什么可用作状语什么成分可以作状语

作者：天津市咸水沽一中高三外语组周延义

2008-10-22

以下成分能作状语：

1. 副词 2. 副词短语 3. 介词短语 4.形容词

5. 形容词短语 6. 动词不定式 7. 现在分词

8. 过去分词9. 名词短语10. 句子（时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、比较）11. with 的复合结构

1. 副词

He runs fast. （主谓状）

He works hard.

2. 副词短语

He lives far away from school.

【思路点拨】

状语是对谓语动词的修饰，说明谓语动词的动作状况，程度或描述静态动词处于什么状态。例如，He lives in Beijing. In Beijing 是地点状语描述lives 的状况，live 是个静态动词。He runs fast. Fast 描述动作动词run 的程度。

【动手练习】判断下列句子的对错：

1. He runs fastly.

2. He ran fast.

3. I was great moved by his deeds.

4. He was great in helping me out.

5. He works hardly in English.

6. He works hard in English.

3. 介词短语

a. They were having a meeting from 8a.m to10a.m. (主谓宾状)

b. He often gets up at 6 a.m.

c. We’ll have a sports meet on the morning of next Sunday.

d. He often works late into the night on English.

e. I waited him outside till nine this morning.

f. You must arrive before 8 tomorrow morning.

g. He couldn’t afford his school because of his lack of money.

h. I’m looking forward to visiting my grandma during my summer vacation.

i. Only in this way can we learn English well.

j. He couldn’t afford his schooling because of his lack of money.

k. He bought a car for me.

l. I don’t agree with you.

m. Don’t stand in my way.

n. It’s been raining since 8 am this morning.

4. 形容词

a. The sun rose, red.=The sun rose and at the same time it was red.

b. He was grading the students’ papers, angry.=He was grading the students’ papers and at the same time he was angry.

【思路点拨】

形容词作伴随状语，表示在主动作发生的同时某状态始终存在。如在：The sun rose , red. 中，red 这种状态始终伴随着rose 这一动作。如果把red 改作 reddly 则指 the sun 以红色的方式rose, 有可能升起来后就变成其他的颜色了。再如，把例句2中的angry改成angrily ，则指老师当时正在生气地判作业，只强调当时生气的状况不强掉其延续性。

【动手练习】判断下列句子的对错：

a. The mother always feeds her baby angrily.

b. The mother is feeding her baby, angrily.

c. When I came into the room, I found the mother feeding her baby, angry.

d. One day I purposely observed for half an hour how the mother feeding her baby , angry.

4. 形容词短语

a. He came to his teacher for help , full of hope.

b. He is ta