python中tryexcept的用法
对python中的try、except、finally 执行顺序详解如下所示:
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def test1(): try : print ( 'to do stuff' ) raise Exception( 'hehe' ) print ( 'to return in try' ) return 'try' except Exception: print ( 'process except' ) print ( 'to return in except' ) return 'except' finally : print ( 'to return in finally' ) return 'finally' test1Return = test1() print ( 'test1Return : ' + test1Return) |
输出:
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to do stuff process except to return in except to return in finally test1Return : finally |
在 try 中 raise一个异常,就立刻转入 except 中执行,在except 中遇到 return 时,就强制转到 finally 中执行, 在 finally 中遇到 return 时就返回
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def test2(): try : print ( 'to do stuff' ) print ( 'to return in try' ) return 'try' except Exception: print ( 'process except' ) print ( 'to return in except' ) return 'except' finally : print ( 'to return in finally' ) return 'finally' test2Return = test2() print ( 'test1Return : ' + test2Return) |
输出:
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to do stuff to return in try to return in finally test2Return : finally |
这里在 try 中没有抛出异常,因此不会转到 except 中,但是在try 中遇到return时,也会立即强制转到finally中执行,并在finally中返回
test1和test2得到的结论:
无论是在try还是在except中,遇到return时,只要设定了finally语句,就会中断当前的return语句,跳转到finally中执行,如果finally中遇到return语句,就直接返回,不再跳转回try/excpet中被中断的return语句
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def test3(): i = 0 try : i + = 1 print ( 'i in try : %s' % i) raise Exception( 'hehe' ) except Exception: i + = 1 print ( 'i in except : %s' % i) return i finally : i + = 1 print ( 'i in finally : %s' % i ) print ( 'test3Return : %s' % test3()) |
输出:
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i in try : 1 i in except : 2 i in finally : 3 test3Return : 2 def test4(): i = 0 try : i + = 1 return i finally : i + = 1 print ( 'i in finally : %s' % i ) print ( 'test4Return : %s' % test4()) |
输出
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i in finally : 2 test4Return : 1 |
test3和test4得到的结论:
在except和try中遇到return时,会锁定return的值,然后跳转到finally中,如果finally中没有return语句,则finally执行完毕之后仍返回原return点,将之前锁定的值返回(即finally中的动作不影响返回值),如果finally中有return语句,则执行finally中的return语句。
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def test5(): for i in range ( 5 ): try : print ( 'do stuff %s' % i) raise Exception(i) except Exception: print ( 'exception %s' % i) continue finally : print ( 'do finally %s' % i) test5() |
输出
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do stuff 0 exception 0 do finally 0 do stuff 1 exception 1 do finally 1 do stuff 2 exception 2 do finally 2 do stuff 3 exception 3 do finally 3 do stuff 4 exception 4 do finally 4 |
test5得到的结论:
在一个循环中,最终要跳出循环之前,会先转到finally执行,执行完毕之后才开始下一轮循环
以上这篇对python中的try、except、finally 执行顺序详解就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持开心学习网。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/u010159842/article/details/54924940