课题：英语音标【学习目标】1.了解音标基本知识2.掌握发音及各音标所对应的发音字母 【教学过程】英语共有48个音标，其中辅音音标28个，元音音标20个。记得我们小学认字的时候就是从拼音开始，英语中的音标就充当了汉字中的拼音角色，辅音相当于声母，元音相当于韵母。 先来看元音音标，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。 单元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ][a:] [ʌ] [ə:] [ə] [u:] [u] [כ:] [כ] 双元音：[ai] [ei] [iə] [əu] [uə] [au] [eə] [כi] 辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。 清辅音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][∫][ts] [t∫][tr][h] 浊辅音：[b][d][g][v][z][ ð][ ʒ] [dz] [dʒ] [dr][r][m][n][ŋ][w][j] [l]音标综合练习: 比较拼读。/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ police field believe /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/ money happy monkey give/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help//æ/ fat/fæt/ have/hæv/ cat/kæt/ back/bæk/ hat/hæt/1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ//bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /riəl/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pæk/ /gæp/ /kæp/ /næg/ /ræm/ /bætl/ /sed/ /′hæpi/ /ten/ /red/pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /′setl/ /træʃ/ /di′pend/settle trash depend /a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k// ɔ:/ horse/hɔ: s/ saw/sɔ:/ corn/kɔ:n/ course/kɔ:s/ salt/sɔ:t// ɔ / dog/dɔg/ pot/pɔt/ cost/kɔst/ what/wɔt/ honest/′ɔnist//u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/ soon/su:n//u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ should/ ʃ ud/ could/kud/2./a:/ / ɔ:/ / ɔ / /u:/ /u//a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /ɔd/ /lɔ:n/ /nɔ:t i / /pɔ:z/ /fɔks/ /sɔk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naughty pause fox sock/fa:/ /la:dʒ / /ma:k/ /lɔ:d/ /tɔ:/ /stɔ:m/ /pɔt/ /krɔp/ /θɔt/ /prɔmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise/huk/ /lu:s/ /su:t/ /tuk/ /mud/ /θru:/ /pul/ /wud/hook loose soot took mood through pull wood / ʌ / must/mʌst/ does/dʌz/ money/′mʌni/ month ugly/′ʌgli/ come/kʌm/mother/′mʌ ð ə/ country/′kʌntri/ young / jʌ ŋ / touch/ə:/ nurse/nə:s/ bird/bə:d/ burn/bə:n/ turn/tə:n/ girl/gə:l/ person work word/ə / better/betə/ never/nevə/ worker/wə:kə/ welcome/welkəm/3./ʌ/ /ə:/ /ə//bʌz/ /dʌl/ /′hʌri/ /gʌlf/ /′trʌbl/ /ə:n/ /sə:f/ /′tə:nə/ /′begə/ /tʌk/buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner beggar tuck/kə:b/ /ə:k/ /ə′merik / /′sɔkə/ /′kæmpə/ /sə′vei/ /pə′veid/ /pə′hæps/curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps/bə:′lesk/ /′mə:də/ burlesque murder /ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eidʒ/ they hey rain/əu/ no/nəu/ home/həum/ hope/həup/ wrote/rəut/ note/nəut/ pose/pəuz/ window tomorrow hold cold fold /ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/ fly my/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ə′baut/ south/sauθ/ house/haus//ɔi/ boy/bɔi/ toy/tɔi/ noise/nɔiz/ voice/vɔis/ point/pɔint/ coin/kɔin/ soil join4./ei/ /əu/ /ai/ /au/ /ɔi//keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prəpəuz/ /′məuʃən/ /stəun/ /′əuvə/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /′taipist/ /aut/ /mɔist/ /′ɔistə/ rhyme doubt typist out moist oyster /iə/ ear/iə/ near/niə/ idea/ai′diə/ hear/hiə/ mere/miə/ spear/spiə/ really here deer dear here fear/εə/ air/εə/ tear/tεə/ care/kεə/ dare/dεə/ fair/fεə/ there/ðεə/ chair/ tʃεə//uə/ poor/puə/ sure/ʃuə/ tour/tuə/ tourist5./iə/ /ɛə/ /uə//viə/ /ə′fɛə/ /dɛə/ /skɛə/ /buən/ /guəd/ /′ruərəl/ /ə′piə/ /kəlʌmbiə/veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tɔp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid//b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/bεə//t/ let/let/ sat/sæt/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid//d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/diə//k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klɔk/ duck chick comic class/kla:s/ weekend/′wi:kend/ school Chritmas/g/ big/big/ leg/leg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gʌm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/ guess/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/sə:f/ favorite/′feivərit/ laugh cough enough photo phone/v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:və/ serve/sə:v/ never/′nevə/ of/ɔv//θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡) thick/θik/ mouth/mauθ/ breath/breθ/(n呼吸) norththought/θɔ:t/ author/´ɔ;θə/ truth/tru:θ/ month think thin three south /ð/ the/ ðə/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/′mʌðə/ thus/ ðʌs/ then/ðen/ together them there theirfather brother this6./θ/ /ð//mʌnθ/ /θi:f/ /ðæt/ /ðæn/ /feiθ/ /tə′geðə/ /θæŋk/ /ðəm′selvz/month thief that than faith together thank themselves/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kæps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stɔps//z/ close/kləuz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/bɔiz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ cleans easy busy /tʃ/ catch/kætʃ/ cheep/tʃi:p/ rich/ritʃ/ watch/wɔtʃ/ child/tʃaild/ question/′kwestʃən/ teach/ti:tʃ/ challenge/′tʃlindʒ/ nature picture/dʒ/ orange/′ɔridʒ/ large/la:dʒ/ juice/dʒu:s/ job/dʒɔb/ age June July/tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/′trʌbl/ track/træk / train/dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/driŋk/ hundred/′hʌndrid//ʃ/ she/ʃi:/ sharp/ʃa:p/ fish/fiʃ/ shock/ʃɔk/ shoe/ʃu:/ sure shelf should/ʒ/ pleasure/′pleʒə/ measure/′meʒə/ television/′teliviʒən//ts/ let′s/lets/ sports/spɔ:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ that’s/dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/bə:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stændz//h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/hə:d/ half/ha:f//l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/lə:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait//m/ my/mai/ more/mɔ:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men//n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ know knee/ŋ/ sing/siŋ/ wing/wiŋ/ ring/riŋ/ long/lɔŋ/ beautiful/bju:təfl//j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/′mju:zik/ student/′stju:dnt/ excuse/ik′skju:z//w/ work/wə:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wɔt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin//r/ red/red/ road/rəud/ write/rait/ wrong/rɔŋ/ problem/′prɔbləm/ 语音综合练习一、复习基础知识1.英语共有_______个音标。2.音标分为______音和______音两大类。3.元音有________个，分为_____元音和_____元音。4.辅音有________个，按声带振动情况分为____辅音和____辅音。5.将以下音标进行分类[ i: ] [ d ] [dz ] [ e ] [ s ] [ g ] [ u: ] [ m ][ ai ] [ w ] [ ә ] [ v ] [ ɔ: ] [ ŋ ] [ ei ] [ z ][ i ] [t∫] [ b ] [ a: ] [ ә: ] [ f ] [ au ] [θ][ u ] [ l ] [Λ] [ j ] [ З ] [ eә ] [ tr ] [ h ][ iә ] [ dЗ] [ t ] [ ɔ ] [ ts ] [ uә ] [ p ] [ ð ][ n ] [ ∫ ] [ æ ] [ k ] [ ɔi ] [ r ] [ әu ] [ dr ]元音：_____________________________________________________________________辅音：_______________________________________________________________________四、 从B栏找出与A栏对应的单词或音标并连线。A hurry hurt look cake bike goat pear thing dog face B [baik] [keik] [΄hΛri] [luk] [hә:t] [θiŋ ] [ dɔg ] [ gәut ] [ feis ] [ peә ] A Apple; feet; bear; keep; head; white; desk; elephant; lamp; mouseB /beә / /wait / /΄æpl / /ki:p / /hed / /΄elifәnt / /maus / /fi:t / /desk / /læmp /五、从下列四个选项中选出所给单词的正确读音。( ) 1.set A、[set] B、[sit] C、[sәt] D、[sæt]( ) 2.court A、[kut ] B、[kәut ] C、[kɔ:t] D、[sit]( ) 3.better A、[΄betз:]B、[΄bætә]C、[be΄ta:]D、[΄betә]( ) 4.duck A、[dΛk] B、[dæk] C、[duk] D、[du:k]( ) 5.tank A、[sæŋk] B、[tiŋk] C、[teŋk] D、[tæŋk ]( ) 6.mouse A、[maus] B、[mәus] C、[mus ] D、[mΛs]( ) 7.cry A、[srai] B、[krai] C、[kri ] D、[ krei]( ) 8.where A、[wiә ] B、[wi:] C、[ heә] D、[weә ]( ) 9.deep A、[di:p] B、[dip] C、[dep] D、[dәp]( ) 10.echo A、[ә΄kәu ] B、[΄ekә] C、[΄ekәu ] D、[æ΄kәu]六、 连线七、判断下列单词的音标，打√或×（ ） 1. listing 读成 [listin].（ ） 2. yes 读成 [jes].（ ） 3. wash 读成 [wa:∫].（ ） 4. mind 读成 [maid].（ ） 5. change 读成 [t∫ein d ].（ ） 6. tests 读成 [tests].二、音标发音练习一. 找出画线部分读音不同的单词(每题2分,共20分)( ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach( ) 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map( ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party( ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good( ) 5. A. book B. moon C. look D. cook( ) 6. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu( ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. mother( ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over( ) 9. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot( ) 10.A. like B. lion C. pizza D. Friday（ ）11．A．tooB．classroomC．broom D．afternoon（ ）12．A．housesB．spellC．studentD．sister（ ）13．A．colourB．AmericanC．doctorD．nice（ ）14．A．teacherB．seatC．sweaterD．please（ ）15．A．which B．whoC．whatD．where（ ）16．A．little B．thingC．whiteD．with（ ）17．A．yellow B．brownC．windowD．know（ ）18．A．worry B．skyC．onlyD．many（ ）19．A．school B．chairC．ChinaD．much（ ）20．A．these B．theyC．brotherD．three( )21. A. brother B. come C. police D .mothers( )22. A .cinema B. climb C. sister D. film( )23. A. these B. bath C. think D .health( )24 . A. morning B. color C. work D. doctor( )25. A. basement B. favorite C. basket D. table( )26. A. island B. small C. ask D. helps( )27. A. mouth B. dangerous C. thousand D. about( )28. A. beach B. meal C. theatre D. leave( )29. A. how B. snow C. tomorrow D. own( )30. A. large B. language C. giraffe D. great二．根据音标写单词：[blu:] [da:ns] [mu:n] [fru:t]________ [fa:] [laik] [geit] [ri′pɔ:tə]________[tju:b] [flai] [′priti] [′lesn ] [′hæpi ] [ wə:k]_________[′fæmili] [plei] [fɔks] [′iŋglænd]_______[tə′geðə] [′meni] [′taigə ] [nəu]____ ʃip]_____ _[ ′sinimə] [daun]_______ [′hɔbi] [drɔp] [ ′veipə] [wʌns] [′kʌmpəni] [′ga:dn] [kə′lekt] [mi:n] [wið] 三、找出与例词发音相同的单词：( )1. bread A.great B.idea C.stream weather( ) 2.any A.pet B.me C.factory D.design( )3.warm A.start B.report C.farmer D.party( )4.her A.writer B.actor C.birthday D.cinema( )5.with A.thin B.theme C.north D.brother( )6.book A.food B.school foot D.blue( )7.country A.young B.house C.mouse D.south( )8.work A.shorts B.sport C.first D.doctor( )9.cinema A.become B.actress C.secret D.China( )10.sure A.study B.soon C.fish D.magazine( )11.of A.off B.dive C.feel D.twelfth( )12.goes A.catches B.does C.washes D.watches四、选出与所给的音标相符合的单词：1．（ ）[ei ] A: have B: Sunday C: vapour D: water2．（ ）[: ] A: want B: after C: reporter D: actor3．（ ）[i ] A: closet B: west C: theme D: garden4．（ ）[ ai ] A: drink B: chicken C: eight D: high5．（ ）[] A: wrong B: s breakfast C: come D: warm6．（ ）[u:] A: jump B: whose C: Tuesday D: money7．（ ）[ j ] A: juice B: vegetable C: your D: try8. ( ) // A: care B: great C: really D: engineer9. ( ) [ æ ] A: safe B: path C: stamp D: hardly10.( ) [f] A: of B: laugh C: daughter D: breakfast
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