mysql字符串默认长度
MySQL 字符类型大小写敏感mysql字符类型默认是不区分大小写的,即select * from t where name='AAA'与='aaa'没区别,以下是测试的例子
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(root@localhost)[hello]> create table test1(id int , name varchar (10)); (root@localhost)[hello]> insert into test1 values (1, 'aaa' ),(2, 'AAA' ),(3, 'bbb' ),(4, 'BbB' ); (root@localhost)[hello]> select * from test1; + ------+------+ | id | name | + ------+------+ | 1 | aaa | | 2 | AAA | | 3 | bbb | | 4 | BbB | + ------+------+ (root@localhost)[hello]> select * from test1 where name = 'AAA' ; + ------+------+ | id | name | + ------+------+ | 1 | aaa | | 2 | AAA | + ------+------+ (root@localhost)[hello]> select * from test1 where name = 'aaa' ; + ------+------+ | id | name | + ------+------+ | 1 | aaa | | 2 | AAA | + ------+------+ |
可以看到此时where条件后面的'AAA'与'aaa',查出来的结果没啥区别。
如果只想找出'AAA'的可以有以下几种办法
1.在sql中加入binary关键字
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(root@localhost)[hello]> select * from test1 where binary name = 'AAA' ; + ------+------+ | id | name | + ------+------+ | 2 | AAA | + ------+------+ |
2.修改列的定义
先查看原始表的定义
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(root@localhost)[hello]> show create table test1\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table : test1 Create Table : CREATE TABLE `test1` ( `id` int (11) DEFAULT NULL , ` name ` varchar (10) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 |
修改表test1的name列
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alter table test1 modify column name varchar (10) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin default null ; |
collate utf8mb4_bin表示where过滤或者order by排序区分大小写
此时查看test1的定义
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(root@localhost)[hello]> show create table test1\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table : test1 Create Table : CREATE TABLE `test1` ( `id` int (11) DEFAULT NULL , ` name ` varchar (10) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 |
接着再执行查询语句
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(root@localhost)[hello]> select * from test1 where name = 'AAA' ; + ------+------+ | id | name | + ------+------+ | 2 | AAA | + ------+------+ |
下面再创建一张test2表,就会发现上面修改列的语句其实相当于在创建表时varchar后面跟binary
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(root@localhost)[hello]> create table test2(id int , name varchar (10) binary ); (root@localhost)[hello]> show create table test2\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table : test2 Create Table : CREATE TABLE `test2` ( `id` int (11) DEFAULT NULL , ` name ` varchar (10) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 |
下面介绍如何设置字符大小写敏感
- 数据库级别设置字符大小写敏感
创建
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create database <db_name> default character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin; |
修改
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alter database <db_name> default character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin; |
- 表级别设置字符大小写敏感
创建
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create table <tb_name> ( ...... ) engine=innodb default charset=utf8mb4 collate =utf8mb4_bin; |
修改
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alter table <tb_name> engine=innodb default charset=utf8mb4 collate =utf8mb4_bin; |
- 列级别设置字符大小写敏感
创建
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create table <tb_name> ( `field1` varchar (10) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin, ...... ) |
修改
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alter table <tb_name> modify column `field1` varchar (10) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin default null ; |
继承关系是列-->表-->库,优先级是列>表>库
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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/ddzj01/p/10736670.html