1. unguent [ʌŋgwənt]
n.（药）膏；润滑剂；滑油
a thick oily substance for the skin , usually having a pleasant smell
参考例句：
1. The doctor applied an unguent to the wound, which speedily healed it. 医生给伤口涂了些油膏，伤口很快就愈合了。
2. The father smeared the face of his son with a powerful unguent. 父亲用一种非常有效的油膏涂抹在儿子的脸上。
2. tourniquet [tʊənɪkeɪ]
n.止血器，绞压器，驱血带
a strip of cloth which is tied tightly round an injured arm or leg to stop it bleeding
参考例句：
1. Twist the tourniquet tighter. 把止血带扎紧点。
2. The tourniquet should occlude venous and lymphatic return. 止血带应阻断静脉及淋巴回流。
3. arrear [ə'rɪə]
n.欠款
money that is owed and should already have been paid
参考例句：
1. He is six weeks in arrear with his rent. 他已拖欠房租6周。
2. The arts of medicine and surgery are somewhat in arrear in Africa. 医疗和外科手术在非洲稍微有些落后。
4. crochet [krəʊʃeɪ]
n.钩针织物；v.用钩针编制
to make clothes and other things using wool and a special needle with a hook (= curve ) at one end
参考例句：
1. That's a black crochet waistcoat. 那是一件用钩针编织的黑色马甲。
2. She offered to teach me to crochet rugs. 她提出要教我钩织小地毯。
5. discordant [dɪskɔ:dənt]
adj.不调和的
producing an unpleasant sound
参考例句：
1. Leonato thought they would make a discordant pair. 里奥那托认为他们不适宜作夫妻。
2. For when we are deeply mournful discordant above all others is the voice of mirth. 因为当我们极度悲伤的时候，欢乐的声音会比其他一切声音都更显得不谐调。
6. winnow [wɪnəʊ]
vt. 簸；把…挑出来；精选 vi. 分出好坏；扬谷 n. 扬谷；扬谷器
to blow the chaff (= the outer coverings ) from grain before it can be used as food
参考例句：
1. You should winnow out the inaccuracies of this paper this afternoon. 你今天下午把这篇文章中不精确的内容删掉。
2. We should winnow out the errors in logic. 我们应该排除逻辑中的错误。
7. loose [lu:s]
adj.松散的，宽松的
not firmly fixed in place
参考例句：
1. It will loose if you don't bind it fast. 你不把它系紧它会松的。
2. Will you nail down that loose board in the floor? 请把那块松动的地板钉牢好吗？
8. oxygen [ɒksɪdʒən]
n.氧；氧气
a colourless gas that forms a large part of the air on Earth and which is needed by people , animals and plants to live
参考例句：
1. Oxygen is present in the air. 氧存在于空气中。
2. We need oxygen to support life. 我们需要氧气维持生命。
9. essay [eseɪ]
n.随笔，短文，评论，企图；vt.试图
a short piece of writing on a particular subject , especially one done by students as part of the work for a course
参考例句：
1. There is much food for thought in this essay. 这篇杂文中有不少发人深思的东西。
2. This is a thoughtful essay. 这是一篇具有思想性的随笔。
10. available [əveɪləbl]
adj.可用到的，可利用的，有用的，有空的，接受探访的
able to be bought , used, or reached
参考例句：
1. My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired. 我的自行车现在不能用，因为正在修理。
2. This book is not easily available. 这本书可不好买。
11. seed [si:d]
n.种子，萌芽，原由，根据，子孙，精液；vt.播种，结实，成熟，去...籽；vi.结实，播种
a small round or oval object produced by a plant and from which, when it is planted , a new plant can grow
参考例句：
1. The seed must be covered with soil. 种子必须用土壤盖住。
2. Farmers put seed in the ground. 农民往地里下种。
12. operation [ɒpəreɪʃn]
n.操作，运转；经营，业务；作用，效力；手术；运算
the fact of operating or being active
参考例句：
1. Her mother began operation of a small grocery. 她母亲开始经营一家小杂货店。
2. Your operation was very successful. 你的手术非常成功。
13. foolish [fu:lɪʃ]
adj.愚蠢的，傻的；荒谬的，可笑的
unwise , stupid or not showing good judgment
参考例句：
1. The foolish boy was laughed at wherever he went. 这个愚蠢的男孩不论走到哪里都受到讥笑。
2. Don't worry me with such foolish questions. 不要用这些愚蠢的问题来烦我。
14. aspect [æspekt]
n.样子，外表，面貌，（问题等的）方面
one part of a situation , problem , subject , etc .
参考例句：
1. The training program covers every aspect of the job. 训练计划的范围包括了这种工作的各个方面。
2. His aspect was frightening. 他那副样子很可怕。
15. dam [dæm]
n.水坝，水闸；堰堤；vt.在…上筑坝，堵住
a wall built across a river which stops the river's flow and collects the water , especially to make a reservoir (= an artificial lake ) which provides water for an area
参考例句：
1. The villagers went at building a dam with a will. 村民们劲头十足地着手修一座水坝。
2. The Aswan Dam helps to control the River Nile in Egypt. 阿斯旺水坝有助于控制埃及的尼罗河。
16. qualms [kwɑ:lms]
n.不安；内疚
uneasiness about the fitness of an action
参考例句：
1. He felt no qualms about borrowing money from friends. 他没有对于从朋友那里借钱感到不安。
2. He has no qualms about lying. 他撒谎毫不内疚。
17. vying [vaɪɪŋ]
adj.竞争的；比赛的
present participle of vie
参考例句：
1. California is vying with other states to capture a piece of the growing communications market. 为了在日渐扩大的通讯市场分得一杯羹，加利福尼亚正在和其他州展开竞争。
2. Four rescue plans are vying to save the zoo. 4个拯救动物园的方案正争得不可开交。
18. asceticism [ə'setɪsɪzəm]
n.禁欲主义
the doctrine that through renunciation of worldly pleasures it is possible to achieve a high spiritual or intellectual state
参考例句：
1. I am not speaking here about asceticism or abstinence. 我说的并不是苦行主义或禁欲主义。
2. Chaucer affirmed man's rights to pursue earthly happiness and epposed asceticism. 乔叟强调人权，尤其是追求今生今世幸福快乐的权力，反对神权与禁欲主义。
19. prim [prɪm]
adj.拘泥形式的，一本正经的；n.循规蹈矩，整洁；adv.循规蹈矩地，整洁地
very formal and correct in behaviour and easily shocked by anything rude
参考例句：
1. She's too prim to enjoy rude jokes! 她太古板，不喜欢听粗野的笑话！
2. He is prim and precise in manner. 他的态度一本正经而严谨。
20. purloin [pɜ:lɔɪn]
vt. 偷窃 vi. 偷窃
to steal something
参考例句：
1. Each side purloins the other's private letters. 双方彼此都偷对方的私人信件。
2. Xiao Chen insisted that he didn't purloin. 小陈坚称自己没有偷窃。
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