1) some, any的用法

some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。

some表示“几个;一些;部分”,多用于肯定句;而any表示“一些;什么;任何;”,

对用于否定句或疑问句中。如:

* He asked me some questions. (他问了我几个问题。)

* Tom ate some of the bread. (Tom吃了一些面包。)

* Are there any stamps in this post office? (这个邮局里有邮票吗?)

2) 复合不定代词的用法

a. 不定代词some, any, no与-one, -body, -thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是:

someone anyone no one

somebody anybody nobody

something anything nothing

这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。

b. 因为some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句或疑问句,no表示完全否定,因此由some, any, no与-one, -body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。

c. 第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只用于表示人,它们的形式是单数形式,但有时可以用they或them指代。

* There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking? (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗?)

*You can see a lot of new shops on each side of the street. (因为街道只有两边因此不能用every)

*Each has too coats. (each是代词不能换用every)

c. other可以指人也可以指物,表示“另外的人或事物”,其后可以接单数或复数的名词;

此外,other也有复数形式,是others。如:

* He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.

*Some children like milk chocolate, other children prefer plain chocolate.

*We should not think only of ourselves, we should think of others first.

d. another的意思是“另一个;再一个;又一个”,通常只能修饰单数的名词或代词,泛指“不定数目中的另一个”。

* Would you like to try another kind of drink?

* I don't like this hat; please show me another.

注意:other和another都有“另外的”意思,要注意它们的区别。

首先一般来说,两者中的“另一个”是the other,不定数目中的“另一个”是another。如:

* She has a book in one hand and a pen in the other. (这里表示两只手中的另一个因此用the other)

* This cup is broken. Get me another, please.

5) many, much, few, little, a few, a little, a lot of, lots of 这些词都可以用来表示数量,但它们的用法也应当注意。

a. many和much 这两个词都表示“许多;大量”,它们的比较级和最高级是more和most。它们的不同在于:many只能指代或修饰可数名词的复数,much一般只能指代或修饰不可数名词。如:

* “Do you have any books on English grammar?” “Yes, but not many.” (这里的many指代上文的books)

* Much time will be saved if you plan your work very well. (time是不可数名词,因此用much)

b. (a) few和 (a) little a few和a little是一对用作表示数量的不定代词的固定词组,它们具有名词和形容词的性质,它们的意思是“少数;少量”,都表示肯定的意思。它们的不同点是:a few指代或修饰可数名词的复数,a little指代或修饰不可数名词。如:

* Only a few of the children in this village can read. (因为children是可数名词的复数因此用a few)

* There was a little rain just now and the air is fresh now. (rain是不可数名词因此要用a little)

few和little表示否定,意思是“几乎一点没有”,相当于not … many或not … much。和a few和a little一样,few指代或修饰可数名词的复数而little指代或修饰不可数名词指代或修饰不可数名词。如:

* Few visitors enjoyed the trip to London. (few修饰的是可数名词visitors)

* There is little to be done about it. (关于这件事没有什么可做的了。) (little指代索要做的事情)

few的比较级和最高级是:fewer,fewest;little的比较级和最高级是:less,least。

c. a lot of和lots of

这两个词组的意思都是“大量的;许多的”,后面既修饰能可数名词复数也能修饰不可数名词, 可以代替many和much使用。

初中英语代词练习题讲解(初中英语不定代词讲解)(1)

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