一、描写文的定义描写文是文章的基本体裁之一，它用生动、形象的语言将人物、事物、景物等的特征和性质活灵活现地刻画或描绘出来，使读者如见其人，如闻其声，如临其境为了使人或事物的特征跃然纸上，描写和叙述常常一并使用，下面我们就来聊聊关于写英语作文的几种格式?接下来我们就一起去了解一下吧!
写英语作文的几种格式
一、描写文的定义
描写文是文章的基本体裁之一，它用生动、形象的语言将人物、事物、景物等的特征和性质活灵活现地刻画或描绘出来，使读者如见其人，如闻其声，如临其境。为了使人或事物的特征跃然纸上，描写和叙述常常一并使用。
二、描写文的类别
就描写的视角而言，描写分为主观描写（impressionistic description）和客观描写（objective description）。前者突出作者的态度和观点，而后者则描绘出事物本身的特性。就描写的对象而言，描写文可分为人物描写，景物描写和场景描写。人物描写又包括肖像描写，行动描写，语言描写和心理描写。景物描写的方法较多，有步移法、静态描写法、动态描写法、定点描写法、动点描写法，还有时间推移法。场景描写指对一个特定时间和地点发生的事情的描写，如劳动场面、会议场面、战斗场面等的描写。场景描写又可分为直接描写与间接描写，前者直接介绍场景，后者则是通过其他人物或事件的描绘、叙述或反应，间接烘托主角。根据参照对象的不同性质，间接描写可分别使用正衬法和反衬法。
三、描写文的行文特点
描写文和记叙文不同。记叙侧重时间，而描写更侧重空间，从而使被描写的对象形象鲜明、具有立体感。好的描写一定要抓住两个关键：突出印象和充实细节。试比较下面两个描写主题句：
1. The student lounge is a place where students congregate in a leisurely fashion, and as a result it is not always attractive and neat.
2. The student lounge is a messy room.
前句对“student lounge”的描写内容丰富，突出了产生现状的原因，而后句则显然欠缺描述的精确性。
具体而言，不同类型的描写文各具特色。
人物描写应栩栩如生，使读者见文如见人。人物描写可能包括两方面的内容, 一是外貌描写， 二是心理描写。外貌描写的一个基本要求就是要为揭示人物的性格特征服务，而要达到这个效果则需要使用描写性的形容词和副词，且需要包括视觉、听觉、味觉、触觉的细节描写。外貌描写一般遵循空间的顺序展开。心理描写注重刻画人物内在精神世界，描述人物思想感情和思想斗争的历程，塑造人物形象，表达中心思想的主要手段。
景物描写是对景色及周围陈设的描写，主要有两种形式，一种是全篇以描写景物为主。一种是在写人、记事和议论中穿插景物描写。描写景物时要注意三个方面：首先要有整体的视角；其次，要善于捕捉景物的颜色和姿态；最后，任何写景文章都不是单纯为写景而写景，所描写景物总要赋予它思想、感情。一篇优美的文章只有渗透了作者的真情实感，才能更好地表达文章中心思想，准确地抒发作者的情怀。
把人、物和场景的描写融合到一个篇章之中称之为综合性描写文。综合描写文要求作者对上述几种描写方法的熟练掌握与对结构的良好控制。综合描写文不是简单地把描述对象拼凑在一起，而是巧妙地使用衔接手段实现人物与场景的融合。写人的同时写景，以写景来衬托人物的心理，写景应该为写人服务。
四、描写文的写作要领
1. 理清描写顺序
描写文的写法多种多样，可以先从具体描写某一事物开始，然后再泛写与之相关的其他事物；也可以先写不重要的事物，最后重点突出所要描写的事物；还可以按照事物所处的空间顺序，如前后左右等，来描述事物。
2.培养观察力，发挥想象力
语言描写能力离不开丰富的想象力和敏锐的观察力。因此，在日常生活中要利用感官，多观察周围的事物，捕捉生活中的细节，并在英语学习中，进行广泛的阅读，多积累词汇，多做模拟性的描写训练。
3. 善于细节描写
写作文最基本的要求是用具体的细节来表达思想。英语写作有一条座右铭，那就是 “show more than tell”。下面两个例句清楚地说明了这一点。
（1）He was very, very angry.
（2）His face turned red, and one corner of his mouth twitched as he tried to control his anger.
4. 巧用修辞
根据描写需要，恰当地运用比喻、拟人和夸张等修辞手法，可以使描述更生动、形象，更好地说明问题。例如：
（1）He says he is almost as busy as a bee.
（2） My heart is like a singing bird.
范文与评析
范文 1
The Harvest Time
Perhaps autumn is the most pleasant season of the year. The weather is neither too hot nor too cold. It is the best time for going to the countryside.
Last Sunday we went to the countryside. There was golden wheat all over the fields. There was a wood of fruit trees surrounded by there fields, in which large and colorful apples and pears were hanging heavy on the trees. We could see that some peasants were busy cutting the wheat in the fields, and others were picking fruits from the trees. All the baskets were full lovely fruits. They are the reward to the hard work of the peasants.
I love the harvest time. Standing in the farm lands I felt that I was in a splendid fairyland.
评析: 文章描写了秋收的场景，借作者的眼睛和视角，呈现一片丰收景象。对农民忙着收割庄稼和摘水果的描写属于直接描写，作者的感受则属于间接描写。两种描写共用把人的劳动和大自然的美结合起来构成一幅美丽的图画。
范文2
City Life and Country Life城市生活与乡村生活
Life in a Metropolis
A metropolis is a place where many young people long to live in, as there seem to be shining rings above their sky and a paradise to fulfill their ambitions and dreams. So what is the life in it? Do people living in it really feel happy?
A metropolis is overcrowded with its houses and apartments boxed together. The streets are crowded and the buses are full. There are skyscrapers in a metropolis, but they may create the sense of oppression. There are many top-grade restaurants, spas and hotels in it, but they are only at the service of rich people. There are advanced facilities everywhere, but they may evoke the inhospitality among people. There are plenty of opportunities here for young people to earn good money, but the pride and temporary satisfaction are acquired at the expense of health, happiness and peace. Some people may believe that their values of life are realized in the metropolis, but they actually have no idea of what they have lost in the rat race. I don’t mean that no one should live in a metropolis. I just believe that people should not be crazy to swarm into that so called paradise if they have not carefully calculated their gains and loss in the future.
In a word, people lose much in a metropolis, and it is a pity that they are still willing to lose even more.
常用表达法与佳句
long to do
fulfill one’s ambition and dream
realize one’s dream
create the sense of
in the rat race
evoke the inhospitality
at the expense of health
have no idea of
be crazy to do
swarm into
So what is the life in a metropolis?
A metropolis is a place where many young people long to live in.
A metropolis is overcrowded with its houses and apartments boxed together.
A metropolis offers many job opportunities.
There are more opportunities of meeting a variety of interesting people in a big city.
A metropolis have an efficient public transportation system.
The air in a metropolis is seriously polluted and there are too many noises.
注意：非经过本人同意，禁止转载。
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