大家好！我是关注大家英语学习的陈老师，一个有温度的英语老师！一个诠释语言背后的逻辑，教你用汉语学英语的老师！
从教十余年，看到太多人因为学英语而痛苦不堪，有没有一种方法真正能让普通初中文凭的成年人也能学懂这门语言，少走弯路？我认为是有的！
到目前为止，关于十大词类（介冠形名代 情副动数连）中动词的讨论就告一段落！
说到动词就不再只想到动词本身了，动词代表一件事情了，当说到一件事情就要考虑你说话的语气，是真的，假的，还是不确定的事情？
我们要想到语气助动词以及它们的作用，在造句时才能根据你的思维正确地说出句子！
动词的讨论结束代表我们对简单句的讨论已经尾声，名词和动词是简单句中最重要的成分，形容词和副词是修饰成分。
英语造句的原则是主干先行，修饰随后！这是演绎的思维逻辑，跟西方文明的历史背景息息相关！汉语造句是修饰放在主干之前，这跟中华文明背景有关，我们是归纳的思维逻辑！
动词短语考点说明
动词短语 = 语气助动词 （语气副词） 动词 （语气副词）
语气助动词中的情态助动词不纳入考点分析，语气副词的考点在《章节八、修饰成分之副词》中已经详细讨论过。时态助动词和动词是我们要讨论的重点！
我们通常说动词的考点就是：时态、语态、主动一致（主谓一致），实际上就是在分析时态助动词和动词的形态变化！
如何在句子当中找到动词？
1、先看基本句型
S V C
S V
S V O
S V O1 O2
S V O C
从五大基本句型得知，句子的动词出现的位置永远是在主语之后！那只要找到一个句子的主语，主语后面紧跟着的那就是动词。
2、要找动词，先找主语
①名词短语可以作主语：
An old man needs our help.
S V O
注：名词短语作主语，动词紧着它。
②动名词短语可以作主语：
Remembering so many words is really hard.
S V C
Swimming helps him keep fit.
S V O C
注：动名词短语作主语，一定注意“动名词”本身不是动词，动名词短语是有时是由名词结尾的，所以要把它看完整。
③不定词短语可以作主语：
To be a teacher is my dream.
S V C
注：不定词短语作主语，一定注意“不定词”本身不是动词，由名词结尾的，所以要把它看完整。
④从句可以作主语：
What you have done made your brother very angry.
S V O C
注：从句作主语一定有引导词来引出从句，所以找到引导词，分析从句的句子结构。从句结束紧跟着就是动词。
⑤名词短语可以作主语，但主语之后有形容词从句或分词修饰。
A man (named Tom) came (to our house) (to lend some chicken)( yesterday. )
S V
A man (who is named Tom) came (to our house) (so that he can lend some chicken) (yesterday.)
S 形容词从句 V 介词短语 连词 从句 时间副词
情态助动词“can”被“be able to”代替，
A man who is named Tom came to our house so that he was (able) to lend some chicken yesterday.
从句简化，省略重复的主语“who”和没有实际意义的be动词
A man who is named Tom came to our house so that he was (able) to lend some chicken yesterday.
从句主语和动词都没有了，连接词“so that”也可以省略了，able本意为能够，也可省略。
A man named Tom came to our house so that (able) to lend some chicken yesterday.
A man named Tom came to our house to lend some chicken yesterday.
动词初级考点
主语 ________（动词）......
考查动词的时态、语态、主动一致（人称/单复数）
考点1 时态（找句子的时间状语，若有从句可根据从句的时态确定主句的时态）
The young trees died (dead), because there wasn’t enough water.
He rode (ride) his bicycle to the library and read there for two hours.
It sometimes makes (make) me angry, ”said Zhang Hua, a middle school student in Guangzhou.
The movie touched (touch) the hearts of all the people at the cinema last year.
In the last talent show, Alice performed (perform) best. Her performance was really excellent.
Lang became (become) a good piano student at 8.
I can never find a pen in this house. They disappeared (appear) as soon as I buy them.
-What happened (happen) to the boy standing in the corner? -Sorry, I don’t know.
The idea began ( begin) in Portland, Oregon, in 1994.
Little Jenny opened her eyes and blew ( blow) out the candles in one go at her birthday party.
When he was leaving ( leave), the shop keeper told him that the shop had a special offer on ears.
We had ( have ) an exciting party last Saturday.
They all went ( go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
When did you write ( write ) this poem? I wrote ( write) it last year.
She didn’t visit ( not visit ) her aunt last weekend.
What did Bill do ( do ) on Saturday afternoon?
He played ( play) soccer and read ( read) an interesting book.
My friend, Lucy, studied (study) for the math test and practiced ( practice ) English last night.
I haven't seen you for a long time. Oh, I am learning (learn) English at home these days.
Where is your father? He is fishing (fish) by the lake.
It's 8 o'clock.The children are doing (do) morning exercises.
Another ancient celebration still practiced today is about Tai Hao temple fair that lasts (last) until the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar.
Jack took off his heavy coat and laid (lay) it on the bed as soon as he came in the house.
The COVID—19 epidemic has spread (spread) many places in the world since 2019.
Without water and air, we will die (die).
After Hou Yi shot (shoot) down the nine suns, a goddess gave him a magic medicine to thank him.
It has been (be) popular with people since ancient times; even in royal families (皇室), ladies were also judged (评定) by the ability to make paper cuts.
The test has shown (show) early promise. But More research needs to be done to make sure the efficiency of the test.
By now, summer heat has dried (dry) out plant life.
A great number of wildfires(野火) are burning through California. Parts of the Pacific Northwest are burning (burn), too.
The boy is lying (lie) on the ground, I mean to give (give) him some food.
Korean pop music swept (sweep) across the Western world last year.
Tom didn't get used to his school life. So he always fell (fall) ill and his grade dropped (drop) sharply last term.
She promises that she will call (call) me the minute she arrives (arrive) in London.
The better they wear, the higher the expectations will be (be).
He has lived (live)here since 5 years ago. He has learned (learn) English for more than 10 years.
A number of people have offered (offer) to study sign language recently.
For centuries, much land has been devoted (devote) to rice-planting and many Chinese people are farmers, who work very hard for each grain.
Till now, Longtaitou Festival has been celebrated (celebrate) in various ways, including eating Chinese pancakes and dragon’s beard noodles, making perfume bags and so on.
Self-driving cars have been (be) in development since 2010.
考点2 被动语态（把括号里的动词直接填进去不管时态直接翻译，找出主语和宾语之间是不是被动关系）
But it is closed (close) this afternoon, so we have to go to the other E restaurant.
Thanks to your help, my spoken English has improved a lot, and my teachers are surprised ( surprise) at the progress I've made.
We went to many places we were interested (interest) in.
He was refused ( refuse) to enter places like railway stations and airports.
Our headmaster warns us not to break the school rules, or we may be punished（punish).
The money was stolen (steal) yesterday.
The students were requested (request) to look up some information about the movie star.
Only a few materials are required (require) to make paper cuts, and the main tool for paper cutting is scissors.
Chinese people have become interested (interest) in cutting paper into traditional Chinese characters, flowers and animals since a long time ago.
At the moment, passengers who take part in the test are asked (ask) to take a swab to support the result, too.
At press time, at least seven people were died (die) and over 3, 300 buildings were destroyed (destroy).
The festival is celebrated (celebrate) every year in a family party and the celebration will last three days.
Students don't have to worry that their expensive clothes are stolen (steal).
The rest of the money was given (give) away to people when the war ended because their houses were taken (take) down by terrorists.
Lan's hometown was hit (hit) by a strong earthquake on April 20.
The tea is planted (plant) in many different areas in China.
考点3 主动一致（人称和单复数是由时态助动词be, do, will, have表达的）
More than eight hours of sleep every night __is__ (be) necessary(必要的) for their health.
About twenty percent of the children get to school in their parents' car, and another thirty percent arrive (arrive) by bus.
One of the benefits of having uniforms is that it takes (take) away competition for dresses.
下回预告
下回我们继续 章节十九 简单句到复杂句 的讨论！如果对你有用，记得让更多的人参与学习！我是有温度的英语陈老师！
