associate （使）联系，（使）结合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.
bar 条，块，杆，棒, 酒吧 a bar of gold
beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.
bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.
boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.
bore 钻孔，挖（通道） bore through a wall
bounce 弹起，反弹 The ball doesn’t bounce well.
sovereign a.独立的，有主权的 n.君主，国王，统治者
spacious adj.广阔的，宽敞的
spectrum n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列
spicy a.加很多香料的；(口味)浓郁的
spine n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊
bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.
boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures
brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.
breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly.
bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb.
anchor 锚 The anchor catches (drags).
annoy 使恼怒，使生气 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.
annual 每年的，年度的 the annual output of steel
anonymous 匿名的，无名的 an anonymous letter (phone call)
anticipate 预期，预料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).
apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.
apparent 显然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood.
brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace
brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass
accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚 accumulate wisdom
accurate 准确的，精确的 an accurate estimate
accuse 指控，指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books.
activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动 They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.
bump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.
burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst.
casual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meeting
cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly.
certify 证明，证实 The accounts were certified (as) correct.
challenge 向...挑战 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.
character （事物的）性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character.
secure 安全的，可靠的，有把握的 a castle ～from attack
sensible 明知的，合情理的 a ～ choice
appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.
appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weight
appreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.
apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?
appropriate 恰当的，相称的 Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.
approve 赞成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct.
approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock.
apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.
arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice
arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat
charge 要（价），收（费） The airlines charge half price for students.
charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.
chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.
check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps
cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land
chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.
choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke
bias 偏见，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.)
blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.
blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of wind
blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.
aggravate 加重，加剧，恶化 aggravate the declining economy
aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon
allied 结盟的，有关联的 allied nations
allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance
alter 改变，更改 alter an attitude
alternate 交替，轮流 Night and day alternate.
arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.
array 排列，队形 The troops were formed in battle array.
articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.
boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts.
bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts
confuse 使混乱，混淆 He confused the arrangements by arriving late.
corrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt life
count数,计算: count the money
course课程,科目:an English course
courtesy 谦恭有礼。有礼的举止（或）言辞：come in without courtesy
credit信任，可信性；学分I have full credit in your ability to do the job。
shade 荫，荫凉处The group of trees provide some ～ from the sun
sham假装，虚伪 Her illness was a ～ to gain sympathy
shear 剪，修剪 ～ a lawn
shed 流 ～ one’s blood for one’s country
sheer 完全的，十足的 ～ nonsense
shelter 掩蔽处，躲避处 a bus ～
connect 连接，连接 The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland.
conscious 意识到的，自觉地 They were conscious that he disapproved.
consent 同意，赞同，准许 The people will never consent to another war.
conserve 保护，保藏，保存 conserve natural resources
consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.
consolidate 巩固，加强 consolidate one’s position
conspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的 He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.
contrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary view
contrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of government
contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every payday
contrive设计,想出:contrive a new method
corrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and seller
dawn 黎明，拂晓 work from dawn to dark
dazzle （强光等）使目眩，耀眼：He was dazzled by his sudden success.
deceive 欺骗，蒙蔽：deceive oneself
decent 体面的，像样的:She didn’t have a decent dress for the ball.
decline 拒绝，谢绝：We sent him an invitation but he declined.
appeal 呼吁，恳求 I appealed to the children to make less noise.
applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.
apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.
chorus 合唱队
chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的 chronic indigestion
clarity 澄清，阐明 clarify an issue
cling 粘着 The frightened child clung to her mother.
clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy
monitor 班长 ；监控
mortgage 抵押（借款）He will have to ～ his land for a loan.
motion 动，运动the ～ of the planets
motive 动机，目的be proper in～
mount登上， 爬上～ the steps
cluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists
clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity
coherent 一致的，协调的 lack coherent political goals
cure 治愈，医治：this medicine cured him of his pains。
cut 切，割，剪，砍，削; The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.
screen 屏，幕，帘 a folding ～
decompose 分解，腐烂，腐败：decompose a compound into its elements.
dedicate 奉献，把。。。用在（to）: The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.
deduce 演绎，推论：From her conversation, I deduced that she had a large family.
define 解释，给。。。下定义: People define him as a genius.
deform(使)变形：Heat deforms plastic.
constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noise
constitute 组成，构成 constitute a threat to sb.
consult 请教，与......商量 consult a doctor about one’s illness
consume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in reading
contact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sb
contain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve items
contaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the air
calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago
call 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present.
cancel 取消，废除，删去 cancel a trip
capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies
assume 假定，假设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable.
assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证
assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help.
astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance.
attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase
attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal
attend 出席，参加（会议等） attend a wedding
attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.
attentive 注意的，专心的 an attentive audience
attribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work.
auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket
avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?
average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.
avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.
ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔 He was banned from entering the city.
bang （突发的） sudden loud bang
cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme
contempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sb
contest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region
contract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact with
contradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theory
defy 公然违抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.
degenerate 衰退，堕落，变坏（into）: Her eyesight degenerated with the years.
deliberate 慎重的，深思熟虑的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.
denote 表示，是。。。的标志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.
correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation
correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondent
corresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints
compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage
compare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine
compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.
detain 留住，担搁：be detained by business.
detect （当场）发现（某人在干坏事）:detect a student cheating
deteriorate （使）恶化,(使)变坏,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.
deviate 背离，偏离：deviate from the rule
devote 将...献给（to）:Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.
compile 汇编，编制 compile an anthology of poems
comply 遵从，顺从，服从 comply with rules(safety regulations)
compose 组成，构成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences
comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.
compromise 妥协，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next.
confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships.
crucial 决定性的，关键性的：a crucial decision
cue 提示，暗号，信号：throw cues to sb
cultivate耕作，栽培，养殖：cultivate vegetables
differentiate 使不同，使有差别，区分，区别：differentiate varieties of plants
diffuse 扩散（气体，液体等）：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.
disgust 厌恶，恶心：feel disgust for bad odors
disperse 分散，驱散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gas
displace 移动。。。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwaters
dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display
disregard 不理会，不顾：Disregard the noise and keep working
distinct 有区别的，不同的：Three distinct types of people
distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或with)pain
distract 使转向：be distracted from one’s original purpose
distribute 分配，分发：distribute the prizes among the winners
eliminate排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man
elite出类拔萃的人(或物),精华:the elite of the society
eloquent雄辩的,口才流利的,有说服力的:an eloquent spokesman
embark上船(或飞机,汽车等):embark for Europe at New York harbor
embody使具体化,表现:embody principles in actions
embrace拥抱:She embraced her son tenderly
enlighten 启发,使摆脱偏见(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future?
enroll 吸收(成员),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year
ensure 保证,担保:His industriousness and ability will ensure his success
diminish 减少，降低：His illness diminished his strength.
diplomat 外交家，外交官，圆滑的人：a career diplomat
discard 丢弃，抛弃：discard an old pair of shoes
discern 看出，觉察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.
disclose 揭露，透露，使公开：disclose information to sb.
discharge 释放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.
discount 把（价格，费用等）打折扣，削价出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid when due.
discriminate 区别，辨别：It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.
disgrace 丢脸，耻辱：bring disgrace on oneself
entertain 给。。。娱乐,使有兴趣:The child is entertaining himself with his building blocks
entitle 给。。。权利,给。。。资格(to):Robert was entitled to see the documents
equivalent 相等的,相同的:The misery of such a position is equivalent to its happiness
erase 擦掉,抹掉,消除:erase the chalk marks
erect 竖直的,垂直的,竖起的:an erect tree
erupt (火山,喷泉等)喷发:The volcano is due to erupt any day
essence 本质,实质,要素:Being thoughtful of others is the essence of politeness
eternal 永恒的,永存的,永久的:eternal truths
evaluate 估价,评价:evaluate property
evaporate (使)蒸发,(使)挥发:Heats evaporate water
exaggerate 夸张,夸大,对…言过其实:keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate
exceed 超出,胜过:Her performance exceeded all the others
external 外面的,外部的:external signs of a disease
descend 下来，下降：Darkness descended too soon.
extract取出,提取:extract a confession
extravagant奢侈的,浪费的:be extravagant in one’s way of living
fabricate 建造,制造:The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock
facilitate使变得(更)容易,使便利:Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from the Middle East to Japan
fade (颜色)褪去:The color in this material will not fade
faint不清楚的,模糊的,微弱的:a faint idea
fancy想象力:Children usually have a lively fancy
fare车费,船费,飞机票价:full (half) fare
divorce 离婚，分离，脱离：sue for a divorce
dominate 分配，统治：a white dominated society
donate 捐赠，赠送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.
doom 命运，厄运，劫数：His doom was to be poverty.
doze 打瞌睡，打盹儿：The old lady dozed in her armchair.
drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pool
dread 怕，畏惧:I dread to think of what may happen.
drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.
dubious 引起怀疑的，不确定的：a dubious reply
due 欠款的，应支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.
dump 倾倒，倾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.
duplicate 完全一样的，复制的：a duplicate key
excess 超越,超过:an excess of supply over demand
execute 实行,实施,执行,履行:execute a plan
exemplify 例示,举例证明,是…的例证(或榜样等):The teacher exemplified the use of the word
exert 用力,尽力:exert all one’s strength
exhaust 汲空,抽完:exhaust a well
expand 扩大,扩展,膨胀:Reading(travel)expands one’s mind
expel 驱逐,赶走:expel an invader from a country
expend 花费,消费(on, in):They expended all their strength in (on) trying to climb out
expire 满期,届期,(期限)终止:His term of office expires this year
explicit 详尽的,明确的:give explicit directions
exploit英勇的或冒险的行为或事迹:The daring of exploit of the parachutists were much admired
exterior 外部的,外面的,外表的:exterior decorations
durable 耐用的：a durable fabric
dwell （dwelt 或 dwelled ）（尤指作为常住居民）居住: dwell on an island
economical节约的,节俭的,经济的: an economical stove
generate 产生，发生(电、热、光、力、摩擦力等)：generate electricity
genuine 真的，非人造的，名副其实的：genuine leather
gesture 手势，示意动作：raise one’s hands in a gesture of despair
confine 限制，使局限 They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.
confirm 证实，肯定 confirm a rumour
conflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗 The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.
conform 遵照，适应 confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)
flourish 茂盛,繁荣,兴旺:Painting flourished in Italy in the fifteenth century
fluctuate波动,起伏:You can’t march in a straight line to the victory, you fluctuate it
flush 脸红:Her cheeks flushed red
forbid 不许,禁止:Wine is absolutely forbidden to all the children
forge锻炼:forge a horse-shoe out of an iron bar
glance 一瞥，扫视：take a glance at the newspaper headlines
glare 怒视，瞪眼：give the jury a glare
dense 稠密的，密集的:a dense forest
deposit 存放：She deposited her bag in the cloakroom.
depress 使沮丧，使消沉：That movie depressed me.
deprive 剥夺，使丧失：deprive sb. of his property
derive 取得，得到：He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.
controversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversy
convention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a convention
convert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gas
convey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric current
convict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smuggling
coordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agencies
cordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)
glimpse 一瞥，一看：have a glimpse of (into)sth
glitter 闪闪发亮(或发光)，光彩夺目，闪耀：His language glitters with marvelous words
glory 光荣，荣誉：The soldiers hoped to win glory on the battle field
glow 发热，发光，发红：the fire glowing in the darkness
gossip 流言蜚语：give rise to gossip
govern 统治，管理：govern a nation
grace 优美：She ran well, grace in every movement
graduate (使)大学毕业：graduate from college
grant 同意，准予：grant a request
grease 油脂，动物脂：the grease spot on the envelope
heal 治愈，愈合：heal the sick
heap (一)堆：a big heap of books
hedge (矮树)树篱：a quickset hedge
highlight 使显著，使突出：Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output
fracture 裂缝,裂痕: a fracture in the pipe
frequent时常发生的,频繁的:His trips to France are less frequent now
frown 皱眉:frown at sb
frustrate 挫败,阻挠,使灰心,使无效:frustrate a plan
fulfill (fulfilled, fulfilling)履行,实现,完成: fulfill a contract
furnish供应，提供：furnish blankets for the refugees
fury狂怒，暴怒：fly into a fury
fuss大惊小怪，乱忙，小题大做：make much fuss over losing a penny
hinder妨碍，阻止：Bad weather hindered travel
hint 暗示：drop(give ,throw out)a hint
enforce实施,使生效:The principal enforced the rules of the school
engage (用契约诺言等)约束,使订婚:He engaged himself as an apprentice to a printer
enhance 提高(价格,质量,吸引力等),增加,增强:enhance one’s reputation
figure 数字:according to official figures
finance 财政,金融:skill in finance
finite 有限的,有限制的:a finite number of facts
flare (火焰)闪耀,(摇曳不定地)燃烧:candle flaring in the wind
flash 闪光,闪烁:a flash of lighting
flat平坦的,扁平的:a flat land
inaccessible 达不到的：The two rocks at the top of the steep hill is at first sight inaccessible
incline倾斜：The shaft inclines almost thirty degree
incorporate 包含，吸收：His book incorporates his earlier essays
incur 招致，引起，遭受：incur sb’s displeasure(envy)
modify 修改，更改 ～a law
momentary 片刻的，瞬息的 a ～ feeling of fear
designate 指明，表明：designate boundaries
desolate 荒芜的，不毛的：desolate land
despise 蔑视，鄙视：He despises flattery.
detach 拆卸：They detached their trailer and set up camp.
diagnose 诊断，判断：The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.
dictate 口授，使听写：dictate a letter to a secretary
coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.
collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作 He and I collaborated in writing plays.
collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.
collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck.
commemorate 纪念，庆祝 commemorate a holiday
commend 表扬，称赞 commend a soldier for bravery
extinct (火等)熄灭了的:an extinct cigarette(fire)
extinguish熄灭,扑灭:extinguish a cigarette(candle)
multiply 乘，相乘～ 7 and 8
muscle 肌肉 facial ～s
mutual 相互的， 彼此的 ～ aid
narrate 叙述，讲述 ～ the story of sb’s life
negligent 疏忽的，大意的 be ～ about traffic regulations
indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的：The actress was at the columnist’s personal questions
indispensable 必不可少的，必需的(to. for)：Oxygen is indispensable to life
induce 引诱，劝使：Nothing will induce me to do that
infer (根据已知事实等)推断，推定(from)：From his grades I inferred that he was a good student
ingenious (人,头脑等)灵巧的，足智多谋的：an ingenious designer
instant 紧急的，急迫的，立即的，即刻的：be in instant need of help
institute 学会，协会，学院，研究院：an institute for the blind
insulate 隔音，使隔绝(以免受到影响)：We are not insulated from the real world the way we were
insult 侮辱，辱骂：She insulted him by calling him a coward
flatter奉承,使高兴:I feel greatly flattered by your invitation
flee逃走,逃掉:The enemy troops fled in utter confusion
flexible柔韧易,弯曲的:flexible cord
fling(用力)扔,掷,抛,丢:fling sb into prison
hoist 举起，升起，吊起：The war hoisted prices
hold 拿着，抓住：The girl is holding the baby in her arms
homogeneous 同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的：homogeneous parts
horizon 地平(线)：The sun has sunk below the horizon
hospital 好客的，殷勤的，热情友好的：be hospital to the homeless
hostile 敌人的，敌方的：a hostile army
withstand 经受，承受 ～hardships
speculate 推测，推断 I cannot ～ on their motives for doing this
spill 溢出，溅出 The ship ～ed oil while in port
spin 纺制 ～ cotton into yarn
spit 吐出 He was ～ting out the husks of sunflower seeds on the floor
splash 溅泼A passing car ～ed my dress
split 劈开，切开，裂开 ～ the firewood with an axe
spoil 损坏，毁掉 It would ～ my reputation
sponsor 发起者，主办者，保证人，赞助者the ～ of the annual Christmas parade
spot斑点，污点 a blue tie with ～s
spray 浪花，水花 The new shower heads reduce ～ and waste less water
sprout 抽条，发芽，长出 The seeds we planted finally ～ed
spur 靴刺，踢马刺a pair of ～s
renovate 修复，整修 ～ a two storey building
repel 击退，抵制，拒绝，排斥 ～ the enemy
repent 后悔，懊悔 ～of a thoughtless act
replace 代替，取代，更换The calculator is rapidly replacing the abacus
transmit 播送，发射 ～ a match live
transparent 透明的 Glass is ～
transplant 移植，移种，移居 ～ a human heart into a patient
treasure 财宝，财富 dig for buried ～
trend 倾向，趋势an upward ～ of prices
trick 诡计，骗局 He got the money by a ～
trifle 琐事，小事 One should not get angry about such a ～
trim 整齐的，整洁的 ～ lawns
triple 三倍的，三重的，三部分的，三方的Black unemployment rate runs ～ the figure for whites
triumph 胜利 a ～ over the enemy
trivial 琐碎的，不重要的，无价值的 ～ matters
tuck 夹入，藏入 He ～ed the letter in a book so he wouldn’t lose it
tug （用力）拖或拉He tugged the door but it wouldn’t open
stroke 敲，打，鸣 drive in a nail with one ～ of the hammer
tend 趋向，倾向 Interest rates are ～ing upwards
tender 嫩的 a ～ piece of meat
represent 代表，象征To many local people these castles ～ a hundred years of foreign domination
reproach 责备，指责，斥责 mute ～
scratch 抓，刮，擦 The cat ～ed me with its claws
shield 盾，保护物，防御物 They piled more sand on top as a ～
snob 势力的人，谄上欺下的人 a ～ of the first water
soak 湿透，浸湿，浸泡 You shouldn’t have gone out in the rain－your clothes are ～ing
sober 未醉的 A driver must stay ～
sophisticated 老于世故的 a young man quite ～ for his age
sore 痛的，痛苦的，痛心的touch sb on a ～ place
sow 播种 This plot of land was sown with maize
spark 火花，火星 The firework burst into a shower of ～s
sparkle 发光，闪耀 Her eyes were sparkling with anger
tentative 试验性的，试探性的，暂时的，推测的 a ～plan
terminate 停止，结束，使终止 ～ a contract
terrify 使害怕，使惊吓 She was terrified out of her wits
testify 作证，证明 He agreed to ～ on behalf of the accused man
humble 地位(或身份)低下的，卑贱的：a humble job
hysterical 情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里的 an hysterical outburst of fury
identical 同一的：the same (very)identical menu
identify 识别，鉴别：He identified the coat as his brother’s
idle 闲散的，闲置的：idle money
ignite点燃，使燃烧：ignite a stove fire with scraps of paper
impose 征(税)，加(负担，惩罚等)于(on, upon)：impose additional tax on business expansion
impulse 推动，驱动：give an impulse to the development of the friendly relations between the two countries
intact 完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的：an intact family
integrate使成一体，使合并(with, into)：integrate traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine
interfere 妨碍，冲突(with)：Misty weather interfered with the contact
intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的，周期性的：suffer from intermittent headaches
hazard 危险，危害物，危险之源：a life full of hazards
label 标签，标记，标号：put labels on your luggage
lag 走得慢，落后，滞留：Some of the runners began to lag
latent 潜在的，隐伏的，不易觉察的：a latent infection
leak 漏洞，裂缝：The pipe has got a leak
lean 斜，倾斜 the Leaning tower of Pisa
initiate 开始，发起：initiate a conversation
innovate 革新，改革，创新(in,on/upon)：innovate on another’s creation
inquire 询问，打听：He inquired what the weather was likely to be
insert 插入，嵌入：In the pause he managed to inquire a question
inspire 鼓舞，激起：His speech inspires the crowd
tumble 跌到，滚下The baby is just learning to walk and he’s always tumbling over
tune 曲调，曲子 She wrote the words of the song and her brother wrote the ～
turbulent 骚乱的，动荡的，混乱的，狂暴的a ～ crowd
turn 转动，旋转Turn the hands of the clock until they point to 9 O’clock
tutor 家庭教师，指导教师 When the students are making their choices, their ～ may well guide them
twinkle 闪烁，闪耀，闪亮 The diamond on her finger ～d in the firelight
twist 捻，搓，绞，拧 ～ a rope out of threads
whistle 吹口哨，鸣笛 The train ～d
whitewash 粉饰
wholesome 有益于健康的 ～ surroundings
wicked 坏的，邪恶的，淘气的，恶作剧的 ～ habits
tease 戏弄，取笑 The boy is teasing the cat
tedious 单调乏味的，冗长的，罗嗦的a ～ debate
liable 会……的，有……倾向的 We are all liable to make mistakes
liberal 慷慨的，大方的 a liberal donation
limp 软的，松沓的 a young man in a limp gray sweater
linger逗留，徘徊 The children lingered at the zoo until closing time
lubricate 使润滑 lubricate the skin with cold cream
lump块，小方块 a lump of coal
macroscopic肉眼可见的
magnet 磁铁，磁铁石 The pin was extracted with a magnet
magnify 放大，扩大 I want to magnify this picture
maintain 维持，保持 maintain law and order
malfunction 发生功能障碍，发生障碍 If the computer malfunctions it fails to work properly
maltreat 粗暴地对待，虐待 We’ll not intervene unless the children are being physically maltreated
manifest 显然的，明了的manifest superiority
model 模型，原形 build airplane ～s
nominal 名义的，有名无实的 a ～ leader
nominate 提名 a ～ leader
noteworthy值得注意的，显著的a ～ day
intervene 插入，介入：A week intervenes between Christmas and New Year’s Day
intricate 错综复杂的，复杂精细的：A detective story usually has an intricate plot
invert 使反向，使倒转，使颠倒：The magician inverted the bag to show it was empty
irrespective 不考虑的，不顾的(of) ：irrespective of consequences
irritate 激怒，使恼怒，使烦躁：be irritated by sb’s insolence
justify 证明。。。正当或有理,正确：Such behavior is justified on these grounds
knit 编织，编结：She’s knitting her husband a sweater
greet 问候，招呼：greet sb with a nod
grieve 使悲伤，使伤心：The little girl grieved over her kitten’s death
grind (ground)磨，磨碎，碾碎：grind wheat into flour
grip 抓紧，紧握：Fear gripped his heart
gross 总的，毛的：gross income
guarantee 保证，保证书，保单：Wealth is no guarantee of happiness
hail 欢呼，喝彩：The crowd hailed the actress with joy
halt (行进中的)暂停前进，中止，终止：The car came to a sudden halt
hamper 妨碍，阻碍：hamper sb from getting elected
handicap 障碍，不利条件：Poor eyesight is a handicap to a student
haste 急速，急忙，仓促，草率：Why all this haste?
hatch 孵，孵出：hatch (out) chickens
manipulate (熟练地)操作 Mr. Smith manipulated the ivory chopsticks with great dexterity
mature 熟的，成熟的 a mature fruit
melt 使融化，使熔化 The sun melted the snow
mend 修理，修补 mend clothes
merit 长处，优点，价值，功绩 merits and demerits
migrate 移居(尤指移居国外)，迁移 migrate to another country
minimum 最低限度，最少量，最低点
minor 较小的，较少的，较不重要的
mislead 把……引错方向，把……引入歧途
moan 呻吟声，呜咽声 Each time she moved her leg she let out a ～ .
mobilize 动员 Our country’s in great danger, we must ～ the army.
mock 嘲笑，嘲弄 He had ～ed her modest ambitions.
ornament 装饰品，点缀品 We bought ～s for the Christmas tree
orthodox 正统的，正宗的 an ～ economic theory
outline轮廓，外形 He saw the ～ of a house against the sky
overflow 泛滥 Every spring the river ～s
overhaul 大修，全面检查，彻底革新～ a faulty machine
overhear 偶然听到，偷听到I wouldn’t like to be ～d
occupy 占用，占有My books ～ a lot of space
occur 发生，存在，出现 when did the earthquake ～?
odd的奇数的，单的，奇怪的One ,three five are ～numbers
wicked 坏的，邪恶的，淘气的，恶作剧的 ～ habits
wind 绕，缠The snake wound around a branch
wire 金属丝，金属线steel ～
withdraw 抽回，收回，提取 She withdrew her eyes from the terrible sight
withhold 使停止，阻挡 be obliged to ～ one’s pen
withstand 经受，承受 ～hardships
witness 目击者，见证人a ～ of the accident
offend 冒犯，使生气 She was afraid of ～ing anyone.
offence 犯法行为，过错 They were arrested for drug ～s.
offset 补偿，抵消They gains ～the losses.
omit 省略，删去 Minor points may be omitted.
overlap 重叠，部分相同 The Renaissance overlapped the later Middle Ages
overtake 赶上，超过 He ran out of the door to ～ her
overthrow 推翻，打倒 a plot to ～ the government
overwhelm 征服，压倒，毁坏 He took 45% of the ballots and ～ed his two main rivals
pace 步，步速，步伐 He took three ～s forward
pack 包，包裹 The climber carried some food in a ～ on his back
pad 垫，衬垫 a seat ～
pant 气喘，气喘吁吁地说话 He ～ed along beside the bicycle
parallel 平行的 The road is ～ to the river
patent 专利，专利权，专利品 take out a ～ for an invention
pattern 模范，榜样 set the ～ for
periodical 期刊，杂志 a ～ room
perish 卒，丧生～ from disease
perpetual 永久的，永恒的，长期的 a ～ arms race
pool 水池，游泳池 a swimming ～
notorious 臭名昭著的a ～ thief
notwithstanding 虽然，尽管 They traveled on,～ the storm
nourish养育Milk is all we need to ～our small baby
numb 麻木的，失去感觉的 fingers ～ with cold
object 物体，事物 cultural ～s
objective 目的，宗旨 political ～s
oblige 强迫，迫使 In certain countries the law ～s parents to send their children to school
obscure 晦涩的，费解的 an ～ text
nasty 龌龊的，肮脏的 a～ room
necessitate 使成为必须，需要 The emergency ～d a change in plans.
necessity 必要（性），（迫切）需要 There is no ～ for disappointment.
neglect 忽视，忽略 ～ one’s health
obsolete 废弃的，淘汰的 Wooden warships are ～.
obstinate 顽固的，固执的，倔强的The girl would go her own way, in spite of all warnings
occasion 时刻，场合They met on three ～s
opaque 不透明的A brick wall is ～.
optimistic 乐观的，乐观主义的
option 选择权 It is your ～ to take it or leave it
orient 东方，东方国家 political theory in the West and in the Orient
origin 起源，由来 a word of Latin ～
portable 便于携带的，手提式的，轻便的This little TV is extremely ～
pose 姿势，样子 The model was asked to adopt various ～s for the photographer
postpone 延迟，延缓，延期 We are postponing our trip until the weather grows warmer
potential 潜在的，可能的 That hole in the road is a ～ danger
rally 集合，团结 ～ public opinion in favor of price controls
paralyze 使瘫痪，使麻痹 A stroke ～d half his face
partial 偏向一方的，偏袒的，偏爱的 A parent should not be ～ to any one of his children
participate 参与，参加，In a modern democracy people want to ～ more fully
particular 特殊的，特别的 a matter of ～ importance
pat (用掌或扁平物)轻拍，轻打She patted a place next to her for me to sit down
patch 补钉，补片 patches at elbows of a jacket
hip n.臀部，髋；屋脊
pave 铺路，铺砌，铺筑 ～ a road with concrete
hum v.哼曲子；发嗡嗡声；忙碌n.嗡嗡声，嘈杂声
profound 很深的 a ～ sleep
prohibit 禁止 Tourist class passengers are ～ed from using the first class lounge
prolong 延长，拉长，拖延 a means of ～ing life
prominent 突起的，凸出的 a ～ forehead
prompt 敏捷的，迅速的 He is ～ on the job
pour 倒，注，灌，倾泻，涌流 He began to ～ with sweat
preach 讲道，布道 ～ to a packed church
preside 主持，主管(at, over) The vice chairman of the board will ～ at today’s meeting
press 按，挤，压 ～ the bell
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