2022年中考英语最新热点时文阅读-3.8了不起的她，我来为大家科普一下关于2022年苏州市中考英语试卷及答案?以下内容希望对你有帮助!
2022年苏州市中考英语试卷及答案
2022年中考英语最新热点时文阅读-3.8了不起的她
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题型 |
主要内容 | |
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1 |
选词填空 |
讲述了中国外交部翻译官张京的个人事迹，高度赞扬了她 |
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2 |
阅读理解 |
介绍今年女性成了诺贝尔奖项的主角。 |
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3 |
阅读理解 |
介绍了清代女科学家王贞仪的事迹 |
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4 |
阅读理解 |
讲述了张伟丽在一次比赛中捍卫了自己和国家的尊严的故事 |
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5 |
阅读理解 |
讲述了著名排球运动员兼教练郎平的成功经历和光辉成就 |
01
（2021·山西阳泉·一模）请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
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where |
well |
but |
accept |
spread |
work |
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they |
long |
for |
respect |
English |
who |
Chinese translator Zhang Jing has got a lot of fans on Chinese social media following her calm and brave performance and translation at the high-level China-US meeting in Alaska, leading to applause (掌声) for the Chinese female.She translated several that were more than 10 minutes ____1____ fluently (流利地) and accurately (准确地) into English, which earned her applause and respect from netizens.
She was born in Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province. After graduating from Hangzhou Foreign Languages School in 2003, she ____2____ by the China Foreign Affairs University, where she studied ____3____. Then She worked for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部) in 2007.
According to a media interview with Zhang’s high school teacher, Zhang had been able to enter top Chinese universities like Peking University and Tsinghua University, ____4____ she chose to go to China Foreign Affairs University to one day serve the country at the ministry of foreign affairs.
Zhang in 2013 ____5____ as an translator during the annual meetings of the National People’s Congress (全国人民代表大会) and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (全国政协代表大会) in Beijing. She is known ____6____ her good manners and translation skills.
“Zhang Jing helped ____7____ China’s voice to the world through her specially; and compared with the US translator, she performed far ____8____. She also showed ‘the power of Chinese women’”, one netizen commented on Sina Weibo.
“I think the women ____9____ have appeared in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in recent years are wonderful. They have presented China’s image on the international diplomatic stage and have increased China’s reputation with _____10_____ talents,” another Sina Weibo user wrote. “Translators are usually the ‘heroes behind the scense’”, one netizen said.
02
（2021·广东·中山大学附属中学二模）Men won the Nobel Prizes in science most of the time in the past. But this year, women became the main characters!
Jennifer Doudna from the US and Emmanuelle Chapentier from France shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. It’s the first time in history for two women to win the prize without having to share it with a man. At the same time, US astronomer Andrea Ghez became the fourth woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics, which she shared with two other scientists. Its first female winner was Marie Curie in 1903.
Doudna and Charpentier got the prize because they developed CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors, a technology that can rewrite DNA in the cells of plants, animals and micro-organisms. It has had a “great effect on the life sciences”, according to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. For example, it can help us develop crops that can fight against some natural disasters. It could also help treat some serious diseases in the future.
On hearing that they were the sixth and seventh women to win the Chemistry Prize, Charpentier said that she hopes girls and young female scientists will understand that “nothing is impossible and women can find great discoveries just as men do”.
Ghez, who was awarded for her research on black hole, had the same feeling. “I’m happy to be part of the change where more women succeed. I think that’s an important way in which we encourage the other girls and women scientists,” Ghez said. In addition to her research, she was also one of the authors of the 2006 children’s book You Can Be a Women Astronomer.
11．What does Paragraph 3 focus on?
A．How they did their research.
B．Why they were given the prize.
C．What they found in their research.
D．How winning the prize has made a difference in their lives.
12．What does Ghez think about winning a Nobel Prize?
A．It will change her life in a big way.
B．It proves that nothing is impossible.
C．It shows that women are more successful than men.
D．It can encourage the other girls and women scientists.
13．What do we know from the story?
A．There were seven female Nobel Prize winners in total.
B．Ghez shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with at least one man.
C．More women are working as chemists than astronomers.
D．Ghez will write a children’s book about winning the prize.
03
（2021·江苏·苏州市苏州高新区第一中学二模）
On a winter evening over 200 years ago, a young lady named Wang Zhengyi was doing experiments in her own garden.
Zhengyi, in her twenties, was trying to find out how eclipses (月食) of the moon happened. Through many experiments, she finally explained the eclipse clearly and currently.
Unlike boys, most of the girls in China couldn’t get proper education at that time. However, Zhengyi was lucky enough to be taught by her family at home as a little girl. She also gained a lot of knowledge from reading her grandfather’s collection of books and her interest in astronomy (天文学) and math grew. At the age of 18, Zhengyi began to focus on her study and taught herself with the two subjects.
At that time, people consider the eclipse of the moon as a sign of angry gods. However, Zhengyi didn’t agree with that. She decided to study even harder. On one hand, Zhengyi began to read more books of earlier scientists. Most of these books were written in a way that was difficult to understand. So it took her a lot of time and effort to study those books. On the other hand. Zhengyi watched the movement of stars every night and kept detailed record. Sometimes she even forgot about time and spent all night watching the stars.
According to her own life, she realized the importance for scientific books to be simple and clear for everyone. So she rewrote many books of earlier scientists on astronomy and math so that the public could get education more easily. Some villagers around laughed at her and said, “Zhengyi, now you are not even like a lady anymore.” Zhengyi answered, “I always believe women are the same as men. Who can say women can’ be heroes?”
Although Zhengyi lived in ancient times, she believed in the power of knowledge. And that a woman can make her dream come true through hard work. Her stories have encouraged millions of people, and her achievements have contributed to the scientific progress of the world.
14．How did Wang Zhengyi find out the eclipse of the moon?
A．By her continuous practice
B．By rewriting the books from earlier scientists
C．By watching stars from pictures
D．By being taught by her family members
15．Why did Wang Zhengyi choose to study astronomy and math?
A．She realized the importance of developing these 2 subjects.
B．With the knowledge she got, she became interested in them.
C．She always believed women are the same excellent as men.
D．She found much fun from making that experiment in her garden.
16．Which of the following best describes Wang Zhengyi’s quality?
A．Brave and hard-working B．Supportive and helpful
C．Dependent and careful D．Honest and generous
17．What is the key to Wang Zhengyi’s great achievements?
A．The pressure from villages around
B．The spirit of endless thinking and seeking
C．Good education and support from family
D．The young age and her interest in astronomy
04
（2021·广东·深圳中学模拟预测）Chinese player Zhang Weili beat the Polish player Joanna in Las Vegas this year. Both women are known as top fighters. Zhang, 30 years old, won China’s first and only UFC (终极格斗冠军赛) medal last year in Shenzhen. Joanna, 32, is a former (之前的) five-time winner in the 115-pound group.
But the COVID-19 epidemic made Zhang’s training harder than usual. She had to travel from Beijing to Thailand and then to Abu Dhabi before arriving in Vegas, about a week later than planned. Worse still, before the match, Zhang was offended (冒犯) by a social media post by Joanna. In a poster, Joanna wears a gas mask standing behind Zhang, making fun of the outbreak.
The post caused argument and was later taken away. Zhang said she was fired up to make Joanna pay for the tasteless joke in the court (赛场).
In the end, Zhang scored a narrow win over Joanna in the fight. Both ended up in the hospital because of the fierce fight.
“All fighters need respect from one another in the court. I don’t like people hitting each other with trash talk,” said Zhang following her victory.
“Now the COVTD-19 epidemic is not just affecting China, but the whole world. I hope everybody in the world can stand together to fight against it with a united effort,” she said.
18．How many times has Zhang Weili won the UFC medal?
A．Once. B．Twice C．Three times D．Five times
19．How did the epidemic affect Zhang Weili?
A．It made her train less often. B．She was late for the match.
C．She changed several flights to get to Vegas. D．The match was put off due to the outbreak.
20．How did Zhang Weili react to Joanna’s post?
A．She paid no attention to it. B．She made fun of Joanna too.
C．She was very angry about it. D．She quarreled with Joanna.
21．Zhang Weili thinks that while facing the epidemic ________
A．trash talk made people hit each other. B．people forgot to respect each other.
C．we should protect ourselves well. D．people should make efforts together.
22．What can you infer from this passage about Zhang Weili?
A．She won the UFC title more than Joanna. B．She made a decision to defeat Joanna.
C．She won the game without difficulty. D．She punished Joanna both online and in the court.
05
（2021·广东黄埔·八年级期末）Lang Ping was born in Tianjin on 10 December, 1960. She was once a former Chinese volleyball player and people called her “Iron Hammer”. Lang Ping also became the first person to win gold medals as both a player and a coach (教练) in the Olympic Games and World Cup.
Lang was a player of Chinese Volleyball Team that won the gold medals at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, in the 1982 World Championship in Peru and in the World Cup in 1981, 1985 and 1986.
In 1987, she was married to a Chinese National Male Handball Team player, Fan Bai, and then they moved to Los Angeles. In the US, she worked as an assistant volleyball coach at the University of New Mexico from 1987-1989 and 1992-1993.
In 1992, Lang had a daughter named Lydia Lang Bai. Her marriage lasted till Lydia was three. When Lydia grew up, she became a member of her school’s Women Volleyball Team in Stanford University. She has worked in a bank at Jefferies Group since 2015. Several years ago, Lang Ping was married to Wang Yucheng who is a professor at China Academy of Social Science.
Lang Ping became the coach of the US National Team in 2005. She coached the US National Team to a silver medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. She is the head coach of the China Women’s National Volleyball team, winning the World Cup in Japan in 2015. On August 21, 2016, Lang Ping guided the Chinese National Team to the gold medal at the 2016 Rio Olympics.
Lang Ping will always be remembered as one of the very first world champions for China. She is seen as a cultural symbol and is one of the most respected people in modern Chinese sports history.
23．How many gold medals did Lang Ping win as a volleyball player?
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
24．What can we know about Lang Ping’s family life?
A．Her daughter once studied in a famous American University.
B．Her daughter is a professor at China Academy of Social Science now.
C．Her first marriage lasted for more than ten years.
D．They lived in China when Lydia was born.
25．Which of the following shows the right order of Lang Ping’s story?
a. She was married to Fan Bai.
b. She was the coach of the US National Team.
c. Her team won the World Championship in Peru.
d. Lang and her team won the gold medal in Los Angeles.
e. She coached the Chinese National Team to win the World Cup in Japan.
f. She guided the Chinese National Team to the gold medal at Rio Olympics.
A．c, d, a, e, b, f B．c, d, a, b, e, f C．d, c, a, b, e, f D．d, c, a, b, f, e
26．Paragraph 5 mainly introduces the ________ of Lang Ping.
A．coach life B．school life C．marriage life D．player life
27．Which word can best describe Lang Ping according to the passage?
A．Happy and active. B．Experienced and successful.
C．Faithful and lonely. D．Hard but happy.
参考答案：
1．long
2．was accepted
3．English
4．but
5．worked
6．for
7．spread
8．better
9．who
10．their
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国外交部翻译官张京的个人事迹，高度赞扬了她。
1．
句意：她流利且准确地翻译了多个时长超过10分钟英文演讲，赢得了网友的掌声和尊重。由“10 minutes”可知，此句突出翻译时间长，应用long修饰。 故填long。
2．
句意：2003年从杭州外国语学校毕业后，她被中国外交学院录取，学习英语。根据“by the China Foreign Affairs University…”可知，此处使用被动语态，accept接受；承认，此处可以理解为录取，即被中国外交学院录取；根据时间状语“in 2003”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，即一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/were 动词的过去分词；主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，accept的过去分词为accepted。故填was accepted。
3．
句意：2003年从杭州外国语学校毕业后，她被中国外交学院录取，学习英语。整篇文章介绍了张京的超强英文翻译能力，很显然她在外交学院学习的是英语。故填English。
4．
句意：据媒体对张京高中老师的采访，张京本来能够进入像北京大学、清华大学等中国顶尖大学，但她选择去中国外交学院，在外交部为国家服务。分析句子可知，“张京本来能够进入像北京大学、清华大学等中国顶尖大学，”与“她选择去中国外交学院”之间存在转折关系。故填but。
5．
句意：2013年，张京在北京的全国人民代表大会和中国人民政治协商会议期间担任翻译。work as担任，固定短语；根据时间状语“in 2013”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词使用其过去式形式。故填worked。
6．
句意：她因为良好的态度和翻译技能而出名。be known for因……而出名，固定短语。故填for。
7．
句意：张京通过她的专业帮助把中国声音传播到了世界各地，与美国的翻译家相比，她的表现要好得多。spread传播；help do sth.帮助做某事；故填spread。
8．
句意：张京通过她的专业帮助把中国声音传播到了世界各地，与美国的翻译家相比，她的表现要好得多。此处有比较含义，well比较级为better。故填better。
9．
句意：“我认为近年来在外交部出现的女性都很棒。……”另一位新浪微博用户写道。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词the women指人且在从句中作主语。故填who。
10．
句意：“……她们在国际外交舞台上展示了中国的形象，用她们的才能提升了中国的声誉。”另一位新浪微博用户写道。分析句子可知，talents才能，可数名词复数。形容词性物主代词修饰名词作定语。主语为“they”，其对应的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。
11．B
12．D
13．B
【解析】
本文向读者介绍了今年，女性成了诺贝尔奖项的主角，旨在鼓励更多的女性获得诺贝尔奖项。
11．
段落大意题。根据“Doudna and Charpentier got the prize because they developed CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors, a technology that can rewrite DNA in the cells of plants, animals and micro-organisms.”可知，本段主要介绍Doudna和Charpentier因为什么而获奖。故选B。
12．
细节理解题。根据“I’m happy to be part of the change where more women succeed. I think that’s an important way in which we encourage the other girls and women scientists”可知，Ghez认为获得诺贝尔奖是鼓励其他女孩和女科学家的重要方式。故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据“At the same time, US astronomer Andrea Ghez became the fourth woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics, which she shared with two other scientists.”可知，Ghez至少和一个人分享诺贝尔物理学奖。故选B。
14．A
15．B
16．A
17．B
【解析】
本文主要介绍了清代女科学家王贞仪的事迹。
14．
细节理解题。根据“Through many experiments, she finally explained the eclipse clearly and currently”可知，经过多次实验发现的，故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据“She also gained a lot of knowledge from reading her grandfather’s collection of books and her interest in astronomy (天文学) and math grew”可知，从阅读祖父的藏书中获得了很多知识，她对天文学和数学的兴趣也增加了，故选B。
16．
推理判断题。根据“And that a woman can make her dream come true through hard work”可知，她通过自己的努力让梦想实现，可以看出她是一个勤奋努力的人。根据“Some villagers around laughed at her and said…”可知，勇敢地面对村民的嘲笑，用实际行动来证明自己所做的是正确的，故选A。
17．
细节理解题。根据第二段，第三段以及“And that a woman can make her dream come true through hard work”可知，成功的关键来自于永无止境的思考和追求的精神，故选B。
18．A
19．C
20．C
21．D
22．B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张伟丽在一次比赛中捍卫了自己和国家的尊严的故事。
18．
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Zhang, 30 years old, won China’s first and only UFC(终极格斗冠军赛) medal last year in Shenzhen.”可知，张伟丽只赢得了1次终极格斗赛冠军。故选A。
19．
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She had to travel from Beijing to Thailand and then to Abu Dhabi before arriving in Vega”可知，她换了几个航班去拉斯维加斯。故选C。
20．
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Zhang said she was fired up to make Joanna pay for the tasteless joke in the court (赛场).“可知，张伟丽说她很生气一定要在角斗场上报复乔安娜。故选C。
21．
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句话“I hope everybody in the world can stand together to fight against it with a united effort”可知，她认为人们应该共同努力来和病毒做斗争。故选D。
22．
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Zhang said she was fired up to make Joanna pay for the tasteless joke in the court (赛场).“可推测出，张伟丽决定打败乔安娜。故选B。
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23．C
24．A
25．B
26．A
27．B
【解析】
本文讲述了著名排球运动员兼教练郎平的成功经历和光辉成就。
23．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Lang was a player of Chinese Volleyball Team that won the gold medals at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, in the 1982 World Championship in Peru and in the World Cup in 1981, 1985 and 1986”，可知郎平作为排球运动员赢得了五枚金牌，故选C。
24．
推理判断题。根据第四段“In 1992, Lang had a daughter named Lydia Lang Bai…When Lydia grew up, she became a member of her school’s Women Volleyball Team in Stanford University”可知，郎平的女儿曾在一所著名的美国大学（斯坦福大学）学习，故选A。
25．
细节理解题。根据短文内容，“in the 1982 World Championship in Peru”于1982年获秘鲁世锦赛冠军，“won the gold medals at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles”在1984年获洛杉矶夏季奥运会冠军，“In 1987, she was married to a Chinese National Male Handball Team player, Fan Bai”她1987年嫁给了白帆，“Lang Ping became the coach of the US National Team in 2005”2005年她是美国国家队的教练，“She is the head coach of the China Women’s National Volleyball team, winning the World Cup in Japan in 2015. On August 21, 2016, Lang Ping guided the Chinese National Team to the gold medal at the 2016 Rio Olympics”她带领中国国家队于2015年赢得日本世界杯冠军，于2016年在里约热内卢奥运会上获得金牌；可知“c, d, a, b, e, f”顺序正确，故选B。
26．
主旨大意题。根据“Lang Ping became the coach of the US National Team in 2005…She is the head coach of the China Women’s National Volleyball team”，可知本段主要介绍郎平的教练生活，故选A。
27．
推理判断题。根据第二段“Lang was a player of Chinese Volleyball Team that won the gold medals at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, in the 1982 World Championship in Peru and in the World Cup in 1981, 1985 and 1986”，结合第五段对郎平教练生活的描述，可知郎平由于经验丰富所以取得很大成功；“Experienced and successful”符合文意，故选B。
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