动词不定式(-) The Infinitive(1)动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,在句中不能单独用作谓语,可用作其他句子成分，下面我们就来聊聊关于初中常见动词不定式?接下来我们就一起去了解一下吧!
初中常见动词不定式
动词不定式(-) The Infinitive(1)
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,在句中不能单独用作谓语,可用作其他句子成分。
动词不定式由“to 动词原形”构成,它可以带有自己的宾语、状语及其
逻辑主语等,并且它前面可直接使用疑问词,可直接加not进行否定。这些
结构称为动词不定式短语( infinitive phrase)。动词不定式或动词不定式短语在
句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。
1.动词不定式用作主语
To say is one thing. To do is another.说是一回事,做又是另一回事。
To learn English well is important.学好英语是非常重要的
当作主语的不定式短语较长时,常用It作形式主语,放在谓语之前的主语
位置,而将真正的主语(不定式短语)放在谓语之后。
It is important to learn English we.学好英语是非常重要的。
It is necessary for you to get there on time.你按时到达那里是必要的
took me seven months to give up smoking戒烟用了我七个月时间
动词不定式作主语时,常见的It作形式主语的句型有：
It is easy /hard difficult/ important/ possible necessary/good /bad.to
do.如:
It is difficult to get there in one hour.用一个小时到达那里是很困难的。
2.动词不定式用作表语
My duty is to clean the classroom.我的职责是清扫教室。
My mistake is to trust him.我的错误是信任他了.
3.动词不定式用作宾语
We wanted to buy another book.我们打算买另一本书。
I don' t know what to do.我不知道该干什么。
They don' t know how to use the dictionary他们不知道如何使用字典
些动词后面常常跟动词不定式作宾语,其中有
want,hope,wish,like,begin,start,decide,agree,plan, leam, manage 9
有些动词后面跟有复合宾语时,常用i作形式宾语,而把作真实宾语的
不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有fnd(发现), think
(认为), consider(认为),fel(觉得),make(使得)等。如:
The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space
大气中的尘埃使人难以获取太空的清晰图象。
He found it important to study the situation in Russia
他觉得研究俄罗斯形势很重要。
4动词不定式用作宾语补足语
有些谓语动词后常跟由“名词/代词 动词不定式”构成的复合宾语,其中
动词不定式用作宾语补足语。用动词不定式作其宾语补足语的常见动词有
allow, ask, expect, tell, teach, want
The teacher asked us to do exercise on the play after class老师要求我们课后作练习。
She told me to go with him.她让我和他一起去
在感观动词see, notice, look at. watch. observe.hear, listen to.feel等以及在使役动词make,let,have等后面作宾语补足语时,动词不定式不带to
I saw him go upstairs.我看见他上楼了。
We felt the house shake.我感觉房屋颤动了
The teacher made the boy clean the window again.老师迫使男孩再擦一遍窗
户
但这些动词变为被动语态时,动词不定式则成为主语补足语,to不能省
略。如:
The boy was made to clean the window again.这个男孩被迫又擦了一遍窗户.
5.动词不定式用作定语
动词不定式作定语要置于被修饰的名词之后。
She was the first person to find out the way.她是第一个找到这条路的人.
He has got a lot of questions fo ask.他有好多问题要问。
She has recently become very active in a campaign to educate young people to
stop smoking.她在当前教育年轻人禁烟的一场活动中表现十分积极.
6.动词不定式用作状语
动词不定式(短语)用作状语,常表示目的、结果、原因等。
In China, many cities have passed laws to stop smoking in public areas.( EA)
在中国,许多城市通过了法规来禁止在公共场所抽烟。
We turned the lights off in order not to waste electricity.(目的)为了不浪费
电,我们把这些灯关了。
I'm very sorry to hear that your mother is ill.(原因)听到你母亲生病的消
息,我很难过。
He is old enough to join the arm(结果)他已经到了入伍的年龄了。
