分词做状语是高分写作必须要掌握的一个核心语法点
它是写作中非常容易吸引考官
但却常常被大家遗忘的语法结构
首先，什么是分词？分词其实就是两种形式而已，一个是现在分词（doing),一个是过去分词（done)
在雅思写作中，现在分词（doing),过去分词（done)经常用来替换定语从句，起到修饰作用。
比如：
1. The number of tourists who came to western countries increased significantly in recent years.
☞ The number of tourists coming to western countries increased significantly in recent years.
2. There is a tourist guiding book that give information about the dos and don' ts one should know when they travel to other countries.
☞ There is tourist guiding book giving information about the dos and don'ts one should know when they travel to other countries.
现在分词替换定语从句的时候，分词和主语一定是主动关系，说白了，就是doing这个动作一定是主语可以主动发出的。
过去分词（done)来替换定语从句更简单了，直接看例句你就明白鸟
比如：
1.The museum, which was opened last year, provided a new way for citizens to understand the history of city.
☞ The museum, opened last year, provided a new way for citizens to understand the history of city.
2.The first textbooks which were written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
☞The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
过去分词替换定语从句的时候，只需要把先行词（which, that....)和后面的be动词，一起去掉就好，就这么简单哈。但一定要注意，过去分词表明了主语和过去分词之间被动的意思。
简单说，状语就是一个句子的附加成分
通常，状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份
比如：
☞ The students are doing their homework in the classroom(地点状语）
☞ I learned a lot from the peasants when I lived in the countryside(时间状语）
☞ They set out early so that they might arrive on time(目的状语）
☞ She will not go home because she has to attend a meeting(原因状语）
☞ Aaron studied so hard that he caught up with the others very quickly（结果状语）
其实，状语就是一个大杂烩，只要是表示伴随信息的，简单来说，都可以归结为状语。
当分词和状语结合起来，变成分词做状语，那这个句子就无敌完美了
◆现在分词做状语◆
结构：主句＋逗号＋doing从句
或：doing从句＋逗号＋主句
（doing所表示的动作，一定是主语可以主动发出的动作）
表示主语的伴随，结果，原因等
比如
☞ The amount of consumption in beef in America showed an increasing trend, rising from 13kg per person in 2000 to 21kg per person in 2008.
☞ The government planned to build another metro line across the city, hoping to reduce the traffic congestion during the rush hour.
☞ Knowing the government' s new environment protection policy, many high-tech companies started developing products that are environmentally friendly.
◆过去分词做状语◆
表示原因，
相当于一个原因状语从句
比如
☞ Driven by a strong thirst to learn , motivated by great career prospect, attracted by superb educational resource, many students choose to study abroad
（drive驱动，motivate 激励，attract吸引，这些词，都不是students可以主动发出的动作，所以是被驱动，被激励，被吸引，所以要使用过去分词表原因。）
☞ Stained with violent information , tainted with porn content, crowded with vulgar and mind-polluting web sites, Internet is exerting negative effects on children who are in the formative years.
☞ Attracted by inviting payment and welfare systems as well as much on-the-job training , many graduates choose to work in big companies.
The end
