1. churl [tʃɜ:l]
n.吝啬之人；粗鄙之人
a crude uncouth ill-bred person lacking culture or refinement
参考例句：
1. The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl said to be bountiful. 愚顽人不再称为高明、吝啬人不再称为大方。
2. He must have had some ups and downs in life to make him such a churl. 他一生一定经历过一些坎坷，才使他变成这么一个粗暴的人。
2. goof [gu:f]
n. 呆瓜 vi. 打发时间；混；出大错 vt. 弄糟
to make a silly mistake
参考例句：
1. We goofed last week at the end of our interview with singer Annie Ross. 上周我们采访歌手安妮·罗斯，结果到快结束时犯了个愚蠢的错误。
2. You will never be good students so long as you goof around. 如果你们成天游手好闲，就永远也成不了好学生。
3. stockade [stɒˈkeɪd]
n.栅栏，围栏；v.用栅栏防护
a strong wooden fence built around an area to defend it against attack
参考例句：
1. I had not gone a hundred yards when I reached the stockade. 我跑了不到一百码，就到了栅栏前。
2. A heavy stockade around the cabin protected the pioneer from attack. 小屋周围的厚厚的栅栏保护拓荒者免受攻击。
4. engrossed [ɪnˈgrəʊst]
adj.全神贯注的
giving all your attention to something; absorbed
参考例句：
1. The student is engrossed in his book. 这名学生正在专心致志地看书。
2. No one had ever been quite so engrossed in an evening paper. 没人会对一份晚报如此全神贯注。
5. oversupply ['əʊvəsə'plaɪ]
n.供应过量；v.过度供给
a greater supply of something than is needed
参考例句：
1. The market softened because of oversupply. 市场因供过于求而疲软。
2. Overexpansion of tea fields has led to oversupply. 茶园过度扩张，使得市场上逐渐供过于求。
6. prudish [ˈpru:dɪʃ]
adj.装淑女样子的，装规矩的，过分规矩的；adv.过分拘谨地
exaggeratedly proper;
参考例句：
1. I'm not prudish but I think these photographs are obscene. 我并不是假正经的人，但我觉得这些照片非常淫秽。
2. She was sexually not so much chaste as prudish. 她对男女关系与其说是注重贞节，毋宁说是持身谨慎。
7. rebarbative [rɪˈbɑ:bətɪv]
adj.讨厌的，冒犯人的
serving or tending to repel;
参考例句：
1. He became rebarbative and prickly and spiteful. 他变得令人讨厌，易发怒，怀有恶意。
2. He has the rebarbative habit that is smoking during eating. 他有边吃饭边抽烟那让人讨厌的习惯。
8. corporeal [kɔ:ˈpɔ:riəl]
adj.肉体的，身体的；物质的
physical and not spiritual ; of the body
参考例句：
1. The body is the corporeal habitation of the soul. 身体为灵魂之有形寓所。
2. He is very religious. Corporeal world has little interest for him. 他虔信宗教，对物质上的享受不感兴趣。
9. serendipity [ˌserənˈdɪpəti]
n.偶然发现物品之才能；意外新发现
the lucky tendency to find interesting or valuable things by chance
参考例句：
1. "It was serendipity all the way, " he says. 用他的话说是“一直都很走运”。
2. Some of the best effects in my garden have been the result of serendipity. 我园子里最珍贵的几件物品是机缘巧合之下意外所得。
10. belle [bel]
n.靓女
a beautiful and attractive woman or one who is beautifully dressed
参考例句：
1. She was the belle of her Sunday School class. 在主日学校她是她们班的班花。
2. She was the belle of the ball. 她是那个舞会中的美女。
11. plucky [ˈplʌki]
adj.勇敢的
brave
参考例句：
1. The plucky schoolgirl amazed doctors by hanging on to life for nearly two months. 这名勇敢的女生坚持不放弃生命近两个月的精神令医生感到震惊。
2. This story featured a plucky heroine. 这个故事描述了一个勇敢的女英雄。
12. remonstrance [rɪˈmɒnstrəns]
n抗议，抱怨
the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest
参考例句：
1. She had abandoned all attempts at remonstrance with Thomas. 她已经放弃了一切劝戒托马斯的尝试。
2. Mrs. Peniston was at the moment inaccessible to remonstrance. 目前彭尼斯顿太太没功夫听她告状。
13. prophylactic [ˌprɒfɪˈlæktɪk]
adj.预防疾病的；n.预防疾病
preventing disease
参考例句：
1. Vaccination and other prophylactic measures can be carried out. 可以采取疫苗接种和其他预防措施。
2. The region began to use quinine successfully as a prophylactic. 该地区开始成功地用奎宁作为预防剂。
14. antennae [ænˈteni:]
n.天线；触角
an electrical device that sends or receives radio or television signals
参考例句：
1. Sometimes a creature uses a pair of antennae to swim. 有时某些动物使用其一对触须来游泳。
2. Cuba's government said that Cubans found watching American television on clandestine antennae would face three years in jail. 古巴政府说那些用秘密天线收看美国电视的古巴人将面临三年监禁。
15. calcify [ˈkælsɪfaɪ]
vi. 钙化；变成石灰质 vt. 使钙化；使思想僵化
to become hard or make something hard, especially by the addition of substances containing calcium
参考例句：
1. Old folks can calcify. 老年人可能出现钙化现象。
2. The rock calcified over the centuries. 经过几个世纪，石头发生了钙化。
16. misnomer [ˌmɪsˈnəʊmə(r)]
n.误称
a name that does not suit what it refers to, or the use of such a name
参考例句：
1. Herbal "tea" is something of a misnomer because these drinks contain no tea at all. 花草“茶”是一个误称，因为这类饮料里面根本不含茶。
2. Actually, " Underground " is a misnomer, because more than half the shops are above ground. 实际上，“ 地下 ” 这个名称用之不当，因为半数以上的店铺是在地面上的。
17. ewer [ˈju:ə(r)]
n.大口水罐
an open vessel with a handle and a spout for pouring
参考例句：
1. The ewer is in very good condition with spout restored. 喷口修复后，水罐还能用。
2. She filled the ewer with fresh water. 她将水罐注满了清水。
18. imminence ['ɪmɪnəns]
n.急迫，危急
the state of being imminent and liable to happen soon
参考例句：
1. The imminence of their exams made them work harder. 考试即将来临，迫使他们更用功了。
2. He had doubt about the imminence of war. 他不相信战争已迫在眉睫。
19. cozen ['kʌzn]
vt. 瞒；欺骗 vi. 瞒；欺骗
be false to; be dishonest with
参考例句：
1. A clever lawyer can cozen the prisoner into an admission of guilt. 一个聪明的律师能施小计诱使囚犯承认有罪。
2. Call me cousin, but cozen me not. 与我攀亲可以，但欺骗我可不行。
20. limbo [ˈlɪmbəʊ]
n.地狱的边缘；监狱
an uncertain situation that you cannot control and in which there is no progress or improvement
参考例句：
1. His life seemed stuck in limbo and he could neither go forward nor go back. 他的生活好像陷入了不知所措的境地，进退两难。
2. I didn't know whether my family was alive or dead. I felt as if I was in limbo. 我不知道家人是生是死，感觉自己茫然无措。
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