今日胡言乱语说：你是不是梦见过自己会飞，和动物说话，从高空坠落？科学家花了大量的时间在研究梦，因为它奇怪又神秘，今天我们要看到的这篇和梦有关的文章会比你知道的更怪异。你知道盲人做噩梦的频率更高吗？你知道梦可以控制的吗？你知道梦可以提高你学习效率吗？你知道梦游可能造成的风险吗？你知道婴儿是不会做梦的吗？Blind nightmares - 盲人的噩梦
Blind people have a mixed bag when it comes to their dreams.
According to National Geographic, researchers asked 50 people, half of whom were blind, to record their dreams for four weeks in a Danish study.
盲人有各式各样的梦。根据国家地理杂志，在一项丹麦的研究中，研究人员请50个人（其中一半是盲人），记录他们四星期的梦。
On one hand, many previously sighted blind people can see again in their dreams. On the other hand, blind people have more nightmares.
While only 7 percent of the sighted participants reported nightmares, 25 percent of the blind ones did. Their nightmares included things like losing their guide dogs or being hit by cars.
一方面，许多原本有视力的盲人在梦里可以再次展现视力。另一方面，盲人比较会做噩梦。正常视力的实验参与者中只有7%的噩梦率，而盲人则有25%，他们的噩梦包括例如失去导盲犬或者被卡车撞到之类的事。
The researchers guessed that nightmares could be a form of "rehearsal" for real life and that blind people need more rehearsal because they experience more danger on a daily basis.
研究人员猜测，盲人的那些噩梦可能是对现实生活的一种“预演”形式，而且盲人需要更多的预演，因为他们每天会经历更多的危险。
Dream Control - 控制你的梦
Research has shown that you can actually learn to control your dreams. According to Deirdre Barrett, a Harvard-based sleep researcher, if you want to stimulate a dream in which you solve a problem, think about it before you go to sleep and try to create an image of the problem in your mind. It's even better if you can use an actual visual.
研究显示你其实可以学习控制你的梦。根据哈佛的睡眠研究者，她说，如果你想激发一个解决你问题的梦，那么在睡前想着它并且在心里创造那个问题的影像。
For example, if you're trying to write a song, put your guitar next to your bed. Or if you want to solve a problem involving a certain person in your dream, look at a photo of them before you go to sleep.
举例来说，如果你要写歌，那就把你的吉他放在床边。或者是如果你想要在梦里解决关于一个特定对象的问题，就在睡前他们的照片。
"Sometimes dreams make breakthroughs, and there are a lot of anecdotes about famous examples of major creativity or major scientific problem-solving.” Not only can you control what you dream about； you can also control what you do in your dreams, in a trippy process called lucid dreaming.
“有时候梦能造成突破，有许多关于重大创作或重大科学问题被解决的奇闻轶事”。其实，你不只可以控制自己梦到什么，也可以控制你在梦里做什么，在一个种被称为清醒梦的不清醒状态。
There are a bunch of different ways to induce lucid dreams, one of which is called reality testing, according to a researcher from Stanford. Part of reality testing is asking yourself throughout the day if you're dreaming, and then looking for clues that you're awake. Looking for clues while you're awake today will help you become aware that you're dreaming tonight.
诱发清醒梦有许多不同的方法，根据斯坦福大学的研究员的发现，其中一种叫做“现实测试”。这个测试有一部分是一整天都要问自己是不是在做梦，然后在你清醒的时候寻找蛛丝马迹。这可以帮助你意识到自己在做梦。
Helping you learn - 做梦可以帮你更好的学习
Do you ever indulge yourself and Take a nap in the middle of the day? If so, you now have a good excuse for dozing off at your desk.
你有放纵自己在中午休息的时候小睡一下么？如果是，你现在有很好的理由可以字书桌前打瞌睡。
Dreaming actually helps you learn. In a study by researchers from Harvard Medical School, 99 participants played a video game in which they navigated through a virtual maze.
因为做梦可以帮助你学习，在哈佛医学院研究所做的一项研究中，这个研究里有99个人玩一个游戏，这个游戏要他们通过一个虚拟的迷宫。
Afterward, half of them napped for two hours, while the other participants stayed awake. Then they all did the maze again. The participants who reported dreaming about the maze improved their performance over six times more than the people who didn't sleep or who didn't dream about the maze.
之后，一半是小睡过两小时的人，另一半是一直保持清醒的。他们都重新玩一次迷宫游戏。梦到迷宫游戏的人比保持清醒的人好了6倍。
Acting out dreams - 梦游
Did you know that your muscles nearly become paralyzed when you sleep so you don't act out your dreams?
你知道睡觉的时候你肌肉基本上是瘫痪的，所以你才不会在做梦的时候有清醒时候的动作？
people whose muscles don't stop them from acting out their dreams are far more likely to develop neurological disorders like dementia and Parkinson's later in life.
有梦游的人更容易患上痴呆症和帕金森症等神经系统疾病。
In a rare condition called REM behavior disorder, people carry out the actions from their dreams while they're still asleep.
在一种称为快速动眼行为失调症的一种罕见状况中，这样的人在睡着的时候还是在做他们在梦里做的事。
Take, for example, Mike Birbiglia, a comedian who writes about living with the disorder，who dreamed that a missile was headed for his hotel room. He jumped out his second-floor hotel room window, both in the dream and in real life.
像是 Mike Birbiglia，一个喜剧演员，他写下了与失调症者同住的故事，那个人梦到有飞弹朝他的房间飞来，他跳出二楼旅馆窗户，梦里和现实里都是。
According to Time magazine, researchers at the University of Montreal studied almost 100 adults who had been diagnosed with REM behavior disorder. They found that people with the disorder are 18 percent more likely to develop a neurodegenerative disease five years after their diagnosis.
根据时代杂志，蒙特利尔大学的研究人员研究了近100个被诊断为快速眼动行为失调症的人，他们发现有这种人的人18%的人在5年里更容易变成神经性疾病。
Babies don't dream - 婴儿没有梦
Have you ever looked at an adorable baby sleeping and wondered what they were dreaming about?
你有没有看着个可爱的小baby然后想着他们到底在做什么梦呢？
It turns out, they don't dream at all.
事实是，他们根本不会做梦。
David Foulkes, the author of Children's Dreaming and the Development of Consciousness, believes that babies spend their REM sleep building pathways in their brains and later developing language skills.
研究儿童做梦和意识发展的人认为，婴儿把他们的快速动眼花在了大脑发育里，之后再发展他们的语言能力。
With all this brain development going on, there wouldn't be much brain-power left to also create dreams. Children don't actually dream until they're 4 or 5 years old when they develop the capacity to visualize imaginary things.
在大脑发育的阶段，它就没有多余的脑力去做梦。小孩子只有4到5岁才会做梦，那个岁数才会发展出想象的能力。
Even then, the dreams they report lack characters, memories, and emotions. It's not until they're 7 or 8 and they have a sense of identity that kids' dreams start to include plotlines.
即使4，5岁小孩做梦的时候，那那些梦也是没有人物，记忆和情绪的，直到7，8岁的孩子有身份认同后，他们的梦才会情节。
The stronger their self-concept is, the more vivid and structured their dreams become.
自我意识越强，小孩子的梦境就会越逼真。
【英语知识】
1 "Sometimes dreams make breakthroughs, and there are a lot of anecdotes about famous examples of major creativity or major scientific problem-solving.”
anecdote【noun】- a short account of a particular incident or event of an interesting or amusing nature. 奇闻逸事
2 in a trippy process called lucid dreaming.
lucid【adj】- To feel as thought you can express yourself with 100% clarity. 清醒的
3 Do you ever indulge yourself and take a nap in the middle of the day?
indulge yourself 【verb】- allow oneself to enjoy the pleasure of. 放纵自己
4 Did you know that your muscles nearly become paralyzed when you sleep so you don't act out your dreams?
paralyzed 【adj】- When the orgasm is so good you can't move; 瘫痪
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