disciple 英 [dɪˈsaɪpl] 美 [dɪˈsaɪpl] n. 门徒，信徒；弟子
考点1: n.信徒，追随者: one who accepts and assists in spreading the doctrines of another, follower
■e.g. A circle of dedicated disciples who conscientiously wrote down everything the prophet said 一圈忠实的信徒认真的记下了先知所说的话。
■同: acolyte, adherent, convert, epigone, partisan, votary
■反: leader, coryphaeus 领导
waddle 英 [ˈwɒdl] 美 [ˈwɑːdl] v. 摇摇摆摆地走，蹒跚而行 n. 蹒跚，摇摆的步子
考点1: vi.摇摇摆摆地走: to walk with short steps that tilt the body from side to side
■e.g. The duck waddled back into the water. 鸭子一摇一摆地回到了水中
■同: careen, dodder, reel, teeter, totter
■派: waddling adj. 摇摇摆摆的
venal 英 [ˈviːnl] 美 [ˈviːnl] adj. 贪污的；用金钱买得的；贿赂的；贪赃枉法的
考点1: adj.容易贪污受贿的: open to corrupt influence and especially bribery
■e.g. a judge who is known for being venal and easily bought 一名因为贪污和容易收买而闻名的法官
■同: bribable, corruptible, dirty, purchasable
■反: incorruptible 不受贿赂的；scrupulous 正直的
understate 英 [ˌʌndəˈsteɪt] 美 [ˌʌndərˈsteɪt] v. 轻描淡写；避重就轻地说；不充分陈述
考点1: vt.保守陈述: to state or present with restraint especially for effect
■e.g. understate a problem 低调处理问题
■同: downplay
■反: v.aunt, exaggerate, overstate 夸大
■派: understated adj.朴素的: avoiding obvious emphasis or embellishment
■同: conservative, low-key, muted, repressed, restrained, sober, subdued, unflashy, unpretentious
■反: flamboyant, flaring, flashy, garish, gaudy, glitzy, ostentatious, splashy夸张的，华丽的
wretched 英 [ˈretʃɪd] 美 [ˈretʃɪd] adj. 可怜的；卑鄙的；令人苦恼或难受的
考点1: adj.极差的: very poor in quality or ability
■e.g. the wretched conditions of the refugee camp 难民营极恶劣的条件
■同: bad, coarse, inferior, low-grade, mediocre, miserable, poor, rubbishy, terrible, trashy
■反: excellent, fine, first-class, first-rate, good, high-grade, superior 优质的
考点2: adj.沮丧的: deeply afflicted, dejected, or distressed in body or mind
■e.g. She was wretched for weeks after breaking up with her boyfriend. 她与男友分手后郁闷了几个星期。
■同: blue, crestfallen, dejected, doleful, dolorous, gloomy, melancholy, mournful, rueful, sorrowful, woeful
■反: blissful, buoyant, cheerful, delighted, glad, happy, joyful, jubilant 欢乐的
■派: wretchedness n. 沮丧
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