- 1. 空格处的提示词为动词
- 2. 空格处填的词为非谓语形式（判断方式：句子内不缺谓语）
1. 动词的现在分词，过去分词会写
2. 常见固定搭配
（1）介词后 doing
常考介词为：by, for, in, with, without, of, after, from等
（2）常见的 to do 的动词
决心学会想希望(decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish)，
拒绝设法愿假装(refuse，manage，care，pretend)。
主动答应选计划(offer，promise，choose，plan)，
同意请求帮一帮(agree，ask/beg，help)。
（3）常见的 doing的动词
避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, delay)， 建议完成多练习(suggest, finish, practice)
喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, can't help)，承认否定与妒忌(admit, deny, envy)，
逃脱冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, pardon)，忍受保持不在意(stand, keep, mind)。
（4）必背的固定搭配
to do
①be likely to do sth.很可能做某事
②be designed to do sth.被设计用来做某事
③be intended to do sth.打算做某事
④be to blame 应受责备(无被动)
⑤can hardly/can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
⑥There is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事。
⑦It takes sb.some time to do sth.某人花多少时间做某事。
⑧sb./sth.be said/supposed/believed/thought/known/reported to do/to be done/to have done据说/认为/报道某人/某物……
⑨It remains to be seen...……尚待分晓；拭目以待
⑩主语＋be＋adj.＋to do句型
适用于此结构的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，comfortable，safe，dangerous等。
doing
①be (well) worth doing sth.值得做某事
②can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事
③have fun doing sth.做某事很开心
④feel like doing sth.想做某事
⑤It’s no use/good/pleasure (in) doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处/乐趣
⑥have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
⑦be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事
⑧spend money/time (in) doing sth.花费金钱/时间做某事
⑨prevent/stop...(from) doing sth.阻止……做某事
⑩There is no sense/point (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义。
三、常见考法
初级难度：
(1)介词 doing
(2) 作主语
doing表一般习惯性的动作；to do表具体的一次动作。
中级难度
（1）常见固定搭配
（2）
做定语
非谓语做定语，逻辑主语通常为空前的名词
①若表将来的动作，用不定式to do；若表将来的被动动作，用to be done。
②若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v.ing)；若与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词(v.ed)。
③若表被动且为正在发生的动作，用being done。
④句中出现first，second等序数词，last，next，only等以及形容词最高级(＋名词)时，用不定式作定语。该结构中主语与不定式应是逻辑上的主谓关系。
⑤抽象名词ability，chance，opportunity，patience，plan，promise，right等后常用不定式作后置定语。
作状语
非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语往往是前面或后面句子的主语。
① 如逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，且表示进行，用doing。
② 如果是主动关系，但表示完成(即早于谓语动词发生)，用having done。
③ 如果是逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是动宾关系（翻译为被...），用done。
④ 如果非谓语动词表示目的或出乎意料的结果，用不定式; 表示自然而然的结果用v.ing。
小技巧
形容词化的v.ing，表示名词的属性，意为“令人……的”人或物；形容词化的v.ed，表示名词的心理状态。意为“感到……的”；一般修饰voice，look，expression时，其前往往用v.ed形式，表示内心的感受。如：
amused感到有趣的amusing有趣的 bored感到厌倦的boring令人厌倦的
encouraged受到鼓励的encouraging令人鼓舞的 frightened感到害怕的frightening令人害怕的
高级难度
句子比较复杂，需要准确翻译句子才能填对答案
四、经典练习
较易试题：
1．Scientists have responded by ______(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
答案 noting
解析 考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动词时要用其动名词形式作宾语，故填noting。
2．A 90yearold has been awarded“Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be) Britain’s oldest fulltime employee—still working 40 hours a week.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
答案 being
解析 考查非谓语动词。介词for后接动词时要用其动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
3．But some students didn’t want ______(wear) the uniform.(2019·浙江)
答案 to wear
解析 考查非谓语动词。want后加不定式作宾语，构成want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填to wear。
4．I still remember ______(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.(2018·浙江)
答案 visiting
解析 考查动名词作宾语。remember doing sth.记得做过某事。
5．You may drink，smoke，be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______(die) early by running.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
答案 dying
解析 考查非谓语动词。介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式，故填dying。
6．I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid ______(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
答案 looking
解析 考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth.避免做某事。
7．Fast food is full of fat and salt；by ______(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
答案 eating
解析 考查非谓语动词。表示方式的介词by后接动名词作宾语。故填eating。
8．This included digging up the road，______(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
答案 laying
解析 考查非谓语动词。included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。
9．But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants ______(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
答案 to prove
解析 考查固定搭配。want to do sth.想要做某事，为固定搭配。
10．______(learn) to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.(2019·天津)
答案 Learning
解析 考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语动词是is，is之前的内容是主语，故此处应用动名词短语作主语。
11．______(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
(2018·北京)
答案 Traveling
解析 考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语动词是is，is之前的内容是主语，故此处应用动名词短语作主语。
中档试题：
1．They make great gifts and you see them many times ______(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
答案 decorated
解析 考查非谓语动词。在“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾语与宾补之间是主动关系，用现在分词，表示动作正在进行。see sth.done看到某物被……，此处表示“看到礼物装点着红包和祝福好运的信息”。them与decorate是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。
2．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ______(surround) the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
答案 surrounding
解析 考查非谓语动词。在“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾语与宾补之间是主动关系，用现在分词，表示动作正在进行。the soft clouds与surround之间是主动关系，且表示正在发生的情景，故用现在分词形式。
3．On the last day of our weeklong stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，______(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
答案 listening
解析 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以listen应用非谓语动词形式。we与listen to之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后的meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
4．Nervously ______(face) challenges，I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words“Be yourself”．(2019·北京)
答案 facing
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语I，主语I与动词face之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。
5．______(enjoy) the convenience of digital payment，many senior citizens started to use smart phones.(2019·江苏)
答案 To enjoy
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了享受电子支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，这里表示目的，故用不定式作目的状语。
6．China’s image is improving steadily，with more countries ______(recognize) its role in international affairs.(2019·江苏)
答案 recognizing
解析 考查with复合结构。此处是with复合结构，动词recognize与其逻辑主语more countries之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。
7．Once his message was delivered，he allowed me ______(stay) and watch.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
答案 to stay
解析 考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，为固定搭配。
8．Ordinary soap，______(use) correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively.(2018·北京)
答案 used
解析 因为句子中已有谓语动词，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。句子的主语与use之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词，即过去分词作状语，used correctly相当于if it is used correctly这个条件状语从句的省略形式。
9．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ______(take)．(2018·天津)
答案 taken
解析 本题考查have sth.done结构，意为“让别人做某事，让……被做”。my photograph与take之间是被动关系，故需用take的过去分词形式。
10．They represent the earth ______ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
(2020·全国Ⅱ)
答案 coming
解析 考查非谓语动词。一个句子不能有两个谓语动词，而且空前的the earth与come是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
11．Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ______(change) lives.(2020·浙江)
答案 to change
解析 考查非谓语动词(不定式)。句意为：农业让人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。此处用不定式作定语，修饰technology，故填to change。
12．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene declared she had no plans ______ (retire) from her 36yearold business.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
答案 to retire
解析 考查非谓语动词。不定式作名词plans的后置定语，故填to retire。
13．When we got a call ______(say) she was shortlisted，we thought it was a joke.
(2019·全国Ⅱ)
答案 saying
解析 考查非谓语动词。动词say与其逻辑主语a call是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作后置定语，故填saying。
14．Earth Day，______(mark) on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.(2019·北京)
答案 marked
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语；动词mark与Earth Day之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词短语作定语。
15．Large amounts of caffeine can cause a problem ______(call) caffeinism.
答案 called
解析 设空处在名词problem后作定语，且call与problem之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。
16．The next morning he hired a boat and set out ______(find) the wellknown painter.
(2020·全国Ⅲ)
答案 to find
解析 考查非谓语动词。set out to do开始做……，为固定搭配。
17．They are easy ______(care) for and make great presents.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
答案 to care
解析 考查固定句式。sth.be easy to do某事很容易做。不定式用主动形式表达被动含义。
18．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s，and are expensive______(perform) consistently over a large area.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
答案 to perform
解析 考查非谓语动词。本句含有“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，主语通常是不定式动作的承受者，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。故填to perform。
19．I didn’t mean ______(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help ______ (try) it.(2018·天津)
答案 to eat；trying
解析 句意为：我没打算吃东西，但这冰激凌看上去如此美味以至于我忍不住尝了下。mean to do sth.打算做某事；mean doing sth.意味着做某事；can’t help doing sth.禁不住/忍不住做某事；can’t help (to) do sth.不能帮助做某事。
20．But unlike her school friends,16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm ______(rest)．
(2017·全国Ⅲ)
答案 resting
解析 考查固定搭配。spend time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”为固定搭配。
21．If you find something you love doing outside of the office，you’ll be less likely ______ (bring) your work home.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
答案 to bring
解析 考查不定式的用法。be likely to do sth.很可能做某事。
较难试题
1．The accident is reported ______(occur) on the first Sunday in February.
(2020·黑龙江实验中学质检)
答案 to have occurred
解析 短语be reported to表示“据报道”，后跟不定式，且事故发生在报道之前，故应用to have done形式，occur表示“发生”，没有被动语态。
2．However，most of the fires this year are believed ______(cause) by farmers，who use fire as a traditional way to clean land.(2020·江苏如皋调研)
答案 to be caused
解析 be believed to do 意为“被认为”；引起(cause)和火灾(fires)之间是被动关系，用be caused，所以空白处填to be caused。
3．I had taken small gestures like ______(be) welcomed，thoughtof or included for granted.(2020·吉林三调)
答案 being
解析 分析句子成分可知，like“像”是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填being。
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