If you've never thought of holes as mysterious, wait until you hear about these.，下面我们就来说一说关于地球上目前最大的地下洞穴传说?我们一起去了解并探讨一下这个问题吧!
地球上目前最大的地下洞穴传说
If you've never thought of holes as mysterious, wait until you hear about these.
On the property of Caynton Hall in Shropshire England there are a number of small openings that look like ordinary rabbit holes.
如果你从未认为洞穴很神秘，听了今天这些，你就会改观。
在英格兰萨罗普的康屯儿厅有许多像普通兔子洞一样的小洞。
But if we've learned anything from Alice, it's that there's never just a rabbit down there.
The holes actually lead to an underground series of chambers know as the Caynton caves.
但如果你曾听过《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，就知道那不只有兔子下去过。
这些洞实际上通向了一系列被称作康屯儿洞的地下厅堂。
But these are no natural phenomenon.
The caves are actually man made and were hollowed out from sandstone to create arched hallways, chambers, columns, and alcoves.
但这并不是自然现象事实上这些洞穴是人造的。
人们在沙石中挖出洞来，以建造拱顶大厅、内庭、柱子和壁龛。
It's not known for sure who built the caves or why.
Historic England has listed the caves as being from the 18th or 19th century, but local legend has it that the caves could be nearly 700 years old.
建造者和建造原因不很明确。
历史英格兰曾指出这些洞穴起源于十八或十九世纪，但在当地的传说中，这些洞可能有近七百年的历史。
Some believe that they may have even been used as a secret meeting place for members of the Knights Templar.
In more recent decades, the caves seem to draw visitors practicing black magic which has led to the caves being sealed from the public in 2012.
有人相信它们甚至曾被用作圣殿骑士的秘密会议地点。
很多年来这些洞穴像施了魔法一样吸引着游客，这也导致了这些洞穴从2012年起开始对公众封闭。
Located off the I-205 outside of Portland Oregon, is maybe one of the most bizarre roadside attractions that there is.
You'll be able to spot the mystery deluxe hole by the giant sculpture of a red eyed rodent with a shovel set up behind it.
这个洞穴位于俄勒冈州波特兰市外的 205 号州际公路旁，这也许是最奇特的路边景点了。
你能看到一个神秘而豪华的洞穴，进去前你会看到一只巨型红眼老鼠雕塑，老鼠还拿着一把铲子。
The hole itself isn't much bigger in diameter than a sewer manhole and is equipped with a ladder that leads down a tunnel into the earth.
The hole was discovered by the property owner who goes by the amazing name of Barron Mind.
洞本身的直径并不比一个下水道井盖大，它装备了一把通向地下通道的梯子。
这片地的所有者巴伦·阿思发现了这个洞穴，这是个神奇的名字。
You'll need permission to go exploring, though, since it's in Barron's backyard.
No one knows how the hole got there or even how deep it goes.
由于它在巴伦的后院，想探索的话必须征得同意。
没有人知道洞是怎样到这儿来的甚至没法知道它多深。
But most experts agree that it didn't happen naturally.
Visitors can explore the tunnels but you have to sign a safety waiver first.
但多数专家认同它并不是自然天成的。
游人可以探索这个隧道，但必须签下一份生死状。
But once inside, the mystery hole is said to be full of healing powers which have been dubbed the enchanting vapors of encouragement.
Well, seems like an odd title but whatever sells.
一旦进去到里面这个神秘的洞，据说充满了被称为鼓励迷气的治愈力量。
好吧，这似乎是一个老话题了，但也是个卖点。
Cenote Esqueleto, also known as the temple of doom, is one of the most dangerous scuba diving spots in the entire world.
It's located just outside of Tulum Mexico near the Caribbean coast and is part of the white caves system that was formed over 12,000 years ago.
骨头天然井也被称作死亡神殿，它是世界上最危险的轻便潜水项目地点。
它就在墨西哥的图鲁姆玛雅遗址外，加勒比海滩附近，它是一万两千多年前形成的白色洞穴群的一部分。
For those brave enough to enter, the only way in is through a 25 foot diameter hole in the earth. And there's no easy way down.
对于敢于进入的人们，位于地表的直径二十五英尺的洞穴是必经之路。而且也没有什么捷径下去。
So, the best way in is to just jump into the water 20 feet below. But then once inside, you can start exploring the massive cave system which measures over 143 miles and is part of the world's largest underground river.
最好的办法就是跳到二十英尺下的水中。一旦你进去了，你就可以开始探索超过 143 英里的巨大洞穴系统，它们是世界上最大的地下河系统的一部分。
And these aren't just your average awe inspiring underwater caves.
During an exploration mission in March of 2008, divers found the remains of a mastodon that measured 141 feet long and the bones of a teenage girl from the paleo Indian period which are the oldest evidence of humans living in the Americas.
并且这些并不是一般的令人生畏又着迷的水下洞穴。
在08年3月份的一次探险任务中，潜水者们发现了长达 141 英尺的乳齿象残骸和古印第安少女的骨架，这些是人类在美洲生活的最早的证据。
Who knows what else is down there. Go find out for yourself, if you're brave enough.
谁知道这下面还有些什么呢？如果你足够勇敢的话自己去找吧。
Located near Rock Springs in Edwards county Texas, the devil's sinkhole is a massive chasm made of limestone.
The hole itself is approximately 40 by 60 feet and opens to the largest single chamber cave in Texas 400 feet below.
位于德州爱德伍德郡烈石山泉的魔鬼洞是一个巨大的石灰岩深坑。
洞本身直径约四十到六十英尺，通到地下四百英尺，是德州最大的独立洞穴。
Local residents officially discovered it in 1876, but experts believe that evidence found around the site suggests that nomadic tribes were using the area between 4500 and 2500 BC. Archeologists also believe it may have originally been a sacred place for native peoples hundreds of years ago.
正式记载是当地居民在1876年发现它，但专家们认为在洞穴周围发现的证据显示早在公元前4500年到2500年之间游牧部落曾在这片区域活动。
考古学家也相信，也许它在几百年前原本是当地人的圣地。
Unfortunately, most of the artifacts were taken by explorers or treasure hunters or simply destroyed when the cave was briefly used for mining bat guano for fertilizer.
Visitors are no longer allowed inside but that's probably a good thing.
不幸的是，多数手工艺品或被探险者、寻宝者拿走。
或是在这个洞穴被短暂用作蝙蝠粪肥产地时被破坏。游客不再被允许入内，但这也许是一件好事。
The sinkhole is home to the largest colony of Mexican free tail bats in the world and as dusk sets in during the summer, nearly three million bats take flight through the opening.
Okay, that would not be fun just having bats flying around you.
因为魔鬼洞是世界上最大的墨西哥无尾蝠栖息地，在夏季的黄昏时分会将近三百万只蝙蝠从洞中起飞。
好吧，有很多蝙蝠在你周围飞，也许不会很有趣。
Oh, mama no. Ain't nobody got time for that. On May 30 of 2010, a massive sinkhole opened up in Guatemala City during hurricane Agatha.
噢，妈啊，不。你还敢去吗?在2010年5月30日，阿加莎飓风袭击期间危第马拉城开了一个陷洞。
The enormous sinkhole was 65 feet wide and 300 feet deep.
And it was so big, it took out an entire city block including a three story factory.
这个巨大的陷洞有六十五英尺宽三百英尺深。
它太大了，摧毁了整个街区，包括一个三层楼高的工厂。
15 people were killed and another 300 local residents were evacuated.
Experts believe that the ground had actually been eroding for years but a number of factors leading up to that day caused the disaster including huge amounts of rain from the hurricane, the eruption of the Pacaya volcano only a few days before, and leaking and unstable sewer pipes.
整个街区有十五人遇难，另有三百名当地居民被疏散。
专家认为这片土地实际上已经被侵蚀了好多年了，许多因素的集合造成了那天的灾难，包括飓风带来的大量降水，几天前棕榈树火山的爆发，泄漏且不稳固的下水道。
But this wasn't the first time that a sinkhole struck the city.
Only three years earlier, on February 23, 2007, a sinkhole collapsed in the northeast of the city killing five people.
但这不是陷洞第一次袭击这座城市了。
仅在三年前即07年的2月23日，在城市东北角出现一个陷洞，并造成五人死亡。
That hole was 330 feet deep and cost the city $2.7 million to repair the damage and fill the hole.
Located in Catawba Virginia, the ominously named murder hole, is a thing of local legend.
那个洞有三百三十英尺深，这个城市花了两百七十万美元填洞及修复创伤。
这个洞位于弗吉尼亚的卡托巴被不吉利地命名为谋杀洞，这源于当地传说。
The murder hole is on the 34 acre private property of Marian and Dan McConnell who are avid cave divers and even built their house in view of the cave entry.
The Appalachian trail runs through this part of Virginia so the area is full of deep and mysterious caves.
谋杀洞位于玛丽亚和丹.麦康奈尔的 34 英亩私有土地上，他们是热情的洞潜者，他们甚至把屋子建得可以看到整个洞穴。
阿巴拉契亚山脉穿过弗吉尼亚州的这片地方，所以这片地区到处都是深邃而神秘的洞穴。
The hole is 100 feet wide and 120 feet deep and is the entry way into the daylight cave.
But there are lower levels that go 234 feet into the earth.
这个洞有一百英尺宽一百二十英尺深，是一个露天山洞的入口。
那里还有更深的地方一直深入到地下 234 英尺。
And even led to a chamber with a 75 foot high ceiling.
The cave has attracted explorers for decades but not all have made it out alive.
甚至还通到一个高 75 英尺的岩洞。
这洞穴几十年来一直吸引着探险家们，但不是所有的人都能活着出去。
In 1958, a student from Virginia Tech's rope snapped causing him to fall to his death.
And rumor has it that a deserter during the civil war was thrown into the hole by angry fellow soldiers and other rumors of those who commit suicide by throwing themselves in.
在1958年，一个来自弗吉尼亚技工学院的学生由于绳子断开而跌落死亡。
江湖传言，在美国内战期间，愤怒的战友曾把一名逃兵扔进洞里，也有流言称有人跳进去自杀。
The Siberian mystery craters have also been referred to as gateways to the underworld.
The giant craters started appearing throughout Siberia Russia in 2013.
西伯利亚神秘火山口也曾被叫作通往地下世界的门户。
在2013年，俄国西伯利亚地区出现了许多火山口。
The three main craters have been found in the Yamal and Taymyr peninsulas in the Taz district. And measure up to almost 100 feet in diameter each.
主要的三个火山口在小胡子地区的亚马尔半岛和泰米尔半岛被发现。经测量每个火山口直径都达近一百英尺。
When reindeer herders discovered the first crater there was a lot of speculation on how it was formed, with theories ranging from asteroids, stray missiles to aliens.
But the debris that's been found spread around the holes indicates that it was actually an explosion from inside the earth that left these massive craters.
当养鹿人发现第一个火山口关于它是怎样形成的有很多猜测，从小行星到偏离轨道的导弹再到外星人。
但散落在洞穴周围的碎片表明，造成这些火山口的实际上是来自地球内部的爆炸。
Experts believe that as the climate has warmed, the permafrost in these remote locations has been melting, causing a buildup of methane gas.
And over time, all that pressure from the gas had to go somewhere and, bam, giant craters everywhere.
专家认为随着气候变暖，在这些偏远地带的永冻土已经开始融化，这导致了甲烷气体的增加。随着时间的增加，气体的压力必须得到释放接着。
呯！到处都是巨大的火山口了。
Located near Derweze Turkmenistan, satan's supposed front door is officially known as the Darvaza gas crater. Found in a natural gas field in the Karakum desert, the gas crater measures 226 feet in diameter and almost 100 feet deep.
位于土库曼斯坦的德维斯的魔鬼的正门，官方称其为德维斯瓦斯火山口。它在一处位于卡拉库姆沙漠的天然油气田中，被发现这个瓦斯火山口，经测直径达 226 英尺并且接近一百英尺深。
It was formed in 1971 when Soviet engineers began drilling in what they thought was a huge oil field. But they had set their equipment up over a natural gas pocket with the plan to determine just how much oil they were sitting on.
1971年苏联工程师开始钻探这个被他们认为是巨大油气田的地方时，它形成了。他们把设备安置在一个天然油气井上，打算测量这地方蕴藏了多少油。
But instead, the earth collapsed into the underground cavern below them completely destroying the rig and camp.
Despite its nickname, the crater wasn't always a fiery pit of doom.
然而下方的地面塌陷了完全摧毁了设备和营地。尽管有这样一个呢称，这个火山口并不总是炽烈的地狱深井。
After the collapse, scientists were worried that all the poisonous gas that had been trapped would spread to the nearby towns.
So, they set it on fire, thinking it would all burn off within weeks.
在那次塌陷后，科学家担心油气井中所含的有毒气体会扩散到周围的市镇。所以他们把它点着了，希望它会在几周内被燃尽。
But over 40 years later it's still burning.
Blue holes are one of the most beautiful natural wonders in the world.
但四十年过去了它还在烧着。蓝洞是世界上最漂亮的自然奇观之一。
And the great blue hole is no exception. Located 60 miles off the coast of Belize, the hole is actually a massive underwater sinkhole at the center of the lighthouse reef.
伯利兹大蓝洞无疑是最漂亮的。它在伯利兹海滩外六十英里这个洞，事实上是一个位于灯塔礁中心的巨大水下洞穴。
And it's the largest of it's kind measuring nearly 1,000 feet wide and 400 feet deep. The hole was formed during the last ice age over 1,000 years ago.
也是这类洞穴中最大的，一个经测量它的宽度达近一千英尺深度达四百英尺。这个洞在上一个冰川期的超过一千年的时间里形成。
It was originally a limestone cave but as the sea levels rose, the cave flooded and became part of what is now the Caribbean sea. The cave itself is full of stalactites which are rock formations that look like they are dripping.
它原本是一个石灰石洞穴，但随着海平面上升，洞被淹没变成了今天的加勒比海的一部分。洞穴本身有许多呈岩石形态的滴落状的钟乳石。
This and the clear blue water massive reef and scores of tropical fish has made the great blue hole a major tourist destination. It's also one of the most popular spots for experienced scuba divers.
这些和清澈的蓝色海水，巨大喑礁和成群的热带鱼使得伯利兹大蓝洞成为一个重要的旅游地。它也是浅海潜水的最受欢迎的地点之一。
Thanks in large part to the explorer Jacques Cousteau who in 1971 set out to study what the hole was made out of. The Xiaozhai Tiankeng also known as the heavenly pit, is located in the Fengjie County Chongqing City China.
这多亏了探险家雅克.库斯托在1971年开始着手研究这里的洞穴组成。小寨天坑又称天坑，它位于中国重庆的奉节县。
And it looks like something straight out of Pandora. It's the world's largest sinkhole with an opening 2,053 feet wide and nearly 2,171 feet deep.
它就像来自潘多拉的东西。它是世界最大的陷洞洞口，2,053 英尺宽洞深近 2,171 英尺。
Despite being absolutely ginormous, it wasn't discovered until 1994 when British explorers from the Royal Geographic Society just happened to find it. The heavenly pit is surrounded by thousands of different plants that cascade down its sloped walls.
尽管特别大，然而直到1994年它才被发现，还是英国皇家地理学会的探险家们意外发现的。天坑被数千种倾泻下来的植物环绕着。
It's also home to many different animal species including rare geckos and the snow leopard.
And in the rainy season, there's even a natural waterfall that forms at the sinkhole opening.
它也是许多种野生物种的家园，包括稀有的蜥蜴和雪豹。
在多雨的季节，洞口甚至会形成一个天然的瀑布。
The cave is also connected to a five mile long underground river that runs from the Tianjing fissure gorge to the Migong River.
And if you're ever up for a hike, there's a 2,800 step staircase and wooden walkway that lead through the caves below.
洞穴与一条五英里长地下河流相连，这条地下河则连着从喜马拉雅一直流到湄公河的地下河。
如果你曾去那远足那里，有两千八百级的阶梯和通向洞穴底的木质走廊。
That's pretty intense. Better get your hiking boots on.
那需要你全程非常小心。最好穿上你的远足鞋。
Thank you so much for watching this.
And just a reminder that my brand new limited edition t-shirt is only available for a couple more days until June 5th and once they're gone, they're gone forever, so make sure you get yours now, before they sell out by clicking the I on your screen now or the link under this video.
谢谢观看。以下仅为建议，我最新的限量版情侣T恤6月5日截止售卖，机不可失，时不再来，点击屏幕上的我或者屏幕下方的链接，确保你能在卖完之前买到它们。
And don't forget I'll have a brand new video for you tomorrow at three Eastern Standard Time. I'll see you then.
不要忘记我明天会在（美国）东部时间三点时给你们带来一个全新的视频。再见。
,
