The world has not seen a global crisis of this scale since World War II. Tens of millions of lives hang in the balance. The pandemic threatens to undo decades of progress that has lifted millions out of extreme poverty. Advanced countries, many of which have already boosted their own economies with trillions of dollars of stimulus packages, can and should do more.
1. see v.看见
△ 此句中see相当于witness, experience或go through；在汉语中see“看见”这个动作的执行者，也即主语，往往是有生命的，比如人或动物，但在英语中可用无生命的名词或名词短语做see的主语，比如：
● The world has seen an increasing number of natural disasters in the past decade.
● The past decade has seen an increasing number of natural disasters worldwide.
过去十年世界各地自然灾害更频繁了。
2. scale n.规模
3. hang in the balance 悬而未决，安危未定
4. threaten to 很有可能会...
△ 相当于 is likely to
5. undo v.消除
△ undo decades of progress消除几十年的进展，也即使得几十年的进展付诸东流
△ undo v.解开 undo shoelaces 解开鞋带 tie shoelaces 系好鞋带
6. lift v.提起，举起
△ lift sb out of extreme poverty 使...摆脱极端贫困; lift the ban on sth.解除...禁令；lift one’s hand 抬起某人的手
△ lift n.举起，电梯，搭便车 give sb. a lift/ride 给某人搭便车
7. advanced adj.发达的
△ 相当于developed
8. boost v.使增长，刺激
△ 相当于enhance, promote, fuel,strengthen等
9. trillion n.万亿
10. stimulus package 刺激方案
△ stimulate v.刺激
△ package n.包，包裹 stimulus package 即“一揽子刺激计划”
想象一下包裹中全是钞票，不愁没钱
所谓一揽子刺激计划其实就是直接发钱，帮助大家度过危机。那直接说“发钱”不就完了么，为啥要说“一揽子刺激计划”？
同样是赏景，诗人王勃赏完后说“落霞与孤鹜齐飞 ，秋水共长天一色”，但大部分人应该会说“看到了几只鸟啊”。道理是一样的~
第一段译文：这是自第二次世界大战以来全球最大的危机。上千万人的性命危在旦夕。过去几十年，我们已经帮助上千万人脱贫，但如今新冠大流行可能使得这一成果功亏一篑。众多发达国家已经出台了几万亿美元的刺激计划来提振经济，这些国家有能力也应该为全球做出更大的贡献。
But help should come from more places than just the usual top donors to international organizations. International lending institutions, for example, should work with developing countries to strengthen health, education, and other social safety nets during and after this crisis. In these developing countries, millions of hard-working small-business operators—hoteliers, shopkeepers, tour guides, and taxi drivers—have completely lost livelihoods and their ability to support their families.
11. donor n.捐赠者
12. strengthen v.加强
△ social safety net 上一篇讲过，表示社会保障体系
13. operator n.经营者
△ operate可表示“运转，操作，经营，做手术
● Ceiling and wall lights can operate independently.吊灯和壁灯可单独开关。
● Consumption of alcohol impairs your ability to drive a car or operate machinery.饮酒会削弱你驾驶汽车或操控机器的能力。
● But your partners will have no voice in how you operate your company.但是你的合伙人对你如何经营公司不会有发言权。
● Nuclear plants are expensive to build, though cheap to operate.核电站造价高昂，虽然运转费用低廉。
● I thought it was unethical for doctors to operate upon their wives.我认为医生为自己妻子做手术不合乎职业道德。
14. livelihood n.生计
第二段译文：发达国家向来是国际机构的主要资金支持者，但国际机构还需更广泛的支持。比如，在疫情当下及疫情过后，国际贷款机构应帮助发展中国家加强其健康、教育及其他社会保障网络。受疫情影响，发展中国家上百万辛苦工作的个体经营者，比如旅馆老板、店主、导游、出租车司机完全失去了生活来源，无法养家糊口。
Governments in these countries can, with some assistance, inject cash to help get families through the crisis. For example, WFP is working with the transitional government in Sudan to help strengthen its Family Support Programme to safeguard people at risk of slipping into extreme poverty.
15. assistance n.援助
△ assist v.帮助=help=aid; assistant n.助手
前文提到International lending institutions，因此此处assistance具体指的是资金支持
16. inject v.注射
向家庭注射资金，治疗“贫困”，是不是很形象？
17. safeguard v.保障
18. slip v.滑落，滑倒
△ slip into extreme poverty 陷入极端贫困，lift sb out of poverty就是把某人从贫困中拉出来，即“帮助某人摆脱贫困”
△ slippery adj.滑的
第三段译文：国际贷款机构如伸出援手，发展中国家就能够提供资金，帮助这些从业者及其家庭度过危机。比如，联合国世界粮食计划署正与苏丹过渡政府一道，通过援助其“家庭支持方案”，帮助那些有可能陷入极端贫困的人群。
Avoiding a hunger pandemic and helping to eliminate poverty and hunger will require not just public investment in social protections but also greater action from private businesses through direct investment and through public-private partnerships in sectors such as agriculture. A joint study from WFP, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, and the UN International Fund for Agricultural Development calculates that additional investments of $265 billion per year—just 0.3 percent of projected world income—could eliminate poverty and hunger by 2030. That may seem like an enormous sum, but it is well within the means of rich countries, institutions, and individuals to mobilize.
19. eliminate v.消除
△ 相当于get rid of，eliminate a bad habit 摆脱坏习惯
△ eliminate v.淘汰
● Their team was eliminated in the first round.
他们队在第一轮就被淘汰了。
20. public-private partnership 又称PPP模式，即政府和社会资本合作
21. sector n.行业=industry
22. joint adj.共同的，联合的
△ a joint venture 合资企业
△ joint n.关节，结合处
● The doctor put his bone into the joint again.医生使他的骨头复位。
23. calculate v.计算，预测
△ calculator n.计算器
24. project v.估计
△ 相当于estimate, calculate, predict等
25. enormous adj.极大的
26. means n.财富
△ means n.方式，途径 by no means 绝不（注意置于句首句子应倒装）；by means of通过...的方式
27. mobilize v.调动
△ mobile phone 移动电话；mobile adj.移动的，流动的 a highly mobile society高度流动的社会；mobility n.流动性，移动能力
mobilize v.调动，动员
● The best hope is that we will mobilize international support and get down to action.最好的希望是我们能争取到国际上的支持，然后采取行动。
● Earlier this year, China mobilized resources from all over the country to help Wuhan in the fight against the coronavirus.今年早些时候，中国调集全国各地资源帮助武汉抗击疫情。
● They are mobilizing their supporters to vote at the election.他们正在动员其支持者给他们投票。
第四段译文：避免饥饿大流行、消除贫困及饥饿不仅需要我们对社会保障体系加大投入，也需要私有企业直接或者通过与政府合作，加大对诸如农业等行业的投入。联合国世界粮食计划署和联合国国际农业发展基金联合开展的一项研究预计，每年投入全球收入的0.3%，也即2650亿美元，到2030年，全球便可消除贫困及饥饿。2650美元看似是一笔巨款，但发达国家、国际组织及私有行业一道是完全有能力筹集到这笔资金的。
The possibility of a sharp rise in hunger as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic is frightening. But I remain optimistic. I often have to call on world leaders to support WFP’s mission, and they have usually stepped up to help. For example, contributions from the United States have risen from less than $2 billion per year to more than $3 billion per year in the last three years. That generosity is desperately needed. The gains made against poverty and hunger in recent decades are too hard fought to surrender now.
28. sharp adj.急剧的
△ a sharp rise 急剧增长
△ sharp adj.锋利的，灵敏的 a sharp knife 锋利的刀；sharp eyes/noses/ears 敏锐的目光/嗅觉/听觉
● Cats have sharp claws.猫有锋利的爪子。
● The masses have sharp eyes. 群众的眼睛是雪亮的。
29. mission n.任务，使命
30. contribution n.贡献，捐赠
31. generosity n.慷慨
△ generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
32. desperately adv.极其地，非常地
△ desperate adj.绝望的，不顾一切的，极其
比如有一部美剧叫 Desperate Housewives《绝望的主妇》；be in desperate need of sth.=need sth. desperately 极其需要某物
33. surrender v. （被迫）放弃
△ too hard fought to surrender now，fight for sth 为争取...而战斗，fight agaisnt sth.为反对...而战；国际社会此前显然是fight against poverty and hunger努力战胜贫困及饥饿，取得了一定进展gains, fight过去式及过去分词为fought，fought，这种进展gains得来十分不易too hard fought, 不能surrender，即因疫情功亏一篑；因此too hard fought to surrender now表示“抗击贫困及饥饿所取得的进展相当不易，决不能因疫情功亏一篑。
△ surrender v.投降
第五段译文：想想新冠疫情可能导致全球饥饿率大幅上升就令人后怕。但我依旧保持积极的心态。我经常呼吁各国领导支持联合国世界粮食计划署的工作，各国领导也通常会积极响应。比如过去三年，美国为联合国世界粮食计划署提供的资金从不到20亿美元增长到了30多亿美元。美国的解囊相助正是疫情当下全球最需要的。近几十年来抗击贫困及饥饿所取得的进展相当不易，决不能因疫情功亏一篑。
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