1. have的常用意思。
|
表示：有 |
a computer; enough money; some books; a small house |
|
表示：吃 |
breakfast; lunch; a meal; something to eat |
|
表示：喝 |
a cup of tea/coffee; something to drink; a drink; a snack |
|
表示：一种活动 |
no classes; homework; an exam; an appointment a party; a meeting; a date; a good time |
|
表示：患病 |
a cold; a sore throat; a headache; a broken arm; the flu |
|
表示：生 |
a baby |
2. have to 不得不；必须。和must 同义。但must 没有时态变化。
表示必须做的事，而且没有选择：
I have to take an exam at the end of the course.
He doesn't have to work on Saturdays.
We don't have to go to the party if you don't want to.
3. have got/have got to是口语表达；相当于 have/ have to。
Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too.
I haven't got any jewelry.
Have you got a minute? I need to talk to you.
I've got a cold. - Stay away!
I've got to run. See you later.
4. have用于固定表达中。
had better do表示“…最好…”。
have a good trip 一路顺风（告别时用语）
have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 有困难/麻烦/问题
5. 复合结构即“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
1) have sb. do sth. (不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语)，表示让、叫某人做某事。
The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
注：否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.
We won't have you blame it on others.
She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.
2) have sb.(sth.)doing (现在分词作宾语补足语)，表示让（使）某人做某事。
…the two men had their lights burning all night long….
(3) have sb. (sth.)done (过去分词作宾语补足语)，表示：
①使（让，请）别人作某事，表示的动作是别人做的。
Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.
…he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.
②遭遇到某事。
Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.
Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.
5. have done/ had done现在完成时和过去完成时。
Great changes have taken place the last two years.
They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.
6. have用于“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的结构，有 推测、假设之意。
1) must＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测，一般用于肯定句。
Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.
You must have left your bag in the theatre.
2)can(could)＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去发生事情的“不可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句。
He can't have been to your home, he doesn't know your address.
3.should＋have＋过去分词，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”，用于肯定句。
You should have been here five minutes ago.
您的赞赏，我的动力！
,
