋkriəs] n. 胰脏【单词】insulin 名词 ['in-suh-lin, 'ins-yuh-]['ɪnsjəlɪn] n. 胰岛素
Frequently this occurs when your immune system overreacts to an illness & attacks your pancreas.【译】当你的免疫系统对某种疾病反应过度并攻击你的胰腺时，通常会发生这种情况。【短语】take over 表示“接管；接收”。如：I intend you to take over. 我打算让你来接管。【单词】frequently ['free-kwuhnt-lee]['friːkwəntli] adv. 频繁地；经常地【单词】occurs 原型：occur [uh-'kur][ə'kɜː] vi. 发生；存在；出现；想到【单词】immune 形容词 [ih-'myoon][ɪ'mjuːn] adj. 免疫的；免除的【单词】overreacts 名词复数形式 [oh-ver-ree-'akt][ˌəʊvəri'ækt] v. 反应过度【单词】illness 名词复数形式 ['il-nis]['ɪlnəs] n. 病；疾病【单词】attacks 原型：attack [uh-'tak][ə'tæk] n. 攻击；抨击 v. 攻击；抨击；发动攻击；（疾病）侵袭
With Type-2, your pancreas produces an insufficient amount of insulin and/or the insulin it produces is ineffective.【译】对于2型糖尿病，你的胰腺产生的胰岛素量不足和/或它产生的胰岛素无效。【单词】insufficient 形容词 [in-suh-'fish-uhnt][ˌɪnsə'fɪʃnt] adj. 不足的【单词】ineffective 形容词 [in-i-'fek-tiv][ˌɪnɪ'fektɪv] adj. 无效的；无能的；效率低的
Frequently caused by diet and/or a sedentary lifestyle.【译】经常由饮食和/或久坐不动的生活方式引起。【单词】diet ['dahy-it]['daɪət] n. 日常食物；规定饮食；节食【单词】sedentary 形容词 ['sed-n-ter-ee]['sedntri] adj. 久坐的；固定不动的【单词】lifestyle 名词 ['lahyf-stahyl]['laɪfstaɪl] n. 生活方式
Type 1 is also called "juvenile diabetes" as it classically onset in mid-childhood.【译】1型糖尿病也被称为“青少年糖尿病”，因为它通常发生在儿童中期。【单词】juvenile ['joo-vuh-nl, -nahyl]['dʒuːvənaɪl] adj. 青少年的；幼稚的【单词】classically ['klas-i-kuhl]['klæsɪkli] adv. 古典主义地；拟古地；正规地，传统地；典型地【单词】onset 名词 ['on-set, 'awn-]['ɒnset] n. 攻击；进攻；开始
As others have noted the pancreas quickly shuts down and ends up not producing any insulin, which is needed to break down the sugars your body needs to get nutrition from food.【译】正如人们注意到的那样，胰腺很快就关闭，最终不产生任何胰岛素，而胰岛素是分解人体从食物中获取营养所需的糖分所必需的。【单词】shuts 原型：shut [shuht][ʃʌt] v. 关闭；合拢；停止 adj. 关闭的；停止营业的【单词】break [breyk][breɪk] v. 打碎；折断；违背；解决；中断；透露；变弱；锐减；结束【单词】sugars 原型：sugar ['shoo g-er]['ʃʊɡə] n. 糖【单词】nutrition [noo-'trish-uh n, nyoo-][nju'trɪʃn] n. 营养
This is overly simplified, but you will need to monitor your blood sugar and either eat/drink (to raise your blood sugar) or inject or program a small insulin pump (to lower your blood sugar) in order to regulate your body function.【译】这解释得过于简化了，但是你需要监测你的血糖，吃/喝（提高你的血糖），或注射或准备好使用一个小胰岛素泵（降低你的血糖），以调节你的身体功能。【用法】in order to 意为“为了……”，表示目的；在用法和意义上相当于so as to结构，但是in order to结构可以用于句首、句中，而so as to多用于句中。其否定式分别为：in order not to 和so as not to。in order to在句中表示目的时，常可以转化成in order that。如：We should work hard in order to pass the exam.=We should work hard in order that we can pass the exam.【单词】overly 副词 ['oh-ver-lee]['əʊvəli] adv. 过度地；极度地【单词】simplified 原型：simplify ['sim-pluh-fahy]['sɪmplɪfaɪ] vt. 简化；使简单【单词】monitor 动词原形 ['mon-i-ter]['mɒnɪtə] v. 监视；监督；监听 n. 班长；监视器；监听员【单词】raise [reyz][reɪz] n. 上升；增高；高地 vt. 升起；举起；饲养；提出；引起；筹集，募集【单词】inject 动词原形 [in-'jekt][ɪn'dʒekt] v. 注射；注入；引入；插入【单词】program ['proh-gram, -gruh m]['prəʊɡræm] vt. 编制程序；安排；指定【单词】pump [puhmp][pʌmp] n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒；抽水；打气 v. 打气【单词】regulate ['reg-yuh-leyt]['reɡjuleɪt] vt. 调整；校准；管理；控制【单词】function ['fuhngk-shuh n]['fʌŋkʃn] n. 职务；功能
This is different from Type 2 in that your body doesn't and can't produce insulin.【译】这与2型不同，你的身体不能也不能产生胰岛素。
In a person with Type 2 diabetes, the pancreas usually can produce insulin, but the person's body has trouble using it or producing enough of it to properly regulate blood sugar.【译】患有2型糖尿病的人，胰腺通常可以产生胰岛素，但这个人的身体在使用或产生足够的胰岛素来适当调节血糖方面有困难。【单词】trouble ['truhb-uhl]['trʌbl] n. 困难；烦恼；麻烦 v. 使烦恼；麻烦；苦恼；费神【单词】properly ['prop-er]['prɒpəli] adv. 适当地；正确地；完全地【单词】regulate ['reg-yuh-leyt]['reɡjuleɪt] vt. 调整；校准；管理；控制
Type 2 diabetes can also sometimes be helped with diet and, in some cases, weight loss.【译】2型糖尿病有时也可以通过饮食和减肥来减缓。【单词】weight [weyt][weɪt] n. 重量；体重；重任；重要 vt. 使 ... 负重；使倾斜
Type 1 diabetes cannot...without the possibility of insulin production in a Type 1 person's body no amount of care in the diet or weight loss will work.【译】1型糖尿病则不能…如果没有1型糖尿病患者体内产生胰岛素的可能性，那么饮食中的任何护理或减肥都不会奏效。【单词】possibility [pos-uh-'bil-i-tee][ˌpɒsə'bɪləti] n. 可能；可能性；可能的事情；潜在的价值【单词】production [pruh-'duhk-shuhn][prə'dʌkʃn] n. 生产；产量；作品；成果；
Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes can be managed, however, and people with diabetes typically can lead full and unhindered lives.【译】然而，1型和2型糖尿病都是可以治疗的，糖尿病患者通常可以过上充实而无障碍的生活。【单词】managed 原型：manage ['man-ij]['mænɪdʒ] v. 管理；经营；做成；设法对付；提供；有空【单词】typically ['tip-i-kuhl]['tɪpɪkli] adv. 典型地；代表性地；通常，一般；不出所料地【单词】unhindered [ʌn'hɪndəd] adj. 无阻的；不受阻碍的
There are a lot of technologies to make Type 1 diabetes manageable, and as you get comfortable with your new routine you'll begin to find what works for you and what doesn't.【译】有很多技术可以使1型糖尿病得到控制，当你适应新的生活习惯后，你会发现什么对你有效，什么对你无效。【单词】manageable 形容词 ['man-i-juh-buhl]['mænɪdʒəbl] adj. 易办的；易管理的；易控制的【单词】comfortable 形容词 ['kuhmf-tuh-buhl, 'kuhm-fer-tuh-buhl]['kʌmftəbl] adj. 舒适的；充裕的【单词】routine 形容词 [roo-'teen][ruː'tiːn] n. 例行公事；常规；无聊 adj. 常规的；例行的；乏味的
The important thing with diabetes (particularly Type 1) is the "constant gardener" type mindset.【译】糖尿病（尤其是1型糖尿病）最重要的一点是保持“永远的园丁”型心态。【单词】constant ['kon-stuhnt]['kɒnstənt] adj. 不变的；经常的 n. 常数；恒量【单词】gardener ['gahrd-ner]['ɡɑːdnə] n. 园丁；花匠【单词】mindset ['mahynd-set]['maɪndset] n. 精神状态；心态；意向
It turns into something you just do as part of your day, like making coffee in the morning or brushing your teeth before bed.【译】它变成了你每天做的事情，比如早上煮咖啡或睡前刷牙。【短语】part of ... （某事物的）一部分；例句：He received part of his education in England. 他有一部分教育是在英国接受的。【短语】turn into ... 变成，进入，转到...；例句：They turn into this street. 他们转入这条街上。【单词】coffee ['kaw-fee, 'kof-ee]['kɒfi] n. 咖啡；咖啡色【单词】brushing 原型：brush [bruhsh][brʌʃ] vt. 刷；掠过；轻触；擦；掸 vi. 轻擦；拂拭【单词】teeth 原型：tooth [tooth][tuːθ] n. 牙齿
The routine of checking blood sugar, adjusting insulin, and adjusting food intake is something that becomes second nature to a person with well-managed Type 1 diabetes.【译】检查血糖、调节胰岛素和调整食物摄入的日常工作对一个管理良好的1型糖尿病患者来说应当是第二天性。【单词】checking 原型：check [chek][tʃek] v. 检查【单词】adjusting 原型：adjust [uh-'juhst][ə'dʒʌst] v. 调整；校准；调节；使适应【单词】intake ['in-teyk]['ɪnteɪk] n. 吸入；招收；入口；通风口
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