一：There be 句型基本认识1、定义：there be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。——— 主谓一致(1)There is 单数可数名词/不可数名词 地点状语.
There is a bird in the tree. （树上有一只鸟。）(2) There are 复数名词 地点状语.
There are two birds in the tree. （树上有一只鸟。）
二：就近原则
There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。There be句型遵循“就近原则”。
There is an eraser and four pencils in the pencil case.(铅笔盒里有一块橡皮和四支铅笔)
解析：靠近Be动词的主语是an eraser，单数，所以我们be动词用 is.
There are four pencils and an eraser in the pencil case.(铅笔盒里有四支铅笔和一块橡皮)
解析：靠近Be动词的主语是 four pencils, 复数， 所以我们的be动词用are.
三：There be 句型肯定句，否定句和一般疑问句转换规律&特殊疑问句的问法
（一）There be 句型的否定形式
There be 句型的否定： 否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可
is not =isn’t are not= aren’t
但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.
1.There is a knife in the kitchen. 否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.
2.There are five apples on the tree. 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.
（二）There be 句型的疑问形式
口诀：4步走
- be动词提前；
- 首字母大写；
- 句号变问号；
- 人称改变：my-your; I-you; some-any...
肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are. 否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
例子1：可数名词单数
肯定句：There is an apple on the tree.
疑问句 ：Is there an apple on the tree?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.
例子2：可数名词复数
肯定句：There are six pens on the desk.
疑问句：Are there six pens on the desk?
肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.
例子3：不可数名词 （不可数名词视为单数）
肯定句：There is some water in the cup. （水是不可数名词）
否定句 ：Is there any water in the cup?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.
（三）There be 句型的特殊疑问句主要有How many和 How much做引导两种情况：
How many students are there in your school? 你们学校有多少学生？
解析：How many 修饰可数名词复数，students是可数名词，用How many 修饰。
How much money is there in your pocket? 你口袋里有多少钱?
解析：How much 修饰不可数名词，money是不可数名词，用How much 修饰。
四.There be 主语 doing 介词短语
There is a purse lying on the ground.(地上有一个钱包)
五：There be 句型的反意疑问句
遵循规则：前肯后否，前否后肯。
There is a cup on the table, isn’t there? 桌子上有只杯子，是吗？
There is some orange in the glass, isn’t there? 杯子里有桔汁，是吗?
There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, aren’t there? 邮筒里有很多信件，是吗？
There will be a new hospital nearby, won’t there? 附近要建一家新医院，是吗?
五： There be句型和 have 的区分
1.相同点：在表示结构上的含有时，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用have（has） 来表示。如：
There are many long rivers in China./China has many long rivers.中国有许多长河。
2.区别点：there be 意为存在，强调某地有某物，不表示所属关系；have 表示所有关系， 强调某人或某地有某物，这是其基本用法, 结构为：主语 have 物品。如：
There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些树。
Tom has many friends in China.汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
来几道题目检测下吧，看看你掌握得怎么样？
1.There _____ any rice in the bowl.
A. are B. is C. isn't D. aren't
2.There_____ many apples on the tree last year.
A. have been B. were C. are D. is
3.There is some milk in the bottle,______?
A. isn't there B. aren't there C. isn't it D. is there
4.There______ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.
A. is a B. are some C.has a D.have some
,
