副词可以修饰形容词、副词或动词等词类及句子，从意义上可以分为时间副词、地点副词、程度副词、频度副词、态度副词（maybe,honestly）和逻辑连接副词(however)等。其中副词的词义辨析、与形容词的区分（特别是以-ly结尾）及副词与形容词比较级的正确选择等是中考重要的考点，常分布在单项选择、完形填空，任务型阅读A篇等题型中。下面就由Linda带大家一起复习一下吧！
副词
复习内容
副词的分类及修饰作用
副词的构成
高频副词的词义辨析
1 副词的分类及修饰作用
No.1 副词的分类
①时间副词：表示动作发生的时间范围，是确定句子时态的重要标志。
如now,then,today,tomorrow,yesterday,before,ago,
soon,immediately,lately,early,already,yet等。
e.g: Mr.Feng went to America many months ago.
②地点副词：表示动作发生的位置或方位，和动词连用时前面无介词。
如outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near,away, in, back, off, up，anywhere等。
③方式副词：修饰动词，表示动作进行的方式，大多由“形容词 ly”构成。
如：quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily，badly，easily，fast等。
e.g: We play games carefully.
④程度副词：修饰形容词和副词，有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级如very,too,quite,so等；有些能修饰形容词比较级。如：much/a lot, a bit/a little/a little bit, no/any, far, even ,still等。
⑤频度副词（频率副词）：修饰动词，表示动作发生的频率程度，常用于回答“How often..."等问题。
never从不(0%)<hardly几乎不<rarely &seldom很少<sometimes有时<frequently经常<often常常<usually通常<always总是，始终（100%）【由小到大】
注意：sometimes=at times= from time to time=now and then=once in a while
some time一段时间(分开一段时间)
sometime某一时间；某一时刻（相聚某一时刻）
sometimes有时（s连着为有时）
some times几次；几倍（s分开为倍/次）
⑥语气副词（态度副词）：也称评注性副词，表示讲话者的态度，修饰整个句子。
如：certainly, probably, maybe, obviously
⑦逻辑连接副词：修饰整个句子， 表示该句与上下文的逻辑关系。
如：however, therefore, besides等
【副词的分类参考《大学英语语法》徐广联】
No.2 副词的修饰作用及位置
01 修饰形容词，一般位于形容词前
e.g.I think those movies are someaningless.
【特殊1】置于冠词前的副词：hardly, quite, rather a/an...等
e.g.In general, France is quite an expensive place
e.g.This is a ratheran important exhibition for the company.
【特 殊 2】enough修饰形容词和副词时后置
e.g.Their school days are busy enough.
e.g.If you work hard enough, you'll learn English better.
02 修饰副词，置于被修饰词之前
e.g.We almostalways make plans to see friends.
e.g.It's alsoprobably a good idea for parents to allow teenagers to study in groups during the evening.
03 修饰动词，一般置于动词之后
e.g.I want to travel alone.
①频度副词修饰实义动词时，位于实义动词前。而句中有情态动词，助动词或be动词时，位于其后面。【实前，be/助/情后】
②方式副词一般放在动词或宾语（较短）后面
e.g.The girl danced beautifully.
e.g.He looked at her angrily./He lookedangrilyat her.
【动词 介词 宾语结构：方式副词位置既可以位于宾语后，也可以位于介词前，常用的副词：fast, quickly, slowly, carefully, angrily, well 等】
e.g.They secretlydecided to leave the town.【若宾语较长，可以中于动词之前，】
04 修饰句子，通常位于句首,有时也位于句中或句尾
e.g.However, not everybody agreed.
e.g.Unfortunately, it rained hard the whole day.
e.g.The composition is all right; there is room for improvement , however.
两个及以上副词的排列顺序
①地点副词 时间副词
e.g.The students arrived here yesterday.
②方式副词 地点副词 时间副词
e.g. She sang beautifully in the hall last night.
③run/go/drive 地点副词 方式副词 时间副词
e.g.He went upstairs slowlyevery day.
④具体 笼统， 小的 大的
e.g.They ate in a Chinese restaurant in London.
2 副词的构成
1.一般情况在相应的形容词后 ly bad-badly
2.以辅音字母 y结尾的词，变y为i ly anry-angrily noisy-noisily happy-happily【双音节或以上】
【 特殊情况:shy-shyly/shily dry-dryly/drily（简单了解）】
3.以-le结尾的词，去e ly(或者去le ly) simple-simply comfortable-comfortably terrible-terribly
4.以e结尾 ly wise-wisely wide-widely lone-lonely
complete-completely
5.以ll结尾 y ill-illy 恶劣地 still-stilly寂静地
6.以ue结尾，去e ly true-truly
7.以ic结尾， ally scientific-scientifically historic-historically fantastic-fantastically
8.常见的形副同形(既可作形容词也可以作副词，根据它在句中的作用来辨别)：early-early likely-likely很可能(的) late-late fast-fast hard-hard straight-straight far-far clean-clean long-long high-high enough-enough
3 高频副词及短语的词义辨析
No.1 how long/soon/often/ far的区分
① how long “多久，多长时间”，对时间和长度的提问。
e.g.--How long has you been in Beijing?
-- For many years.【常对现在完成时的时间提问】
e.g.--How long is the Changjiang River?
--About several thousand meters long.【长度】
②how soon “多久以后”，对时间的提问。【常对一般将来时的时间提问。】
e.g.--How soon will she be back?
--In five seconds.
③how often “多长时间一次”，回答用once a week, twice a year等来回答。
e.g.--How often do you bathe?---Once a year.
【how many times回答用once/twice/three times等】
④how far “多远”，对距离的提问。回答常考用时间表示距离的远近。
e.g.--How far is your new home from your old home?
--About one hundred kilometers.
--It's about five minutes' walk.
No.2 hard&hardly
1.hard adv. 努力地;猛烈地；仔细的
e.g. It is raining hard.【猛烈地】
e.g.He works very hard.【努力地】
e.g.She listened hard.【仔细地】
2.hardly adv. 几乎不
e.g. I hardly study English hard.
No.3 late&lately
1.late adv.晚，迟
e.g.It's not helpful for you to stay up too late.
2.lately adv.最近=recently
e.g.I have lately received a letter from my sister.
No.4 close&closely
1.close adv."近"；“靠近”
e.g.He is sitting close to me.
close adj.接近的，靠近的,相当于near
e.g.If you need to buy bread or milk, the closest shop is about a mile away.
adj.亲近的， 亲密的
e.g.Fiona and I have always been close friends.
closed adj.关闭的
e.g. Keep the window closed. It's so windy outside.
2.closely adv. "仔细地" “密切地”
e.g.Watch what I do closely.【仔细地】
e.g. Watch him closely.【密切地，严密地】
No.5 deep&deeply
1.deep adv. 深地（表示空间的深度，可以看见的）
e.g.She stood there, her feet deep in the grass.
2.deeply adv. 深深地（感情上的深度）表示抽象深度
e.g.She is deeply interested in the hole which is dug deep.
No.6 wide&widely
1.wide adv.张得（开得）很大，表示空间宽度；
e.g.Open your mouth wide.
2.widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"
e.g.English is widely used in the world
e.g. He travelled widely.他游历很广。（不可以表达成travel wide,但可以说travel far and wide）
No.7 free&freely
1.free adv."免费"；
e.g.You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
2.freely adv.无限制地"
e.g.You may speak freelysay what you like.
No.8 especially&specially
1.especially adv. 特别， 尤其
e.g.She is especially interested in reading novels.
2.specially adv.专门地
e.g. I made this card specially for your birthday.
No.9 no more& no longer
1.no more=not any more “将来不再 ，永远不再”，表示时间时通常指将来或过去的将来
e.g.Time lost will return no more.【将来】
e.g.She said she wouldn't write him any more.【过去的将来】
2.no longer=not any longer “不再”表示现在或过去不再，一般不用于将来
e.g.He knew he wasn't rich any longer.【过去】
e.g.This kind of shirt is no longer in fashion.【现在】
