一、语块4.2 副词形副动或句

慎重考虑后将“连词和从句语块、名词语块、词尾词缀语块、形副语块”分别重新定名为:连词和从句语块、限定词语块、词尾词缀语块、词性语块;每个语块中的下级思路加序号编排,如昨天我们讨论了词性语块:形定副状名主宾中的4.1 形容词做定表补,今天我们讨论“词性语块4.2 副词形副动或句”。

副词+动词(副词形副动或句)(1)

(二)副词形副动或句

副词(adverb),缩写ad.,是修饰形容词、副词、动词以及句子的词类。“二类八词定点法”将副词用法的考查点归纳为如下口诀:

副词形副动和句: 副词通常修饰形容词、副词、动词以及句子。

思考题:

1. 副词可以分为哪三大类? 2. 形容词 -ly构成副词有哪6种规则?

3. 运用 -ly构成的副词时要注意哪3个问题?

副词(adverb),缩写ad.,是修饰形容词、副词、动词或者句子的词类。

例如:He knows English very well. (修饰副词)

Tom knows exactly how to please his father. (修饰动词)

Mary didn’t go to the cinema. She went to the concert instead. (修饰整个句子)

少数副词可以修饰名词:

It took us quite some time. Marie is rather a dear. the next up train; the now generation;

a year before; four days after(wards); people there, the situation here; …

副词+动词(副词形副动或句)(2)

1.副词的构成形式

1) 有的副词是独自的形式,如:well, soon, seldom, never, even, then,…;

2) 有的副词形容词、副词同形,如:fast, early, late, straight, …;

We had an early breakfast. We had breakfast early.

They caught the fast train. They missed the train which runs too fast.

3)大多数副词由形容词加后缀-ly构成,其词根有个别变化,详见下表:

副词+动词(副词形副动或句)(3)

2. -ly结尾的副词相关问题

1)有的加-ly的副词与同根形容词的意思不同:

near 附近 nearly 几乎; hard 艰难,艰苦 hardly 几乎不;

just 刚好,恰好 justly 公正地; bad 坏的, badly 非常;

late 迟,晚, lately 最新的,最近的

2)有的加-ly的词是形容词(多是名词加-ly),

如:costly, brotherly, fatherly, friendly, lovely, womanly,…

(也的其它词类加-ly的):deadly, elderly, likely, lively, lonely, elderly…

副词+动词(副词形副动或句)(4)

3)有的副词有与形容词同形和加-ly两种形式,与形容词同形的副词表示状态、结果,相当于汉语的“得”;加-ly的副词强调动作,相当于汉语的“地”,如:

Li Ping jumps higher than I (do). 跳比我高

The visitors thought highly of our progress. 高度赞扬

open one’s mouth wide大 English is widely used in the world. 广泛运用

Charlie, wash the dishes cleanly. 要洗干净(干净洗)

Oh, the dishes are washed clean. 洗干净

同类的副词有easy, easily; right, rightly; slow, slowly;…

二、《高考词汇音形义性用法》词汇学习26

请点击音频跟读、听写:

副词+动词(副词形副动或句)(5)

副词+动词(副词形副动或句)(6)

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