眼睛是心灵的窗户，科学保护眼睛非常必要，但是由于人们对于眼睛的不重视，稍不留神自己就成为眼部疾病的患者，因此，大家在工作与生活中更应该重视眼部疾病的预防和治疗。
It is essential to protect our eyes through scientific approaches,as they are the windows to our souls. However, many people suffer from eye diseases due to insufficient care for their eyes. Therefore,the prevention and treatment of eye diseases should be taken into account in our work and life.
常见的眼部疾病有哪些？
What are some common eye diseases?
▼
沙眼
飞蚊
症
白内
障
黄斑
变性
青光
眼
干眼
症
01 沙眼
沙眼是一种慢性传染性的结膜角膜炎，在患病之后会导致患者出现眼睛干涩，疼痛等问题，也会导致眼睛出现各种炎症。
Trachoma. A chronic contagious keratoconjunctivitis. The disease will cause problems such as xerophthalmia and pains, as well as various inflammations.
02 白内障
这一种疾病是因为晶状体所需要的营养物质不能及时补充，导致晶状体混浊诱发的，在发病之后可以通过手术的方法进行治疗。
cataracts. This is a disease caused by phacoscotasmus due to the failure to promptly supplement the nutrition required by crystalline lens. The disease can be cured by surgery.
青
光
眼
03 青光眼
青光眼的出现和眼部内部房水循环紊乱有关系，眼压过高，压迫视神经，导致视力下降。
Glaucoma. Glaucoma is a result of fluid circulation disorder in the eyes, causing high
intraocular pressure and oppressing the optic nerve. It can cause the loss of vision.
飞蚊症
患有飞蚊症的患者，一般会看见一些小黑点和小黑线，可随眼球转动而飘动，犹如飞蚊。
Floaters. A patient suffering from floaters usually sees small dark spots and lines floating like flying mosquitoes with the movement of eyeballs.
黄斑病变
多数是由于高龄退化的原因造成的，人的视网膜组织会随着年龄增长发生退化，慢慢变薄从而会引起黄斑功能低下。
Macular degeneration. This is usually caused by degenerations due to senility. Human retina degenerates as age increases, causing the degradation of macula lutea functions after it becomes thinner.
干眼症是指由多种因素所导致的、以眼睛干涩为主要症状的泪液分泌障碍性眼病，常伴有双眼痒感、异物感、烧灼感，或畏光、视物模糊、视力波动等表现。
Dry Eye Disease
This refers to a condition where, due to various factors, the eyes are unable to produce tears. The disease is accompanied by itchy eyes, eye pains, burning sensations, light sensitivity, blurred vision, or fluctuating vision.
如何来保护我们的眼睛？
How can we protect our eyes?
01
不要用手揉眼睛，因为手中有大量的细菌，在揉眼睛的过程中会感染眼部。
Don’t rub your eyes with your hands because hands have plenty of bacteria, and it will cause eye infections.
02
不乱用眼药水。很多眼药水都是非处方药，所以人们很容易就可以获得，建议在使用眼药水之前咨询医院专业人士。
Don’t use eyedrops without care. Many eyedrops are OTC and therefore easily obtainable. It’s recommended to consult a doctor or a physician before using eyedrops.
03
不佩戴隐形眼镜。如果长期使用会导致角膜缺氧，容易发生细菌感染，因此最好减少佩戴隐形眼镜。
Don’t wear contact lenses. Long-term use of contact lenses will give rise to corneal hypoxia and bacterial infection, so contact lens usage should be reduced.
我们还可以从生活习惯做起：
Other good habits that can help protect our eyes
1.多吃一些含有维生素A的食物
2.保证每天八个小时以上的睡眠
3.进行眼部按摩，使得眼部血液循环加快等
4.连续用眼不超过40分钟
一次用眼超过40分钟，就休息10分钟，眺望一下远处，或者闭眼休息一会
5.外出要戴太阳镜。眼睛很容易受到紫外线的侵袭，对视力也有一定影响
1. Eat plenty of foods containing Vitamin A.
2. Make sure you get at least 8 hours of sleep per day.
3. Massage around the eyes, which helps with blood circulation in those areas, etc.
4. Do not strain your eyes for more than 40 minutes in one session. Take a 10-minute break every 40 minutes and look out at a distant location or close your eyes for a while.
5.Wear sunglasses outdoors. Our eyes are vulnerable to ultraviolet light that may have impacts on eyesight.
专家介绍
刘青 副主任医师
从事眼科临床工作20余年，对眼科疾病有丰富的临床经验。
擅长：
1、眼底疾病、青光眼、糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜脱离、白内障等多种眼科疾病的诊断和治疗
Qing Liu, deputy chief physicianof ophthalmology
She has clinical work experience for more than 20 years
She has a lot of clinical experience in ophthalmic diseases
Specialties:
1. Diagnosis and treatment of fundus oculi diseases, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, cataract and other ophthalmic diseases
内容、编辑、翻译：特需部 何濛濛
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