Written by Steven J GoodmanPosted on February 20, 2019 at 10:31 AM
While it's true that The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has long issued a series of recommended standards for electrical and electronics design, those standards do not actually specify wiring color purposes in the way that a lot of people think they do. This is surprising given that those standards do contain extensive discussion on wiring and power cables.
虽然电气与电子工程师学会(IEEE)长期以来确实发布了一系列电气与电子设计的推荐标准，但这些标准实际上并没有像许多人认为的那样，明确规定布线的颜色用途。这是令人惊讶的，因为这些标准确实包含了关于布线和电力电缆的广泛讨论。
Instead, wiring color management is overseen in large part by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA). As of 2018, the current recommendation for coloring breakdowns is as follows:
相反，布线颜色管理在很大程度上是由电信行业协会(TIA)监督的。截至2018年，目前关于着色细目的建议如下:
- Orange cables represent a demarcation point for central office termination.橙色电缆代表中央办公室终端的分界点。
- Green cables represent the termination of network connections on the customer side of the demarcation point.绿色电缆代表客户端网络连接的终止分界点。
- Purple cables are used to specify the termination of cables that originate from common equipment like LANs, PBXs, computers or multiplexers.紫色电缆是用来指定终端的电缆起源于普通设备，如局域网，程控交换机，计算机或多路复用器。
- White cables indicate first-level backbone telecommunications media termination in the building containing the main cross-connect.白色电缆指示包含主交叉连接的建筑物中的一级主干电信媒体终端。
- Grey cables indicate second-level backbone telecommunications media termination in the building containing the main cross-connect.灰色电缆表示包含主交叉连接的建筑物中的二级主干电信媒体终端。
- Blue cables indicate the termination of telecommunications media and are required only at the equipment room end of the cable, not at the telecommunications outlet.蓝色电缆表示电信媒体的终止，只需要在电缆的设备室一端，而不是在电信出口。
- Red cables are used to signify the termination of key telephone systems within an organization.红色电缆用于表示组织内关键电话系统的终止。
Various Colored Wire Jackets in Cables 各种彩色电缆护套
Having said all this, it's equally important to acknowledge that while these standards do exist in the most technical sense of the term, there's nothing that really demands that they be used in a particular building or environment. Most of the time, the use of wire jacket colors in cables will vary heavily depending on the business you're talking about, the industry it's operating in or even who set up the network infrastructure at any given time.
说了这么多，同样重要的是要承认，虽然这些标准确实存在于这个术语的最技术意义上，但并没有什么真正要求它们在特定的建筑或环境中使用。在大多数情况下，电缆中金属丝护套颜色的使用会有很大的不同，这取决于你所谈论的业务，它所在的行业，甚至是谁在任何给定的时间建立了网络基础设施。
Even TIA's own recommendations, as outlined above, can vary wildly depending on which country you're talking about. In the United States, cables originating from common equipment like multiplexers are singled out using the color purple. In Canada, they use a white or silver color. Purple cables in Canada indicate first level backbone telecommunications media termination, whereas in the United States those same cables are traditionally white.
即使是 TIA 自己的建议，如上所述，也会因为你所说的国家而有很大的不同。在美国，来自普通设备(如多路复用器)的电缆被挑选出来使用紫色。在加拿大，他们使用白色或银色。加拿大的紫色电缆表示一级主干电信媒体终端，而在美国，这些电缆传统上是白色的。
As stated, these were always more guidelines than hard and fast rules to begin with and, because of that, they can also vary depending on the industry you're talking about. The Department of Defense, for example, uses cabling colors that closely align with the classification levels of the information being stored on the devices they're connected to. Blue colored cables typically identify unclassified data, for example, while red indicates a "secret" classification level. Yellow denotes "top secret", and so on and so forth.
如上所述，这些总是更多的指导方针，而不是硬性和快速的规则开始，因此，他们也可以根据你所谈论的行业而变化。例如，国防部使用的布线颜色与所连接设备上存储的信息的分类级别非常接近。例如，蓝色电缆通常识别非机密数据，而红色表示“机密”分类级别。黄色代表“最高机密”等等。
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The University of Wisconsin, on the other hand, uses a totally different color system for its cable assemblies. Grey-colored cables typically represent standard ethernet connections, while green cables represent crossover ethernet connections. Yellow cables are used to signify POE (power over ethernet), while blue cables are used for terminal server connections.
另一方面，威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的电缆组件使用完全不同的颜色系统。灰色电缆通常代表标准的以太网连接，而绿色电缆代表交叉以太网连接。黄色电缆用于表示 POE (以太网供电) ，而蓝色电缆用于终端服务器连接。
When you consider that in the aforementioned example, blue cables represented the termination of telecommunications media, it's easy to see just how varied these colors can be in execution depending on the context one finds themselves in.
当您考虑到在上述例子中，蓝色电缆代表了电信媒体的终止时，很容易看出这些颜色在执行时可以有多么不同，这取决于您发现自己所处的情景。
Provided that some type of color classification system is A) created by those setting up the network infrastructure in the first place and is B) closely adhered to by everyone working in the environment from that point on, the actual colors used matter less than what it is they represent. So long as that classification system exists at all, most organizations will be able to enjoy as many of the benefits with as few of the downsides as possible.
假设某种类型的颜色分类方案是 a)由那些最初设置网络基础设施的人创建的，并且是 b)从那时起在环境中工作的每个人都紧密遵守的，那么实际使用的颜色比它们所代表的要少。只要这种分类方案存在，大多数组织就能够在尽可能少的缺点下享受尽可能多的好处。
What Are The Standard Wire Colors For DC Circuits?直流电路的标准导线颜色是什么？Along the same lines, wiring for both AC and DC power distribution branch circuits also use a color-coded system of their own, specifically to help people working within those environments better identify specific wires. This, too, is something that can vary significantly. In one area, wire colors may be specified in legal documents whereas in others, local custom dictates which colors are chosen for which purpose.
沿着同样的路线，交流和直流电源分配支路的布线也使用自己的颜色编码系统，特别是为了帮助在这些环境中工作的人更好地识别特定的电缆。这一点也可能有很大的不同。在一个地区，金属丝的颜色可以在法律文件中指定，而在其他地区，当地习俗规定选择哪些颜色的目的。
In terms of DC circuits, the US National Electrical Code specifies that any grounded neutral conductor of a power system needs to be identified with either a white or grey color. The protective ground must be either green or green with a yellow stripe or, in some cases, bare.在直流电路方面，美国国家电气法规规定，电力系统中任何接地的中性导体都需要标识为白色或灰色。保护性的场地必须是绿色或带有黄色条纹的绿色，或者在某些情况下是裸露的。
To break things down further, recommended DC power circuit wiring color codes are as follows:为了进一步细分，推荐的直流电源电路接线颜色代码如下:
- The positive of a negative grounded circuit is usually red.
- The negative of a negative grounded circuit is usually white.
- The positive of a positive grounded circuit is usually white.
- The negative of a positive grounded circuit is usually black.
- 负接地电路的正极通常是红色的。
- 负接地电路的负极通常是白色的。
- 正接地电路的正极通常是白色的。
- 正接地电路的负极通常是黑色的。
In a two-wire ungrounded DC power system, on the other hand, there are no recommendations for color coding to speak of. Because of that, the positive is usually red and the negative is usually black as per local electrical inspectors.
另一方面，在两线不接地的直流电力系统中，没有关于彩色编码的建议。因此，正极通常是红色的，负极通常是黑色的，就像当地的电气检查员所说的那样。
What Are The Standard Wire Colors For AC Circuits?交流电路的标准导线颜色是什么？The same is true for AC circuits, too. In the United States, for example, the US National Electrical Code only specifies the use of white (or grey) for the neutral power conductor and for bare copper wire. Green, or green with a particular yellow stripe, are used to identify the protective ground. Based on that, any other color beyond those mentioned could be used for power conductors depending on the situation.交流电路也是如此。例如，在美国，美国国家电气法规只规定中性电力导体和裸铜线使用白色(或灰色)。绿色，或带有特定黄色条纹的绿色，用于识别保护地。在此基础上，任何其他颜色超过这些提到可以用于电源导体视情况而定。
Color coding for AC power usually breaks down as follows:交流电源的颜色编码通常分解如下:
- Line, single phase circuits are usually black or red.
- Line, three phase L1 wires are usually black.
- Line, three phase L2 wires are usually red.
- Line, three phase L3 wires are usually blue.
- 线路、单相电路通常为黑色或红色。
- 线路，三相 L1线通常是黑色的。
- 线路，三相 L2线通常是红色的。
- 线路，三相 L3线通常是蓝色的。
Generally speaking, the process of creating a custom wire jacket color is simple - you just need to make sure you're working with the right custom cable manufacturer in the first place.一般来说，创建一个自定义金属丝护套颜色的过程是简单的-你只需要确保你的工作与正确的自定义电缆制造商摆在首位。
When you partner with a provider like Epec Engineered Technologies, you're able to create highly reliable custom cables based on any design and print requirements that you may have. Not only will such a partner be able to fully assist you with cable and connector selection (including custom jacket color), but they'll also be able to lend a hand in terms of layout and manufacturing, computer aided design (CAD) and much, much more.
当您与 Epec 工程技术公司这样的供应商合作时，您可以根据您可能具有的任何设计和打印要求，创建高度可靠的定制电缆。这样的合作伙伴不仅能够完全帮助你选择电缆和连接器(包括定制的外套颜色) ，而且他们还能够在布局和制造方面，计算机辅助设计(CAD)和更多更多方面提供帮助。
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