* 用英语自身来理解和学习英语是最好的方式,《英读廊》是《满庭说英语》中的拓展阅读系列,这一系列的文章力求帮助大家在英语阅读能力上有所提升,并树立英语思维;* 推荐的阅读的方法是:先原文,适当看解析阅读,还有疑惑再看双语对照。* 解析中英语单词的音标使用Dictcom和IPA双音标标注,如果需要了解Dictcom音标,请参看我们的《dictionary.com所用的音标体系》一文。* 本篇文章难度系数8.0,由《小仙英语伴读》人工智能难度分析系统提供评分。
#学英语#
Why are dogs so much more varied than cats?【译】为什么狗的种类比猫多呢?【单词】dogs 原型:dog [dawg, dog][dɒɡ] n. 狗【单词】varied 原型:vary ['vair-ee]['veəri] v. 改变;变化;使多样化【单词】cats 原型:cat [kat][kæt] n. 猫;猫科动物
Dogs can work for us, so we spent a lot more time and effort trying to breed specific characteristics.【译】狗可以为我们工作,所以我们花了更多的时间和精力来培育具有特定特性的品种。【单词】spent 原型:spend 动词过去式 [spend][spend] v. 花费【单词】effort ['ef-ert]['efət] n. 努力;努力的成果【单词】breed [breed][briːd] v. 繁殖;养育;引起,产生【单词】characteristics 原型:characteristic [kar-ik-tuh-'ris-tik][ˌkærəktə'rɪstɪk] n. 特点;特性;特色
Sometimes these characteristics involve appearance as well.【译】有时这些特性也包括外表方面的。【短语】as well 也(相当于too);同样地;还不如;此外;例句:We should stick to the principles and be flexible as well. 既要有原则性, 也要有灵活性。【单词】involve [in-'volv][ɪn'vɒlv] vt. 包含;牵涉【单词】appearance [uh-'peer-uhns][ə'pɪərəns] n. 外貌;外表
Cats aren't very trainable.【译】而猫则不太容易训练。【单词】trainable ['trey-nuh-buhl][t'reɪnəbl] adj. 可训练的
They are smart, but they don't have an ingrained social structure that is big on cooperation.【译】它们很聪明,但它们没有一个根深蒂固的交往体系,那就是注重合作。【单词】smart [smahrt][smɑːt] adj. 聪明的;敏捷的;厉害的【单词】ingrained [in-'greynd, 'in-greynd][ɪn'ɡreɪnd] adj. 根深蒂固的【单词】social ['soh-shuhl]['səʊʃl] adj. 社会的;社会阶层的;群居的;社交的;好交际的;合群的【单词】cooperation [koh-op-uh-'rey-shuhn][kəʊˌɒpə'reɪʃn] n. 合作;协作;协同作用
So they are only good for things they are inclined to do anyway, like catching pests.【译】所以它们只喜欢做自己喜欢做的事情,比如捕捉害虫。【单词】inclined 原型:incline 这里是过去分词做表语 [in-'klahyn][ɪn'klaɪn] v. (使)倾向于;向前弯;(使)倾斜【单词】anyway ['en-ee-wey]['eniweɪ] adv. 不管怎样;无论如何【单词】catching 原型:catch [kach][kætʃ] v. 赶上;抓住;捕捉;领会【单词】pests 原型:pest [pest][pest] n. 害虫;讨厌的人
And they are really good at that, so there is limited value in further specialization.【译】它们在这方面确实很在行,所以(对它们通过培育)进一步细分化的价值是有限的。【单词】limited 原型:limit ['lim-it]['lɪmɪt] vt. 限制;限定【单词】specialization [spesh-uh-luh-'zey-shuhn][ˌspeʃəlaɪ'zeɪʃn] n. 专门化;特殊化
Dogs, and the other hand, thrive on being part of a social order.【译】狗,相较于猫来说,作为社会秩序的一部分而繁育兴旺。【短语】part of ... (某事物的)一部分;例句:He received part of his education in England. 他有一部分教育是在英国接受的。【单词】thrive [thrahyv][θraɪv] vi. 兴旺;繁荣;茁壮成长
They naturally want to please the pack leader, and that makes them super trainable.【译】它们会很自然地想要取悦或领头犬或主人,这使得它们非常容易训练。【单词】naturally ['nach-er-uh-lee]['nætʃrəli] adv. 自然地;天生地【单词】pack [pak][pæk] n. 一群;一副;包裹;一包 v. 包装;解雇;塞满;收拾行李;佩戴【单词】leader ['lee-der]['liːdə] n. 领袖;领导者;指挥者;领先的人【单词】super ['soo-per]['suːpə] adj. 超级的;极好的
And with trainability comes specialization.【译】由于狗的可训练性,(培育)狗的特性化也随之而来。【单词】trainability ['trey-nuh-buhl][treɪnə'bɪlɪtɪ] 可训练性
Dogs have been selectively bred for hundreds of years for a variety of different purposes (eg. hunting, retrieving, herding, sledding, as lapdogs &c.), which all require quite different physiques.【译】几百年来,人们为了各种不同的目的(例如打猎、取回猎物、放牧、雪橇,如拉普狗等)有选择地饲养狗,这些都需要完全不同的体格。【短语】a variety of ... 各种各样的…,种种;例句:The department store carries a variety of leather shoes. 这家百货商店经销各种皮鞋。【单词】selectively [si-'lek-tiv][sɪ'lektɪvli] adv. 有选择地【单词】bred 原型:breed 动词过去式 [breed][briːd] v. 繁殖;养育;引起,产生【单词】variety [vuh-'rahy-i-tee][və'raɪəti] n. 多样;种类;多样化【单词】purposes 原型:purpose ['pur-puhs]['pɜːpəs] n. 目的;决心;意图【单词】eg 名词 abbr. <拉>例如(=exempli gratia)【单词】hunting 原型:hunt [huhnt][hʌnt] v. 狩猎;打猎;搜索【单词】retrieving 原型:retrieve [ri-'treev][rɪ'triːv] vt. 恢复;挽回;取回 vi. 找回猎物【单词】herding 原型:herd [hurd][hɜːd] vt. 放牧;群集;使 ... 成群,把…赶到一起 vi. 聚在一起【单词】sledding 原型:sled [sled][sled] n. <美>雪撬【单词】require [ri-'kwahyuhr][rɪ'kwaɪə] v. 要求;需要;命令;规定【单词】physiques [fi-'zeek][fɪ'ziːks] 身体素质
Cats have generally only as house pets, so there hasn't been anywhere near as much breeding for different body types.【译】猫一般只作为家养宠物,所以几乎没有什么不同体型的猫繁殖。【单词】pets 原型:pet [pet][pet] n. 宠物;受宠的人 adj. 宠爱的 v. 爱抚;亲抚【单词】anywhere ['en-ee-hwair, -wair]['eniweə] adv. 任何地方 n. 任何(一个)地方【单词】breeding 原型:breed [breed][briːd] v. 繁殖;养育;引起,产生;教养 n. 品种;血统
Yep.【译】是的。【单词】yep [yep][jep] adv. <俚>是
Dachsunds were bred to hunt badgers in burrows, hence the long thin body and short legs.【译】腊肠犬是用来在洞穴里捕猎獾的,因此身体细长,腿短。【单词】badgers ['baj-er]['bædʒə] n. 獾;獾皮(毛)【单词】burrows 原型:burrow ['bur-oh, 'buhr-oh]['bʌrəʊ] n. (兔子等)所掘的地洞 vt. 挖掘(洞穴);钻进 vi. 翻寻;挖洞【单词】hence [hens][hens] adv. 因此;从此以后【单词】thin [thin][θɪn] adj. 薄的;瘦的;稀的【单词】legs 原型:leg [leg][leɡ] n. 腿 vi. 用脚走路【专有名词】Dachsund 腊肠犬,身体细长
Their burrowing instinct is so strong that they make special beds for them.【译】它们的穴居本能如此强烈,以至于养犬者会为它们铺上特殊的床。【单词】burrowing 原型:burrow ['bur-oh, 'buhr-oh]['bʌrəʊ] n. (兔子等)所掘的地洞 vt. 挖掘(洞穴);钻进 vi. 翻寻;挖洞【单词】instinct ['in-stingkt]['ɪnstɪŋkt] n. 直觉;本能;天性
These dogs were bred to herd fish into fishermen's nets, to retrieve lost tackle, or broken nets, and to act as couriers from ship to ship, or ship to shore.【译】这些狗被培育用来把鱼赶到渔网里,找回丢失的钓具或破裂的渔网,并充当船到船或船到岸之间的信使。【单词】fishermen 原型:fisherman ['fish-er-muhn]['fɪʃəmən] n. 渔夫;渔船【单词】nets 原型:net [net][net] n. 网;网状物【单词】retrieve [ri-'treev][rɪ'triːv] vt. 恢复;挽回;取回 vi. 找回猎物 n. 恢复;取回;救出险球【单词】lost 原型:lose [looz][luːz] vt. 丢失【单词】tackle ['tak-uh l]['tækl] n. 滑车;用具;渔具【单词】broken 原型:break [breyk][breɪk] v. 打碎;【单词】couriers 原型:courier ['kur-ee-er]['kʊriə] n. 送快信的;急差【单词】ship [ship][ʃɪp] n. 船;舰【单词】shore [shawr][ʃɔː] n. 岸;滨
They have webbed paws for swimming.【译】它们脚上有蹼适合游泳。【单词】webbed [webd][webd] adj. 有蹼的;成网状的 动词web的过去式和过去分词【单词】paws 原型:paw [paw][pɔː] n. 脚爪;爪子【单词】swimming 原型:swim [swim][swɪm] v. 游泳 n. 游泳
,