* 用英语自身来理解和学习英语是最好的方式,《英读廊》是《满庭说英语》中的拓展阅读系列,这一系列的文章力求帮助大家在英语阅读能力上有所提升,并树立英语思维;* 推荐的阅读的方法是:先原文,适当看解析阅读,还有疑惑再看双语对照。* 解析中英语单词的音标使用Dictcom和IPA双音标标注,如果需要了解Dictcom音标,请参看我们的《dictionary.com所用的音标体系》一文。* 本篇文章难度系数7.1,由《小仙英语伴读》人工智能难度分析系统提供评分。
#英语思维#
#英语#
Why does computer OS take up so much storage when it's just mostly made up of texts of code?【译】为什么计算机操作系统只由代码文本组成,却要占用这么多的存储空间?【单词】computer [kuh m-'pyoo-ter][kəm'pjuːtə(r)] n. 电脑;计算机【单词】storage ['stawr-ij]['stɔːrɪdʒ] n. 保管;贮藏;仓库;[计]存储器【单词】mostly ['mohst-lee]['məʊstli] adv. 主要地;通常【单词】code [kohd][kəʊd] n. 代码,编码【专有名词】OS [os][ˌəʊ'es] abbr. 操作系统=(Operating System)
I understand computer operating systems aren't just made up of texts, but I still don't understand how it can take up 10-20 gb of storage when it doesn't have that many images or videos.【译】我知道计算机操作系统不仅仅是由文本组成的,但我仍然不明白,当它没有那么多图像或视频时,它怎么会占用10-20gb的存储空间。【单词】operating 原型:operate ['op-uh-reyt]['ɒpəreɪt] v. 操作;运转;经营;动手术【单词】gb,也写作GB 是gibibyte的简写 信息或计算机存储的一个单位【单词】images 原型:image ['im-ij]['ɪmɪdʒ] n. 影像;图像;图片
It's a lot of text.【译】有很多文字。【短语】a lot of ... 许多;例句:We have grown a lot of beautiful roses this year. 今年我们栽种了许多漂亮的玫瑰。
Like a whole whole lot.【译】差不多一大堆吧。
The Windows git repo is 300GB.【译】Windows操作系统的 git 仓库存储空间占用为300GB。【单词】git repo 这里指存储计算机代码的一个虚拟“仓库”,可以理解成存储代码的虚拟空间【专有名词】Windows n. 微软公司生产的“视窗”操作系统
Though to be fair this also contains a lot of old stuff.【译】公平地说,这里面也有很多旧东西。【单词】fair [fair][feə] adj. 公平的 adv. 公平地,直接地【单词】contains 原型:contain [kuhn-'teyn][kən'teɪn] vt. 容纳;包含【单词】stuff [stuhf][stʌf] n. 东西;原料;材料
But this is also compressed.【译】但这也已经是压缩过了的。【单词】compressed 原型:compress [kuhm-'pres]['kɒmpres] vt. 压缩
The source code for the Linux kernel which is only a small part of a fully functioning OS in 2010 compressed was about 60MB, about 500MB uncompresed and compiles down to about 70MB.【译】Linux操作系统内核的源代码在2010年只是一个功能齐全的操作系统的一小部分,压缩后的源代码约为60MB,未压缩的约500MB,可编译到约70MB。【短语】part of ... (某事物的)一部分;例句:He received part of his education in England. 他有一部分教育是在英国接受的。【专有名词】Linux 诞生于1991 年10 月5 日,是一套免费使用和自由传播的计算机操作系统,是一个从UNIX发展而来,基于多用户、多任务、支持多线程和多CPU的操作系统【单词】kernel ['kur-nl]['kɜːnl] n. 核心;仁;中心【单词】fully ['foo l-ee]['fʊli] adv. 十分地;完全地;全部;足足【单词】functioning 原型:function ['fuhngk-shuh n]['fʌŋkʃn] vi. 运行;起作用【单词】compiles 原型:compile [kuhm-'pahyl][kəm'paɪl] vt. 编译;编制;编纂
You can slim it down a lot if you know the exact hardware, but in general an OS will need to be able to run a wide variety of hardware that may or may not be present without needing to be recompiled.【译】如果你知道确切的硬件,你可以精简很多,但一般来说,一个操作系统需要能够支持各种各样的硬件,这些硬件可能存在也可能不存在,而(操作系统提供时)不能够总是重新编译。【单词】slim [slim][slɪm] v. 减肥;缩减【单词】exact [ig-'zakt][ɪɡ'zækt] adj. 精密严谨的;确切的【单词】hardware ['hahrd-wair]['hɑːdweə] n. [计] 硬件【单词】variety [vuh-'rahy-i-tee][və'raɪəti] n. 多样;种类;多样化
And will also need to have and support a wide variety of programs.【译】而且还需要有和支持各种各样的软件。【单词】programs 原型:program ['proh-gram, -gruh m]['prəʊɡræm] n. 程序;软件
That leads to a lot of code that isn't actually used on any specific hardware setup.【译】这会导致很多代码实际上最终没有在任何特定的硬件设置中使用。【单词】setup ['set-uhp]['setʌp] n. 装备;安装
The base OS takes a lot less than 10-20Gb, the bloat comes with all the add-ons.【译】基本操作系统占用的空间远小于10-20Gb,所有的附加组件都会带来臃肿。【单词】base [beys][beɪs] n. 底部;基地;基础;基数;基线【单词】bloat [bloht][bləʊt] n. 膨胀;肿胀【单词】add-ons 原型:add-on ['ad-on, -awn][æd ɒn] n. 追加;附加,附件
The OS just tells the computer how to interact with basic peripherals, but people expect browsers, mail applications and so on to be standard.【译】操作系统只是告诉计算机如何与基本外围设备交互,但人们希望浏览器、邮件应用程序等都是标准(操作系统包含)的。【单词】interact [in-ter-'akt][ˌɪntər'ækt] vi. 相互作用;相互联系;相互影响;互动【单词】peripherals 原型:peripheral [puh-'rif-er-uhl][pə'rɪfərəl] n. 外围设备【单词】browsers ['brou-zer][b'raʊzəz] 浏览器【单词】mail [meyl][meɪl] n. 邮件
Images and video are also made of lines of code, and actually a much simpler code than OS.【译】图像和视频也由很多行代码组成,实际上比操作系统的代码简单得多的代码。
All an image code needs to do is tell the output device what pixel to light up in what color.【译】一个图像代码需要做的就是告诉输出设备什么像素要用什么颜色点亮。【单词】output ['out-poo t]['aʊtpʊt] n. 输出 vt. 输出(信息等) 【单词】device [dih-'vahys][dɪ'vaɪs] n. 装置;设备【单词】pixel ['pik-suhl, -sel]['pɪksl] n. 像素
OS line of code needs to tell a bunch of different parts what do do, when to do it, how to interact with other parts etc.【译】操作系统的代码行需要告诉一堆不同的部分做什么,什么时候做,如何与其他部分交互等等。【单词】bunch [buhnch][bʌntʃ] n. 串;束;一群;捆【单词】etc ['etk] abbr. 及其他;等等(=Et cetera)
As others have said, most of the space is taken up by graphics like logos, icons, etc.【译】正如其他人所说,大部分空间都被图标、图标等图形文件所占据。【短语】most of ... 大部分,大多数的;绝大多数;例句:I think most of these obstacles can be surmounted. 我认为这些障碍大多数都是可以克服的。【单词】graphics 原型:graphic ['graf-ik]['ɡræfɪk] n. 图表【单词】logos 原型:logo ['loh-goh]['ləʊɡəʊ] n. 商标;标识;图形【单词】icons 原型:icon ['ahy-kon]['aɪkɒn] n. 偶像;象征;[计算机]图标
This is true but most programs that you run on your computer are not just "texts of code".【译】这是真的,但你在你的电脑上运行的大多数程序不仅仅是“代码文本”。
Most computer languages use a program called a compiler to translate the text into a special format that the computer can execute, because computers cannot understand straight text.【译】大多数计算机语言使用一个称为编译器的程序将文本翻译成计算机可以执行的特殊格式,因为计算机无法理解纯文本。【单词】compiler [kuhm-'pahy-ler][kəm'paɪlə] n. 编辑者;[计算机]编译器;编译程序【单词】translate [trans-'leyt][træns'leɪt] v. 翻译;解释;转移;调动【单词】format ['fawr-mat]['fɔːmæt] n. 版式;设计;格式【单词】execute ['ek-si-kyoot]['eksɪkjuːt] vt. 执行;实行;完成【单词】computers 原型:computer [kuh m-'pyoo-ter][kəm'pjuːtə(r)] n. 电脑;计算机【单词】straight [streyt][streɪt] adj. 直的;坦率的;正直的;准的
This special format is called a binary.【译】这种特殊格式称为二进制(格式)。【单词】binary ['bahy-nuh-ree]['baɪnəri] adj. 二进位的;二元的 n. 二进制;二元
On windows, these are .exe files or .dll files.【译】在windows上,这些是(文件后缀为).exe文件或.dll文件。【单词】files 原型:file [fahyl][faɪl] n. 档案;卷宗;文件
The reason that these take up so much space is because they have special instructions that tell the CPU what steps to take, almost like an instruction manual.【译】它们占用这么多空间的原因是因为它们有特殊的指令告诉CPU要采取什么步骤,几乎就像一本说明书。【单词】instructions 原型:instruction [in-'struhk-shuhn][ɪn'strʌkʃn] n. 指令;教学;教诲;说明【单词】steps 原型:step [step][step] n. 步骤;步伐【单词】instruction [in-'struhk-shuhn][ɪn'strʌkʃn] n. 指令;说明【单词】manual ['man-yoo-uh l]['mænjuəl] n. 指南;手册【专有名词】CPU [ˌsiːpiː'juː] abbr. [计算机]中央处理器(=central processing unit)
Windows also depends on a lot of other programs also for things like device drivers.【译】Windows还依赖于很多其他程序,比如设备驱动程序。【单词】depends 原型:depend [dih-'pend][dɪ'pend] vi. 依赖;依靠;取决于【单词】drivers 原型:driver ['drahy-ver]['draɪvə] n. 驱动器,驱动程序
All of these things together, constitute a lot of space on your disk.【译】所有这些东西加在一起,在你的磁盘上构成了很大的空间。【单词】constitute ['kon-sti-toot, -tyoot]['kɒnstɪtjuːt] vt. 构成;组成;任命;建立;制定【单词】disk [disk][dɪsk] n. 圆盘;磁盘
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