锻造的技术及锻造的种类3Technology and the type of forging，今天小编就来说说关于锻造成形工艺的分类及特点?下面更多详细答案一起来看看吧!
锻造成形工艺的分类及特点
锻造的技术及锻造的种类3
Technology and the type of forging
February 15, 2022
一般说来，铸件的力学性能低于同材质的锻件力学性能。此外，锻造加工能保证金属纤维组织的连续性，使锻件的纤维组织与锻件外形保持一致， 金属流线完整，可保证零件具有良好的力学性能与长的使用寿命。采用精密模锻、冷挤压、温挤压等工艺生产的锻件，都是铸件所无法比拟的。
Generally speaking, the mechanical properties of castings are lower than those of the same material of forgings.In addition, forging processing can ensure the continuity of metal fiber(n. 纤维（制品）；丝) texture, so that the fiber texture of the forging is same with the forging shape, metal streamline is complete, can ensure that the parts have good mechanical properties and long service life.Forgings produced by precision mold forging, cold extrusion, temperature extrusion and other processes are incomparable to castings.
飞机锻件Aircraft forgings
按重量计算，飞机上有85%左右的的构件是锻件。飞机发动机的涡轮盘、后轴颈(空心轴）、叶片、机翼的翼梁，机身的助筋板、轮支架、起落架的内外筒体等都是涉及飞机安全的重要锻件。飞机锻件多用高强度耐磨、耐蚀的铝合金、钛合金、镍基合金等贵重材料制造。为了节约材料和节约能源，飞机用锻件大都采用模锻或多向模锻压力机来生产。
By weight, about 85% of the components on the aircraft are forgings.The turbine disc of aircraft engine, rear axle neck (hollow shaft), blade, wing beam of wing, fuselage(机身） reinforcement plate, wheel bracket, and internal and external cylinder of landing gear are all important forgings related to aircraft safety.Aircraft forgings are mostly made of high-strength wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy, titanium（钛） alloy, nickel-based（镍基） alloy and other valuable materials.In order to save materials and energy, aircraft forgings are mostly produced by die forging or multi-directional die forging press.
汽车锻件Automobile forgings
按重量计算，汽车上有17%-19%的锻件。-般的汽车由车身、车箱、发动机、前桥、后桥、车架、变速箱、传动轴、转向系统等15个部件构成。汽车锻件的特点是外形复杂、重量轻、工况条件差、安全度要求高。如汽车发动机所使用的曲轴、连杆、凸轮轴，前桥所需的前梁、转向节,后桥使用的半轴、半轴套管,桥箱内的传动齿轮等等，无一不是有关汽车安全运行的关键锻件。
By weight, there were 17% -19% forging parts on the car.Generally（adv. 笼统地；通常地；普遍地）， car is composed of 17%-19% forging parts, including the body,the truck bed, engine, front axle, rear axle, frame,gear-box,transmission shaft and steering(n. 转向装置) system.Automobile forgings are characterized by complex appearance, light weight, poor working conditions and high safety requirements.For example, such as the crankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft used by the automobile engine, the front axle, knuckle.Half axle,half shaft sleeve of rear axle,transmission gear in the axle box, etc., are all key forgings for the safe operation of the automobile.
柴油机锻件Diesel engine forgings
柴油机是动力机械的一种，它常用来作发动机。以大型柴油机为例，所用的锻件有汽缸盖、主轴颈、曲轴端法兰、输出端轴、连杆、活塞杆、活塞头、十字头销轴、曲轴传动齿轮、齿圈、中间齿轮和柴油泵体等十余种。
Diesel engine is a kind of power machinery, it is commonly used as an engine.Take large diesel engine as an example, there are more than 10 kinds of cylinder head, cylinder shaft neck, crankshaft end flange, output end shaft, connecting rod, piston rod, piston head, crosshead shaft, crankshaft transmission gear, tooth gear, middle gear and diesel pump body,etc.
船用锻件Marine forgings
船用锻件分为三大类，主机锻件、轴系锻件和舵系锻件。主机锻件与柴油机锻件一样。轴系锻件有推力轴、中间轴、艉轴等。舵系锻件有舵杆、舵柱、舵销等。
Marine forgings are divided into three categories, main forgings, shaft forgings and rudder(n. 船舵；[航]方向舵；[动]尾羽；指导人） forgings.Host forgings are the same as diesel engine forgings.Axial system forgings include thrust shaft, intermediate shaft, stern（船尾） shaft, etc.The rudder forging has rudder rod, rudder column, rudder pin, etc.
兵器锻件Weapon forgings
【讯驰外语】可乐老师 编辑。
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