Hi, I'm Maria. Welcome to Oxford Online English!，我来为大家科普一下关于不要做这些会影响雅思分数的操作?下面希望有你要的答案，我们一起来看看吧!
不要做这些会影响雅思分数的操作
Hi, I'm Maria. Welcome to Oxford Online English!
嗨，我是玛利亚。欢迎来到牛津大学在线英语课程！
In this lesson, you'll see five common IELTS preparation mistakes that we often see.
在本节课里，你会看到我们经常看到的五个常见雅思备考错误。
Are you planning to take the IELTS exam?
你正打算参加雅思考试吗？
At Oxford Online English, we meet and teach many IELTS students.
在牛津大学在线英语，我们遇到了很多雅思学生。
Often, these students find it difficult to prepare for IELTS and get the score they want.
一般来说，这些学生觉得雅思备考和拿到他们想要的分数有点难。
It's not because they don't have the ability.
不是因为他们没有能力。
It's not because they don't work hard.
不是因为他们学习不努力。
So, why is it?
那么是为什么呢？
It's because they make simple, avoidable mistakes.
那是因为他们犯了简单的、可以避免的错误。
The IELTS preparation mistakes you'll see in this video are very common; we see them all the time!
大家在视频里看到的雅思备考错误是很常见的；我们随时都能看到它们！
Making these mistakes will make it more difficult to get the IELTS score you need.
如果犯这些错误的话，那么拿到你想要的分数就更难了。
We'll explain how you can avoid these common mistakes and prepare for IELTS more effectively.
我们会向大家解释怎样可以避免这些常见的错误，以及如何更有效率地准备雅思考试。
Ok, this might seem obvious.
好的，也许看起来是很显而易见的。
It might seem boring.
也许看起来有点无聊。
People leaving exam preparation too late?
雅思考试准备开始得太迟了？
What a surprise!
这也太令人吃惊了！
But, it's the number one mistake that IELTS students make.
但是，这就是雅思考生最容易犯的错误。
The problem is that many students see IELTS like exams you probably had at school: exams which tested your knowledge of facts.
问题是，很多考生把雅思当成是有可能在学校里参加的考试了：测试你对事实知识的掌握程度。
With that kind of exam, you could start revising a few days before, memorise a load of information, and maybe get a good mark.
如果参加那种类型的考试，你可能几天前才开始复习，记住大量的信息，而且也许会得到好成绩。
We've all done that, I think, right?
我们都这么做过，对吗？
I know I have!
反正我是这么干过！
But, here's the problem: IELTS isn't an exam about facts.
但是这里存在一个问题：雅思不是一个有关事实的考试。
It's a test of your practical skills in English.
这是对你英语实践技能的测验。
Those skills take time to learn and develop.
这些技能要花时间去学习并拓展。
You can't spend a few days with your books and magically get a higher IELTS score.
不可能看了几天书，就奇迹般地拿到一个很高的雅思分数。
You're probably thinking: so how long does it take?
你有可能在想：所以那要花多久呢？
The answer is: longer than you think.
回答是：比你想的要长。
In our experience, moving your IELTS score half a band — so from six to six point five, for example — takes around two to three months of study.
依照我们的经验，提高雅思分数半分，比如说从六分到六点五分，要花大约2到3个月的学习。
Moving up one full band takes around six months.
提高一分要大约六个月。
Remember that we're talking about regular study here: two or three hours of lessons per week, plus several hours of study in your own time.
在这里我们说的是规律地学习：每周2-3小时的课程，加上几个小时自由学习时间。
Also, these are averages.
同样地，这些只是平均值。
How long it takes you depends on your exact situation, it depends on your strengths and weaknesses, and it depends on what kind of learner you are.
你要花多少时间取决于你自己的情况，取决于你的强项和弱项，以及取决于你是哪种类型的学习者。
So, it's possible that you could do it faster…but it might also take you longer.
所以有可能你可以更快地达成目标……但是也有可能花更长时间。
If you need to take IELTS, probably it's important to you.
如果你需要参加雅思考试的话，可能这场考试对你很重要。
You're applying to university, or you're planning to emigrate to an English-speaking country.
你正在申请念大学，或者你计划移民到一个英语国家。
So, don't leave it too late!
所以不要准备得太晚了！
Even if you just think that you might need IELTS in the future, it's a good idea to get into good habits now.
即使你只是觉得将来自己可能需要参加雅思考试，现在养成好习惯也是很不错的。
Here are some suggestions: One: start reading in English every day.
以下是一些建议：一：开始每天阅读英文。
You don't have to spend a lot of time: ten to fifteen minutes is enough.
不用花很多时间：10-15分钟就足够了。
Try to read a variety of things.
试着阅读各种内容。
Two: listen to something in English every day.
二：每天听些英语的东西。
Again, you don't need to spend a lot of time on this, but you should try to listen to varied materials; don't listen to the same thing every day.
同样的，不必花很多时间，但是要去听各种素材；不要每天听相同的内容。
Three: if you need IELTS in the next 12 months, find a teacher and ask for a speaking and writing assessment.
三：如果你在一年内需要参加雅思考试的话，那就找一个老师吧，让他们给你进行口语和写作评分。
This way, you'll know where you are now, and how much work you have to do.
这样的话，你就可以知道你现在是什么水平，以及你需要做多少工作。
Start preparing early, and it'll be much easier to get the IELTS score you need.
早点开始准备考试，获得你需要的雅思评分就会更容易一些。
Often, people ask us questions like: "Can you tell me some tricks to improve my reading score?" "What are some linking words I should use in my essay?" "How do I get a higher score in the listening exam?" All these questions are looking for a trick.
大家一般会问我们这些问题：“你能告诉我一些技巧来提高我的阅读分数吗？”“我在作文中应该使用哪些关联词？”“我在听力中如何拿到更高的分数？”所有这些问题是在寻找技巧。
You think that there's some secret to getting a higher IELTS score, and if you could just find someone to give you the secret, everything would be okay.
你觉得掌握一些技巧就可以帮你拿到一个更高的雅思分数，只要找到有人告诉你这些技巧，那就不成问题了。
Here's the secret: ready?
秘密在这里：准备好了吗？
The secret is… there's no secret.
秘密是……根本没有秘密。
Seriously: the IELTS scoring systems are public.
确实如此：雅思评分标准是公开的。
You can read them, and we recommend that you do!
你可以自己去看看，我们推荐大家这么做！
Take the reading exam.
参加阅读考试。
Many people ask how to improve their reading score.
很多人问怎样提高他们的阅读分数。
They want to know: what's the trick?
他们想知道：有什么技巧呢？
What's the secret?
秘密是什么？
Again, there's no secret.
同样地，没有秘密。
To get a high score in the IELTS reading exam, you need to be good at reading.
要在雅思阅读考试拿到高分，那就需要擅长阅读。
The listening exam is the same.
听力考试也是一样的。
These are skills that take months or years to develop.
这是一些要花几个月或几年去拓展的技能。
People ask: what are some linking words I should use in my essay?
大家会问：我应该在议论文里使用什么连接词呢？
They think that using more linking words equals a higher score in the writing exam.
他们认为在写作考试里使用更多连接词就可以拿到更高的分数。
Here's something which might surprise you: We've seen hundreds of IELTS writing tasks.
但是我要说的可能会让你很吃惊：我们看了成千上百的雅思写作任务。
We have never seen a task which got a lower score because it didn't use enough linking words.
我从来没有看过因为没有使用很多连接词而拿到更低分数的情况。
We have seen many tasks which got a lower score because they overused linking words, or used them incorrectly.
但是我们看到过很多因为使用了太多连接词，或者用得不对导致分数降低的情况。
It's the same with vocabulary.
词汇也是如此。
We see students memorising sentences, idioms and academic vocabulary because they think that it will boost their score.
我们看到考生们会努力去记忆句子、习语和学术性词汇，因为他们认为那会提高他们的分数。
Again, if you do this, you're likely to hurt your score, because you'll misuse the vocabulary that you just memorised from a list.
同样地，如果你这么做的话，反倒会被分数产生负面影响，因为你会错误地使用只能从词汇列表里面想起的词汇。
If you want to improve your IELTS writing score, it's not simple: you need to learn to write more effectively, and that requires a lot of time and work.
如果想提高雅思写作分数的话，其实并不容易：需要学习更有效率地写作，并且需要大量的时间和努力。
You can't memorise some sentences or a template and expect to get a high score — it won't work.
不能只是单单记忆一些句子或模板，就期待拿到高分——这根本行不通。
Although, there is one case where there might be a kind of 'trick' to improve your score fast.
不过有一种情况，可能会有一种“技巧”来快速地提高你的分数。
In the speaking and writing exams, if you don't understand how the exam and the scoring system work, you might be making mistakes with how you approach the tasks.
在口语和写作考试中，如果你不理解考试以及评分标准是怎样的，你也许会因为如何处理任务而犯错。
For example, if you don't write in clear paragraphs, that will have a big negative effect on your score.
例如，如果你的段落写的不清楚，那会对你的分数有很大的负面影响。
Correcting that problem — which is very easy to do — can make a big difference.
纠正问题——这其实是很容易的——可以带来很大的不同。
If you think that in the speaking exam, giving longer answers will always improve your score, then that can have a negative effect, because your answers also need to be relevant.
如果你认为在口语考试里给出更长的回答总是会提高你的分数的话，那也可能带来负面的效果，因为你的回答也需要是相关的。
Longer answers can easily lose focus and go off-topic.
更长的回答可能会导致失去焦点和离题。
Again, correcting this can make a big difference quickly.
同样地，纠正这个问题可以马上带来很大的不同。
However, this isn't really 'improving' your score; you're just getting the score your English should get.
然而，这并不会“提高”你的分数；你只是拿到自己应该拿到的分数。
This brings us to our third mistake: How are IELTS scores decided, and what do they mean?
这就来到了我们的第三个错误：雅思分数是怎样确定的，以及它们代表着什么呢？
Do you know?
你知道吗？
As we said before, the IELTS scoring systems are publicly available.
如同我们之前所说的，雅思评分标准是公开的。
You should read them!
你应该去读一读！
There are links for you below the video.
在视频下面有链接。
There are two mistakes which people make here.
里面有两个大家会犯的错误。
First, don't think of IELTS scores as numbers.
首先，不要认为雅思分数是数字。
Your IELTS score looks like a number, but it isn't really.
雅思分数看上去像是一个数字，但是并不是的。
It's a very detailed description of what you can or can't do in English.
它非常详细地描述了你能用英语做什么或不能做什么。
Why is this important?
为什么这点很重要呢？
Many students think about IELTS scores like tests at school: "I got five.
很多考生认为雅思分数像是在学校里面的测验：“我拿了五分。
I need seven, so I just need two more… Maybe if I try again, I'll get a better score?" Two more… Two more what?
我需要七分，所以我还需要两分……也许我再试试，就能拿到更好的分数？”再有两分……两分什么呢？
The difference between band five and band seven is huge.
五分与七分之间的差异是巨大的。
It's the difference between speaking basic English and speaking at a level that is enough to study for a Master's degree or work in a high-level job.
这就对应着基本英语和足以攻读硕士学位或从事高级工作的水平之间的区别。
IELTS scores aren't numbers.
雅思评分不是数字。
Secondly, by learning about the scoring system, you can see what the examiners are looking for.
其次，通过学习评分标准，你可以看到考官关注的是什么。
This is very important, because you need to do different things at different bands.
这是很重要的，因为在不同的评分等级需要做不同的事情。
For example, is your target band six?
例如，你的目标评分是六分吗？
You need to focus on communicating clearly.
那你需要着重在清晰地沟通。
You don't need to worry about making grammar or vocabulary mistakes so much.
并不需要过多担心犯语法和词汇错误。
Are you aiming for band seven?
你的目标是七分吗？
You need to speak and write without making many language errors.
那你的口语和写作就不能犯语言错误。
It's very different to band six.
这和六分是非常不同的。
Do you need seven point five in the speaking test?
你需要在口语考试里拿到七点五分吗？
That means you need two scores of seven and two scores of eight.
那就意味着你需要两个七分和两个八分。
Where can you get eight?
那在哪里拿到八分呢？
What do you need to improve to make sure you get at least seven in every score?
你需要提高什么来确保在每一个项目拿到至少七分呢？
You need to have answers to these questions in order to prepare effectively.
为了有效率地准备考试，你需要有这些问题的答案。
Are you looking to improve your score in the writing exam in a short time?
你是否希望在短时间内提高写作考试的分数？
You should probably focus on the task achievement and coherence/cohesion scores, which are easier to change, especially if you don't have much time.
那你可能需要着重于任务达成度以及上下文连贯/承接得分，这些更容易改变，特别是如果你没有太多时间的话。
We could go on.
我们可以继续。
The point is: depending on your target, where you are now, and how much time you have, you'll need to prepare differently.
重点是：取决于你的目标，你现在在什么程度，以及你有多少时间，基于此需要做不同的准备。
Understanding the scoring system will help you make an effective study plan and avoid wasting time.
理解评分标准可以帮助你确定一个有效率的学习计划，避免浪费时间。
If you aren't sure where to start, ask an experienced IELTS teacher for advice.
如果你不确定从哪里开始的话，可以询问一位有经验的雅思老师来得到建议。
Let's move on to mistake number four.
我们继续看错误四。
Many IELTS students have been preparing for IELTS or trying to get a certain score for some time.
很多雅思考生一直在准备雅思，或者试图在某个时间内拿到一定的分数。
In our experience, these students often think a lot about what they 'should' say.
依照我们的经验，这些学生通常考虑他们“应该”说什么。
What does the examiner want to hear?
考官想听什么？
Is this a good answer to this question?
这个答案对这个问题是一个好回答吗？
If I include some interesting facts in my essay introduction, will the examiner like it more?
如果我在我的雅思议论文引言里包含进一些有趣的事实的话，考官会更喜欢吗？
This causes a problem: you feel paralyzed, because you feel like you can't find ideas.
这就导致了一个问题：你会陷入瘫痪之中，因为你觉得毫无头绪。
You don't know what to say.
你不知道说什么。
Here's the truth: the examiners do not care about your ideas or your opinions.
事实是这样的：考官不关心你的想法或你的观点。
Not one bit.
根本不关心。
There's no 'right' answer.
没有“正确的”答案。
If your answer is relevant and clear, then it's a good answer.
如果你的回答是相关的并清晰的，那么那就是一个好回答。
If it's not relevant or not clear, then it's not a good answer.
如果不相关或不清晰，那就不是一个好回答。
Let's do an example.
我们来看一个例子。
Here's a common IELTS speaking question: Tell me about your hometown.
这里是一个常见的雅思口语问题：和我聊聊你的家乡吧。
Often, students will give answers like this: Bangkok is the capital city of Thailand.
通常，学生们会给出类似于这样的回答：曼谷是泰国的首都。
It has a population of ten million.
人口有一千万。
There are many tourist attractions in Bangkok, such as the Grand Palace, which is very famous and beautiful.
曼谷有许多旅游景点，如大皇宫，这是个非常漂亮的著名景点。
More than three million tourists visit the Grand Palace every year.
每年有超过300万的游客参观大皇宫。
Now, this isn't a bad answer.
这不是一个糟糕的回答。
It's quite good, in some ways!
在某些方面其实是不错的。
But, it's also very unnatural.
但是这个答案并不自然。
Think about it.
思考一下。
If you were in a social situation, like a party, and someone asked you, "Hey, what's Bangkok like?" would you give an answer like this?
如果你在一个社交场合，比如说一个晚会，某人问你：“你好，曼谷是什么样子的？”，你会给出一个像这样的回答吗？
No, almost certainly not.
肯定不会吧。
Maybe you would, and that's fine!
也许你会，那也没什么问题！
But, most people wouldn't.
但是，大部分人不会这样。
Many IELTS candidates try to talk and write in this very unnatural way, because they think it's what the examiners want.
很多雅思考生试着用这种很不自然的方式来说话和写作，因为他们认为那是考官想要的答案。
Here's the problem: taking an exam is stressful.
问题是这样的：参加考试压力很大。
Speaking a foreign language is hard.
讲一门外语是难的。
Taking an exam in a foreign language is stressful and hard.
参加一门外语考试时压力很大，也很困难。
Trying to talk in a very unnatural way, which is totally different from how you communicate naturally?
去用一种非常不自然的、与你平时自然沟通的方式完全不同的方式说话？
That just makes it harder.
那只会让它难上加难。
Look at an alternative answer: Bangkok's never boring!
看一个替代答案：曼谷永远不会无聊!
There's so much going on all the time.
总是会有各种事情发生。
It has so many different neighbourhoods, and they all have their own character.
它有很多不同的街区，都有自己的特点。
Some things irritate me, but honestly I really like living here and I couldn't imagine living anywhere else.
虽然有些会事情让我很恼火，但说实话，我真的很喜欢住在这里，我无法想象住在其他地方。
This answer sounds much more natural.
这个答案听起来更自然。
To be clear, 'natural' doesn't mean anything for your score.
需要明确的是，“自然”并不能影响你的评分。
Both answers you saw are good answers.
你看到的回答都是好的回答。
However, the second answer is more natural, which means it's probably easier for you to produce.
然而，第二个回答更自然，那意味着对你来说也会更容易一点。
It's closer to how people talk in everyday life.
那更接近日常生活里人们的谈话方式。
IELTS is a test of your ability to communicate.
雅思是一个对你的沟通能力的测试。
It doesn't matter what your ideas or opinions are.
你的想法或观点是什么那并不重要。
It matters that you can express your ideas and opinions clearly and in detail.
问题是在于你可以清晰详细地表达你的想法和观点。
That sounds so easy, but many IELTS students tell us, "I don't have any ideas for most of these topics.
那听起来很简单，但是很多雅思考生告诉我们：“我对这些主题中的大多数没有任何想法。
I just don't have anything to say." What about that?
我没有什么可说的。”这样该怎么办呢？
Many students say, "I don't know what to talk about!", especially for the essay in the writing exam, or in parts two and three of the speaking test.
很多学生说“我根本不知道说什么！”，特别是在议论文写作考试，或者口语考试的第二部分或第三部分。
IELTS questions and topics are designed to be international.
雅思问题和主题设计旨在国际性。
They're not about UK culture or US culture, or any single country.
它们和英国文化或美国文化，或者任何国家的文化有什么关系。
However, that also means they're not based in your culture.
然而，那也意味着它们不是以你的文化为基础的。
There might be topics which people don't talk about in your country.
也许有些主题，在你的国家大家并不会谈论。
There might be topics which aren't very relevant to where you live.
也许有些主题与你生活的地方毫无关系。
The IELTS exam is about your ability to communicate in an English-speaking environment.
雅思考试是关注的是你在英语环境里的沟通能力。
That includes talking about things you may not have thought about before.
其中就包括谈论你之前也许没有想到的事情。
Plus, sometimes, IELTS questions are just plain weird.
加上，有时候雅思问题就是很奇怪。
"Have you ever planted a tree?" Maria?
“你种过树吗？”玛利亚？
What?
什么？
Exactly.
就是这样。
It's a weird question, but it was in a real IELTS speaking exam in the past.
这是一个奇怪的问题，但是这确实是之前雅思考过的题目。
You need to be ready for anything when you go into the IELTS test.
当你参加雅思考试时，你需要为所有事情做好准备。
So, what can you do?
所以，你可以做什么呢？
Preparing for IELTS isn't just about your English.
准备雅思不仅与你的英语有关。
You should also read, write and speak about many different topics, and work out your own ideas about them.
你应该阅读、写作和讲很多不同的主题，并搞清楚你对它们的看法。
For example, should children always obey their parents?
例如，孩子们应该总是顺从他们的父母吗？
Should the government put taxes on fast food?
政府应该对快餐征税吗？
Is it better to choose a course at university that will lead to a good job, or is it better to study something you love learning about?
在大学里选择一个能找到好工作的课程更好，还是学习你喜欢的学习内容更好呢？
To be a strong IELTS candidate, you should have clear, detailed opinions about all these topics, and many, many more.
要成为一位更强的雅思考生，你应当对所有这些以及更多的主题有更清晰、具体的观点。
You should also try to be aware of other people's ideas.
你也应该考虑到其他人的想法。
Maybe, in your country, people choose a subject at university that will lead to a good job.
或许在你的国家，人们在大学里会选择一门会能找到好工作的学科。
Maybe you never even thought about the idea of studying something just because you're interested in it.
或许你并不认同因为兴趣而去学习的想法。
Fine, no problem.
好的，没问题。
We're not here to tell you what to think!
我们在这里不是去告诉你要去想什么！
But, in some parts of the world, people have different ideas.
但是，在世界上一些其他地方，人们有不同的想法。
You'll be a better IELTS candidate if you realise that.
如果你意识到了到那一点的话，你会是一个更好的雅思考生。
So, read widely, write about different things, and talk to as many people as possible about as many topics as possible.
所以，阅读的范围宽一点，写不同的事情，和尽可能多的人谈论更多的主题。
You can do this in your own language, but of course it's smarter to do it in English if you can.
你能用自己的语言做这件事，但是如果你可以的话，用英语来做是更好的。
Don't have anything to say about a topic?
关于一个话题没任何东西可以讲吗？
Ask your friends, relatives, colleagues and anyone else for their opinions.
问问你的朋友、亲戚、同学以及其他人，问问他们的看法。
Decide if you agree or disagree with what other people say.
确定你是否同意其他人说的。
That way, you'll start to form your own opinion.
这样的话，你就会开始形成自己的观点。
Again, this is a long-term process.
同样地，这是一个长期的过程。
Preparing for IELTS isn't just about going to a class and studying from a textbook.
雅思考试准备不仅仅是去上一节课，从教材上学习。
It's about becoming a more effective communicator.
这是关于怎么成为一个更有效率的沟通者。
Let's review the five things you need to do to avoid the common IELTS mistakes you saw in this lesson.
我们来复习一下你需要做的五件事情来避免在本节课里看到的常见雅思错误吧。
One: don't leave your preparation too late.
一：雅思考试不要准备太迟了。
Two: don't look for 'secret techniques' or short cuts.
二：不要找“秘密技巧”或捷径。
You'll waste your time and money.
你会浪费时间和金钱。
Three: read the scoring system, and understand how scoring works.
三：阅读评分标准，理解是怎样评分的。
Four: focus on expressing your own ideas, not on what you think the examiners want you to say.
四：着重于表达你自己的想法，而不是你认为考官想要你说什么。
Five: read, talk and learn about a wide range of ideas and topics, so that you have well-developed opinions of your own.
五：阅读、交流和学习广泛的看法和话题，这样你就会形成自己的成熟观点。
Thanks for watching, and good luck if you have an IELTS exam coming up soon!
感谢观看，如果你不久就要参加雅思考试的话，祝你好运！
See you next time!
下次见！
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