阿尔卑斯山的雪线分布及影响因素(大雪纷飞的阿尔卑斯山)(1)

Austria has been snowed under this month. The country is used to snow, but this January, There's much more of it than usual.

这个月奥地利被大雪覆盖。这个国家已经习惯了下雪,但是今年一月,雪要比往年更多。

I'm 70, but I don't think I've ever seen so much snowfall in 12 days. The area's most affected are Saalbach, Saalfelden and Altaussee.

我今年70岁了,但我想我从未见过12天内能有这么大的降雪。该地区受影响最严重的是萨尔巴赫、萨尔费尔登和阿尔图西。

Although the army and volunteers are helping out, by and large residents have to cope on their own. Hammond Hilina has lived in Altaussee for four decades, but he's rarely seen his village get this much snow before.

虽然军队和志愿人员正在提供帮助,但大体上居民不得不自己应付。哈蒙德•希利娜在阿尔都西生活了40年,但他以前很少看到自己的村庄下这么大的雪。

And time is of the essence, because temperatures are rising. It may sound paradoxical, but for homeowners like Hilina, that's bad news.

时间是至关重要的,因为温度正在上升。这听起来似乎有些矛盾,但对希莉娜这样的房主来说,这是个坏消息。

It means the pressure on his roof is increasing. When it gets warmer, a cubic meter of snow that weighed 100 kilos now weighs 500, that's the problem.

这意味着屋顶的压力在增加。当天气变暖时,一立方米重100公斤的雪现在会重达500公斤,这就是问题所在。

Towering above the village is the Loser mountain. It's an impressive sight.

矗立在村庄之上的是 Loser 山。这是一幅令人印象深刻的景象。

But with the high avalanche risk, does it pose a danger to Altaussee? That'd be the ultimate disaster.

但是雪崩的风险很高,它会对阿尔都西岛构成威胁吗?那将是最终的灾难。

Up there is a little valley. That's where the snow will go.

上面有一个小山谷。雪会往那儿去。

I don't believe it'll happen. No, you can't think that negatively.

我不相信这会发生。不,你不能这么想。

It's never happened before. An avalanche barrier up the slope is supposed to protect residents, but locations above the barrier are acutely endangered.

以前从未发生过。山坡上的雪崩屏障本应保护居民,但在屏障之上的地方却面临严重的危险。

These include the ski resort, an important source of income in Altaussee. It's now closed for safety reasons.

其中包括阿尔都西的一个重要收入来源——滑雪场。它现在出于安全原因而被关闭了。

Parts of Altaussee that lie right at the foot of the Loser are also endangered. So residents have been temporarily evacuated.

Loser 山脚下的阿尔都西部分地区也濒临消亡。所以居民已经暂时撤离。

Gahad Leutze, the mayor believes in leading by example. But not everyone's following his lead.

市长 Gahad Leutze 认为应该以身作则。但并不是所有人都在跟随他的脚步。

Some are staying put. I'm one of those affected and have left my home.

有些人就按兵不动。我是受灾难影响的人之一,已经离开了我的家。

Unfortunately, there's no other option. The situation is getting worse by the day.

不幸的是,我们别无选择。情况一天比一天糟。

So it's a security measure that we have to take. Getting around by car isn't easy either.

所以这是我们必须采取的安全措施。开车四处行动也不容易。

This isn't a one-way road. But all you can do is hope that no one's coming in the opposite direction.

这不是一条单行道。但你所能做的就是希望没有人从相反的方向来。

Glantz ToeSchmidt is from Bavaria. He's a former soccer pro who played in Germany's second division.

Glantz ToeSchmidt 来自巴伐利亚。他曾是一名职业足球运动员,在德国乙级队踢球。

Now retired, he owns a vacation home here, together with his friend — former footballer Manfred Sinden. The first layer is easy, but after that, it gets more difficult.

现在他已经退休了,他和他的朋友——前足球运动员曼弗雷德·辛登在这里拥有一处度假别墅。第一层很简单,但在那之后,就变得更困难了。

There's the danger of getting hit by falling icicles when you leave the house. That can be dangerous.

当你离开房子的时候,有被落下的冰柱击中的危险。这很危险。

This is the entrance to our apartment. Unfortunately, it's buried in snow.

这是我们公寓的入口。不幸的是,它被雪埋了。

We have to clear away the snow first to reach the apartment. You can still see a bit of the chimney.

我们必须先清除积雪才能到达公寓。你还可以看到烟囱的一部分。

It's that black thing up there. We've got to bring down the snow by tomorrow.

就是上面那个黑色的东西。我们必须在明天之前把雪弄下来。

To here, to the top. We only want to remove the top layer, the powder snow.

到这里,到顶端。我们只需要移除最上面的一层,粉状的雪。

Because if it rains, it'll get heavy, then it settles, and you'll never get it down. The risk of avalanches also increases with the rising temperatures.

因为如果下雨,它就会变得很重,然后就会凝固,你就永远也无法把它弄下来了。随着气温的升高,雪崩的风险也会增加。

High up on the mountain, the Austrian armed forces are upping their reconnaissance flights, now that the weather conditions are stable. The soldiers are scanning the steep slopes, looking for unstable blankets of snow.

由于天气状况稳定,奥地利武装部队正在山上加强侦察飞行。士兵们正在搜索陡峭的山坡,寻找不稳定的积雪层。

When the crew discovers the site of a potential snow slide, they often detonate explosives to trigger a controlled avalanche. To do this, the helicopter must hover a few metres above the snow pack.

当机组人员发现潜在的雪崩地点时,他们通常会引爆炸药来引发可控的雪崩。要做到这一点,直升机必须在积雪上方几米的地方盘旋。

Meanwhile, the demolition expert lights the fuse and tosses the explosives out of the chopper, which must then get far away from the site as quickly as possible. You can't always hear the sound of the blast.

与此同时,爆破专家点燃导火线,把炸药扔出直升机,然后直升机必须尽快离开现场。你不会常听到爆炸声。

Sometimes it's completely muffled by the snow. And the explosion doesn't always spark an avalanche.

有时它完全被雪遮住了。爆炸并不总是会引发雪崩。

But even then, says captain Maximilian Stein Gasner, the mission shouldn't be considered a failure. Just because the blast didn't trigger an avalanche, there's no reason to say it wasn't successful.

但即便如此,马西米利安·斯坦·加斯纳(Maximilian Stein Gasner)上尉表示,这次任务也不应被视为失败。仅仅因为爆炸没有引发雪崩,就没有理由说它没有成功。

The purpose is to see if the incline is saved.?So if no avalanche is triggered after several blasts, it means that the avalanche risk can be considered low.

这样做的目的是看斜坡是否被保留了下来。因此,如果几次爆炸后没有引发雪崩,这就意味着雪崩的风险可以被认为是很低的。

At the austrian army barracks in south Faden, the soldiers planned the missions run by the helicopter unit. Along with reconnaissance flights, they also supply trapped residents with food and medication, and evacuate people when necessary.

在南法登的奥地利军营,士兵们计划由直升机部队执行任务。除了侦察飞行,他们还向被困居民提供食物和药品,并在必要时疏散人群。

Juergen Biron, a pilot, is one of more than a thousand soldiers helping Austria cope with the masses of snow. Because we're in the army, we train a lot.

飞行员于尔根·拜伦是一千多名帮助奥地利对付大雪的士兵之一。因为我们在军队里,我们受到了训练很多。

Now we can finally put our expertise and experience into practice, so as to help the villages that have been cut off being accessible by Road again. It makes us very happy to be able to use our skills to help people.

现在,我们终于可以把我们的专业知识和经验付诸实践,帮助那些被切断道路的村庄重新连通道路。能够用我们的技能帮助别人,我们感到非常高兴。

Juergen Biron and his comrades are ready for the next mission. The weather is holding, but it's late in the day, so things must go quickly.

于尔根·拜伦和他的战友们已经准备好执行下一个任务了。雪天还在继续,但已经很晚了,所以事情必须快点进行。

We are going to fly from here, from Saalfelden, over what we call the -- to a Haline. There will pick up a state employee with whom will fly to Zan Coulomon, to blow the snow off streets and power lines using the helicopter.

我们将从这里,从萨尔菲尔登,飞越我们称之为——的海域。将会有一名政府雇员和他一起飞到赞库伦蒙,用直升机把街上和电线上的雪吹走。

That way, the heavy snow can fall down and the trees won't fall down. This time the soldiers are piloting two relatively small helicopters.

这样一来,大雪就会落下,树木也不会倒下。这次,士兵们驾驶着两架相对较小的直升机。

The air deflected by the choppers rotor blades, known as down wash, blows snow off the treetops. But the job has its risks.

被直升机的旋翼叶片吹偏的空气,也就是所谓的下冲,会把雪从树梢吹走。但这项工作也有风险。

The pilots must make sure they don't brush the tops of the moving trees or come into contact with the powerlines. They also need to steer clear of the cables used by the ski lift.

飞行员必须确保他们不会碰到移动的树顶,也不会接触到电力线。他们还需要避开滑雪缆车使用的缆绳。

Some of the slopes have been closed, but here at the popular ski resort of Saalbahinterglam , there are plenty of alternatives, for experts and beginners. Ditma Villey and his son Marvin are enjoying all the snow.

一些斜坡已经关闭,但在受欢迎的滑雪胜地萨拉巴因特格拉姆,专家和初学者还有很多选择。迪特玛·维利和他的儿子马文正在享受着雪景。

But the visitors from Hanover say they heard skiers lost their lives while using trails closed for safety reasons. That's given them pause for thought.

但是来自汉诺威的游客说,他们听说滑雪的人在使用出于安全原因关闭的滑雪道时失去了生命。这让他们停下来思考。

If there were no danger of avalanches, I'd normally say — why not ski and deep snow if you want to? But when like now, avalanche risk is high.

如果没有雪崩的危险,我通常会说——如果你想去滑雪的话,为什么不去呢?但像现在这样,雪崩的风险很高。

It makes no sense, I can't understand why people do it. Sure, there's a temptation to go off piste when you see a stretch of good pristine snow.

这就没道理了,我不明白人们为什么这样做。当然,当你看到一片纯净的皑皑白雪时,你会忍不住想去滑雪。

But if that can trigger an avalanche… but that's another story… but it's a temptation. Now we always ski together.

但如果这能引发雪崩……但那是另一回事……但这是一种诱惑。现在我们总是一起滑雪。

So I'm not afraid of losing in. And when you're not there?

所以我什么都不怕。但你不在那儿时呢?

When I'm not there, then I do worry. Maybe it's a good thing I don't see everything he gets up to.

当我不在的时候,我就会很担心。也许这是件好事,我没看到他做的每件事。

I'm mellowing. Gonna be a dad.

我在逐渐成熟。我要当爸爸了。

He's calmed down now that he's going to be a father. He has to start taking responsibility, which means returning from this ski trip in one piece.

他就要当爸爸了,所以冷静下来了。他必须开始承担责任,这意味着他要安然无恙地结束这次滑雪之旅。

Maybe he'll even teach his future child to ski. Most of the visitors here are thrilled with all this snow.

也许他还会教他未来的孩子滑雪。这里的大多数游客都为大雪而兴奋不已。

They see no cause for concern. Finally some really snowy winter weather.

他们认为没有理由担心。终于到了下雪的冬天。

Finally some snow. There's nothing negative. It's just nature. It's okay.

终于有雪了。没有什么负面影响。这只是自然情况。没关系。

I called the owners and asked how things were looking with the snow, whether we'd get through and be able to ski. They were pretty relaxed about it and said — it's not the first time we've had this much snow. We know how to deal with it.

我打电话给屋主,问他们雪下得怎么样,我们能不能通过,能不能滑雪。他们对此很放松,并说——这已经不是第一次下这么大的雪了。我们知道如何处理它。

I'm happy about it. There's enough snow for skiing and I think the landscape looks nicer covered in snow.

我对此很高兴。有足够的雪可以滑,而且我认为被雪覆盖的风景看起来更好。

Some plants. As far as I'm concerned, it can be like this every year.

被雪覆盖的植物之类。就我而言,每年都是这样。

Back in Altaussee, residents are also feeling a positive effect of the situation Here as in other Austrian villages, neighbors are helping one another.

在阿尔图西,居民们也感受到了当前形势的积极影响 这里和奥地利的其他村庄一样,邻居们互相帮助。

The snow has brought communities closer together. At this hotel, right on the lake, local residents who've been forced to leave their homes have been given free temporary lodging.

大雪拉近了社区之间的距离。这家酒店就在湖边,被迫离开家园的当地居民得到了免费的临时住宿。

Co-owner Inna Skulovit says that's only natural in an emergency situation like this. People are there for us all year around, whether it's a burst pipe or whatever.

共有人 Inna Skulovit 说,在这种紧急情况下,这样做很正常。全年都有人为我们提供帮助,无论是管道破裂还是别的什么。

The volunteer, fire department, electricians, plumbers from firms in the region — they're always there for us. So it was clear that we should do our part and give a little something back to Altaussee.

该地区公司的志愿者、消防人员、电工、水管工——他们永远在我们身边。所以很明显,我们应该尽我们的一份力,回馈阿尔都西一点东西。

Here and in many other ski areas across Austria, the situation has improved somewhat. They're no longer completely snowed under.

这里和奥地利其他许多滑雪地区的情况有所改善。他们不再完全被冰雪覆盖了。

But winter isn't over yet.

但是冬天还没有结束。

,