为什么最小的单词总是带来最大的麻烦?So 和 too 都可以修饰形容词或副词,那么有什么区别呢?在这节课中,我们将重点关注作为副词和加强词的so 和 too 的用法区别。
我们可以使用副词 so 和 too 来强化描述性形容词。强化意味着变得更大、更强或更强烈。
一、so
1、表示程度时,so 和 very 或 extremely 很像,相当于 to a great degree,意为“这么,这样,那么,那样,如此”等,用在形容词或副词之前:so 形容词/副词
- Her new outfit is so lovely.
- 她的新衣服真漂亮。
- The cake she made for my birthday is so beautiful!
- 她为我的生日做的蛋糕太漂亮了!
- This movie is so long.
- 这部电影太长了。
- It was so good to talk to you today!
- 今天能和你说话真是太好了!
- When did he get so fat?
- 他什么时候变得这么胖的?
2、So 不能用于格式:so 形容词 名词
She is so a beautiful woman.She is a so beautiful woman.
相反,在名词之前要使用 such,例如:
- She is such a beautiful woman!
- 她真是个漂亮的女人!
- I love my new boyfriend. He’s such a great person!
- 我爱我的新男友。他真是个了不起的人!
3、我们可以用 so much 或 so many 来表示许多,其中 so much 用于不可数名词
- I have so much studying to do before the test tomorrow!
- 明天考试前我有很多学习要做!
- Have you ever seen so much food?
- 你见过这么多食物吗?
So many 用于可数名词,例如:
- It was a great party last night. I met so many new people!
- 昨晚的派对很棒。我认识了这么多新人!
- She’s really popular. She has so many friends!
- 她真的很受欢迎。她有很多朋友!
4、带有 so 的特殊句子结构:so 形容词 that 从句
这个句子结构用来谈论那个子句中因“so 形容词”而出现的结果,其中 that 可以省略。
- The cake was so good (that) we couldn’t stop eating it!
- 蛋糕太好吃了,我们吃得停不下来!
- She looks so different (that) I hardly recognize her!
- 她看起来很不一样,我几乎认不出她了!
副词也可以用在这个句子结构中:
- She ran so fast she won the race!
- 她跑得很快,赢得了比赛!
Such,so much 和 so many 都可以用在这个句子结构中:
- It was such a good book (that) I couldn’t put it down.
- 这是一本好书,我爱不释手。
- I read so many books last year (that) I can’t remember them all!
- 去年我读了太多书,我都记不住了!
- I have so much studying to do (that) I won’t be able to go to the party tonight!
- 我有太多的学习要做,今晚我不能去参加聚会了!
二、too
1、与 so 一样,too 也课用在形容词或副词之前,而不出现在名词之前:too 形容词/副词
- Turn the music down. It’s too loud!
- 把音乐关小点。太吵了!
- She drives too fast.
- 她开得太快了。
- Don’t work too hard!
- 不要太努力!
- Don’t stay out too late. You have to get up early tomorrow!
- 不要在外面呆得太晚。你明天必须早起!
2、在两种情况下,too 可以用于表示正面的陈述,此时意思相当于 so 或 very
- You are too funny!
- 你太有趣了!
- You are too kind!
- 你太善良了!
3、有时,too 可以在前面加上强化词 way,far 或 much。
- She is way too skinny!
- 她太瘦了!
- She is far too young to be wearing that kind of outfit!
- 她太年轻了,不能穿那种衣服!
- It’s much too late to do anything about global warming.
- 现在对全球变暖采取任何行动都太晚了。
4、too 不能用于格式:too 形容词 名词
She is too a fat woman.She is a too fat woman.
5、没有类似 such 这样的词后接“形容词 名词”
6、然后,too much 和 too many 与 too 有类似的意思,前者修饰不可数名词。
- I ate too much chocolate.
- 我吃了太多巧克力。
- It takes up too much time.
- 它占用了太多时间。
- Too many 修饰可数名词:
- She’s fooled me one too many times.
- 她骗了我太多次了。
- How many TVs are too many?
- 多少台电视太多了?
当你想表达你很喜欢老师的课时,不要说成“Teacher, I love your class too much!”,它是一个消极的表达,最好说“I like your class a lot!”或“I really like your class!”。
7、带有too的特殊句子结构:too 形容词 动词不定式,这个结构用来解释为什么某人不能做某事
- I’m too tired to go out tonight.
- 我今晚太累了,不能出去。
- This soup is too hot to eat.
- 这汤太烫了,不能吃。
- She is too young to drive a car!
- 她太年轻了,不会开车!
- This box is too heavy to carry.
- 这个箱子太重了,搬不动。
副词也适用于这个结构:
- She drove too slowly to arrive on time.
- 她开车太慢,不能准时到达。
- We got home too late to see the beginning of the TV show.
- 我们回家太晚了,看不到电视节目的开始。
Too much 和 too many 也适用于这个结构:
- There were too many people at the picnic to count.
- 野餐的人太多了,数不胜数。
- I had too much work to do yesterday.
- 昨天我有太多的工作而不能做。
8、too 的另一种特殊的句子结构:too 形容词 for sb/sth (动词不定式)。
- This sweater is too big for me to wear.
- 这件毛衣太大了,我穿不了。
- We can’t go on this roller coaster. Alice is too short for this ride!
- 我们不能坐过山车。爱丽丝太矮了,不能坐这趟车!
- I’m too old for dolls! = I’m too old to play with dolls!
- 我太老了,不能玩洋娃娃了!
- This box is too heavy for me to carry.
- 这个箱子太重了,我搬不动。
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