副词词组与用法区分
⑴ as…as…常构成一些词组：
as soon as…(一旦…就…)
as well as…(同样)
as 形容词/副词 as possible(尽可能……地)。
如：Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)
Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)
[注释] “as long / much as 名词”可以表示“长达/多达…”的含义。
如：The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)
They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。)
⑵ later、after、ago、before的用法：
① “一段时间 later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态。
② “after/before 某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。
③ ago与before：ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。
如：He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)
Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)
Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗？)
After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。)
⑶ above、below、over、under的用法：
在上下方用above和below,
在高低处用over和under.
如：The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中)
A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。)
当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。
⑷ too、also、either、nor的用法：
too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；
also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；
either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；
nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首；
如：Are you American, too?(你也是美国人吗？)
He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。)
He didn’t watch the football game. Nor did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)
You can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。)
⑸ enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法：
enough (“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；
too(“太”)、very(“非常”)、quite(“相当”)、so(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,
very much(“非常”)放在动词之后。
如：It’s too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)
I don’t like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)
[注意] very与 much的区别：
very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词,
much修饰形容词和副词的比较级；
much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,very不可以。
如：He is very stupid.(他很笨)
The film was very moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了)
You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.
(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校)/ I don’t like him much.(我不太喜欢他)
⑹ sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time的用法：
sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时
sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时
some times(数次)表示次数
some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。
如：Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去)
I will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。)
I will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。)
⑺ how、what用于感叹句的用法：
对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how,
对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what.
如：What a fine day (it is) today!(今天天气真好！)
How difficult (the problem is)!((问题)真难呀！)
⑻ already、yet的用法：
在完成时中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句。
如：Have you done it already?(你已经做好了？)
I have not had my breakfast yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢。)
⑼ hard与hardly的用法：
hard作为副词意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,
hardly是否定词,意思是：“几乎不”,一般与情态动词can/could连用。
如：They study English very hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦)
You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰)
⑽ like...very much、like...better(=prefer)、like...best的用法：
三个短语分别表示“非常喜欢”、“更喜欢”、“最喜欢”。
如：I like baseball very much.(我非常喜欢棒球)
Do you like butter better than cheese?
They like hamburgers best.
⑾ “quite/what a 形容词 名词”的用法：
记住：quite/ such/ what... a 形容词 名词;
too/so/how 形容词 a 名词;
rather a 形容词 名词 = a rather 形容词 名词。
如：I have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我从未见过这样奇怪的家伙)
It is quite a nice day for a walk.(这真是散步的好日子)
⑿ how 的几个短语：
how often“多常,每隔多久”,用于一般时态,对表示频度的词语进行提问；
how soon“多久以后”,用于将来时态；
how long“多久”,用于过去时、完成时或其他时态；
how many times“多少次”,用于过去时或完成时,对总计次数进行提问；
how much“多么,多少”,对程度进行提问,也可以对数量(不可数)或金钱进行提问。
如：How long have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了？)
How often does he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次脸？)
⒀ much、more与most的用法：
这三个词除了是形容词作名词的修饰语之外,还是程度副词
much表示“很”,修饰原级形/副,
more表示“更”用来构成多音节形/副的比较级,
most表示“最”用来构成多音节形/副的最高级。
此外,much也可以修饰比较级形/副。
如：This park is much more beautiful than that one.(这个公园比那个漂亮多了)
It is the most instructive film I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最有教育意义的电影)
⒁ no more、no longer、not...any more、no...any longer的用法：
表示时间,可以用no longer、not...ny more、no...any longer,而且no longer只能放在谓语动词之前；
表示程度,可以用no more、not...any more.
如：He no longer lived there.(他不再住在那里)
Tom wanted no more cakes.(他不想再要蛋糕)
He didn’ t smoke any more/longer.(他不再抽烟)
⒂ 被动语态中,方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。
如：The runner was badly hurt.(赛跑运动员受了重伤)
English is widely spoken in the world today.(如今世界上英语说得很广泛)
⒃ too...to...与so...that...的问题：
副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词,to后面跟动词,that后面跟从句。
Too...to... (“太.……以致不……”)是否定的结构,用于简单句；
so...that...(“如此…以致…”)是肯定结构,用于复合句。
如：The child is too young to join the army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军)
He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱子。)
⒄ 既是形容词也是副词的单词有：
early, late, long, last, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。
如：It was a long holiday.(那是个长假)
He stayed there very long.(他在那儿呆了好久)
Think hard then you will find a way.(好好想你就会找到办法)
He is a very hard(难对付的) person.(他是个难玩的家伙)
⒅ farther与further的用法区别：
表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义,意思为“更远、较远”,但是further还表示“更多、进一步、额外”等意思,此时不能换为farther.
如：They decided to go farther/further the next day.(他们决定第二天走得再远些)
This problem will be further discussed.(这个问题还要进一步讨论)
Every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他们每个人大学毕业后继续进修)
⒆ rather与quite的用法区别：
同very一样,两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度
quite表示“不到最高程度但是比预料的好”,
rather比quite更接近very的含义,含有令人惊讶的意思。
对“nice”程度的描绘：
not nice (fairly) nice quite nice rather nice very nice
如：It’s quite a nice film.(这是部好片子)。(可能意味着不是一部最好的电影)
It’s rather a nice film.(这是部很不错的电影。)(意味着比大多数电影都好)
[注意]注意quite与rather后面的次序词序。
⒇ maybe、possibly、perhaps的区别：
maybe“可能、也许”,比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大；
possibly“可能地、或者、也许”,可能性较大,在否定句和疑问句中表示“无论如何”；
perhaps“可能”,较为常用而且正式,可能性也不大。
如：You could put it over there, maybe.(也许你可以把它放在那边)
I couldn’t possibly have finished such a long book in such a short time.
(我不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么长的一本书)
I thought perhaps it was the letter you have been expecting.(我以为那也许就是你期盼的信件)
(21) most、mostly的区别：
most作为形容词和名词时意思是“大多数的、大部分的”,作为副词时意思为“最,十分、很”；
mostly仅为副词,意思为“主要地、多半地、大部分地”。
如：I was at home most of the time when I was free.(我有空时大部分时间都在家)
Most children are naughty.(大部分的孩子都淘气)
This is the most exciting part of the film.(这是电影中最令人兴奋的部分)
She is mostly out on Sundays.(星期天她一般不在家)
(22) (be) worth、(be) worthy of的区别：
worth一般被看作是介词,后面接名词或者动名词,用主动表示被动含义,还可以用副词well修饰；
worthy of表示“值得的、配得上的”,后面跟动名词的被动形式。
如：What is worth doing at all is worth doing well(凡是值得做的,就值得好好去做).
The house is worth ￥300,000.(房子价值30万元)
This book is well worth reading several times.(这本书值得好好读几遍)
It is a thing worthy of being seen.(这是一个值得看的东西)
(23) almost、nearly的区别：
两个词意思相近,都表示“几乎、将近”,大多数情况下可以互换,与否定词连用时用almost不用nearly.
almost no 相当于hardly any(几乎没有)。
如：He had done almost nothing today.(他今天几乎没有干什么)
We are almost/nearly there.(我们几乎就到那里了)
Almost nobody/Hardly anybody understood his words.(几乎没有人懂他的话)
(24) a bit与a little的区别：
这两个名词短语经常当作副词使用,修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级,可以互换,语气比rather弱。如：This digital camera is a bit(a little) expensive.(这台数码相机有点贵)
It is a little(a bit) colder than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷了点)
另外,a little可以直接加不可数名词,a bit 则采用“a bit of 名词(不可数或可数名词复数)”的形式。
如：I have got a bit of a cold.(我有点感冒)
Go and get a little water for me, please.(请你去给我搞点水来)
[注意] not a bit(=not at all)意为“根本不”,而 not a little则意为“非常,不是一点”。
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