Hello!
这里是 Yvonne英语杂记！
今天要分享的是英语“被动语态”
英语语法——“被动语态”
语态的分类① 主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者
② 被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者
⑴ 主动语态：He opened the door.
(主语是人，他打开了门)
⑵ 被动语态：The door was opened.
(主语是物，门被打开了)
语态的分类
被动语态的结构:① 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are 动词过去分词
例子:
⑴ You are wanted on the phone.
⑵ The room is cleaned every day.
① 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are 动词过去分词
② 现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are being 动词过去分词
例子:
⑴ My bike is being repaired.
⑵ A new building is being built in our school.
② 现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are being 动词过去分词
③ 一般过去时的被动语态: was/were 动词过去分词
例子:
⑴ Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.
⑵ The room was cleaned yesterday.
③ 一般过去时的被动语态: was/were 动词过去分词
④ 一般将来时: will be 动词过去分词
例子:
⑴The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
⑵ Some new factories will be built in our city this year.
④ 一般将来时:will be 动词过去分词
⑤ 现在完成时: have/ has been 动词过去分词
例子:
⑴ The book has been taken away.
⑵ Your watch has been mended.
⑤ 现在完成时: have/ has been 动词过去分词
⑥ 过去完成时: had been 动词过去分词
例子:
(1) The book had been borrowed.
(2) My bike had been repaired.
⑥ 过去完成时: had been 动词过去分词
主动语态变被动语态:① 主动语态句子的宾语改为被动语态句子的主语
② 主动语态句子的谓语动词改成被动形式
③ 主动语态句子的主语与介词by一起构成短语
例子:
(1)主动语态：Tom makes the cakes.
被动语态：The cakes are made by Tom.
主动语态变被动语态:
例子:
⑵ 主动语态: Tom will make the cakes.
被动语态：The cakes will be made by Tom.
⑶ 主动语态：They can repair this watch.
被动语态: This watch can be repaired by them.
① 句中含有双宾语, 如 give sb sth./ give sth. to sb时，通常把前面的宾语改为被动句中的主语
例子:
⑴ 主动语态: They give me an apple.
被动语态: I am given an apple by them.
⑵ 主动语态: They give an apple to me.
被动语态: An apple is given to me by them.
① 句中含有双宾语, 如 give sb sth./ give sth. to sb时，通常把前面的宾语改为被动句中的主语
② 主动句中，谓语是含有介词或副词的动词短语，变为被动句时介词或副词不能省略
例子:
⑴ 主动语态:We often talk with the old politely.
被动语态:The old are often talked with politely by us.
⑵ 主动语态:Parents take good care of their children.
被动语态:Their children are taken good care of by parents.
② 主动句中，谓语是含有介词或副词的动词短语，变为被动句时介词或副词不能省略
③ 常见的词组有make, have, let, notice. watch, look at, hear listen to，变被动时要加上to
例子:
⑴主动语态:We make the boy stand outside.
被动语态:The boy is made to stand outside by us.
⑵ 主动语态:Mr. Lee see him wash the dishes.
被动语态:He was seen to wash the dishes.
③ 常见的词组有make, have, let, notice. watch, look at, hear listen to，变被动时要加上to
④ 有些系动词: taste, sound, prove, feel, look, smell, remain appear等，常用主动结构表示被动含义
例子:
⑴ The flower looks ugly.
⑵ The dish smells delicious.
④ 有些系动词: taste, sound, prove, feel, look, smell, remain appear等，常用主动结构表示被动含义
⑤ need / want / require 动词ing形式表示被动=need / want/ require to be done
例子:
⑴My watch needs repairing. = My watch needs to be repaired.
⑵The house wants painting. = The house wants to be painted.
⑤ need / want / require 动词ing形式表示被动=need / want/ require to be done
⑥ 某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, sell, lock, open, shut等，且主语是非生命的名词或代词，用主动结构表被动含义
例子:
⑴ The book sells well.
⑵ The pen writes smoothly.
现在一起来完成练习吧！
练习题
⑴ D
(关键词：smoking 物体做主语，根据句意，吸烟不被允许，所以用被动语态isn't allowed，所以选D)
⑵ A
(根据句意：Tom被询问为什么迟到，用被动语态was asked，所以选A)
⑶ C
(关键词：next Sunday表示将来时，根据句意，话剧将会在下周被上演，用被动语态will be shown，所以选C)
⑷ C
(根据句意，苹果卖得很好因为看起来很不错，sell和look用主动表示被动，所以选C)
⑸ D
(根据句意，有人在电话上找你，说明你被找，用被动语态，所以选D)
练习题答案
继续完成练习吧！
练习题
⑹ D
(关键词：yesterday表示过去式，根据句意，一些建议被给到学生，用被动语态，所以选D)
⑺ D
(关键词：根据句意，这个新自行车被作为生日，用被动语态，所以选D)
⑻ C
(关键词：根据句意，这本书被孩子们喜爱，用被动语态，所以选C)
⑼ C
(关键词：next year表示将来时，根据句意，很多老师将会被送到西部地区，用被动语态，所以选C)
⑽ C
(关键词：last Monday表示过去时，根据句意，我的建议被接受了，用被动语态，所以选C)
练习题答案
这就是今天分享的英语语法“被动语态”啦！
Thank you
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下期见啦！
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