Hello, I'm Oli.，今天小编就来聊一聊关于英语一般现在时态的单词?接下来我们就一起去研究一下吧!
英语一般现在时态的单词
Hello, I'm Oli.
大家好，我是奥利。
Welcome to Oxford Online English!
欢迎来到牛津大学在线英语课程！
In this lesson, you can learn about the present simple verb tense in English.
在本节课中，大家将要学习英语中的一般现在动词时态。
How many ways do you know to use the present simple?
你知道有多少种方法可以使用一般现在时吗？
The present simple doesn't just have one or two uses; there are at least eight common uses, and many more special cases.
一般现在时不仅仅有一两个用途；它至少有八种常见的用途，而且还有更多的特殊情况。
In this lesson, you can learn all about the present simple tense.
在本节课中，你可以学习所有关于一般现在时的知识。
Beginners can learn simple ways to use this verb form, and more advanced students can learn about more complex uses of the present simple.
初学者可以学习使用这种动词形式的简单方法，更高级的学生可以学习一般现在时更复杂的用法。
Ready?
准备好了吗？
OK, let's start!
好的，让我们开始吧！
First question: how can you form the present simple?
第一个问题：怎么造一般现在时句子？
To use the present simple, you need to remember three things: First, add an 's' or 'es' to the verb in the third person singular, for example, after 'he', 'she', or 'it'.
要使用一般现在时，你需要记住三件事：首先，在第三人称单数的动词后面加上一个“s”或“es”，例如，在“他”、“她”或“它”之后。
Make negatives using 'don't' or 'doesn't'; use 'doesn't' again for the 3rd person — after 'he', 'she' or 'it'.
否定式使用“don't”或“doesn't”；在第三人称“他”、“她”和“它”之后使用“doesn't”。
You make questions with 'do' or 'does.' For example: "I visit them once a week." "She visits them once a week." We add an's' to the verb after he/she/it.
用“do”或“does”来提问。例如：“我每周去看他们一次。”"她每周去看他们一次。"我们需要在他/她/它的动词后面加一个“s”。
"I have a lot of things to do." "I don't have a lot of things to do." We make negatives with don't'.
“我有很多事情要做。”“我没有很多事情要做。”我们使用的是否定式“don't”。
"I don't have much time." "He doesn't have much time." We make negatives with 'doesn't' after he/she/it.
“我时间不多了。”“他时间不多了。”他、她、它之后的否定式使用“doesn't”。
"You have a big family." "Do you have a big family?" We make questions with 'do'.
“你有一个大家庭。”“你有一个大家庭吗？”我们用“do”进行提问。
"Do you live in this building?" "Does she live in this building?" For the 3rd person, we make questions with 'does'.
“你住在这栋楼里吗？”“她住在这栋楼里吗？”对于第三人称而言，我们用“does”来提问。
You can see that when we use 'does' or 'doesn't', we don't add's' to the verb.
你可以看到，当我们使用“do”或“don't”时，我们不会在动词后面加上“s”。
OK, that shows you how to form the present simple, but how can you use it?
好的，这向你展示了如何造一个一般现在时的句子，但是要如何使用它呢？
Let's look at the different ways you can use this verb form.
让我们来看看这个动词形式的不同用法。
Part two: talking about a regular action.
第二部分：谈论常规行为。
This is one of the most common uses of the present simple.
这是一般现在时的最常见的用法之一。
Let's just look at some examples: "She calls her parents every week." "I don't often go to the gym." Or, "Do you always eat so quickly?" In all of these sentences, we are talking about actions which happen (or don't happen) regularly.
让我们看一些例子："她每周都给父母打电话。"“我不常去健身房。”或者，“你总是吃得这么快吗？”在所有这些句子中，我们谈论的是有规律地发生（或不发生）的行为。
These actions are not happening at this moment.
这些行动目前还没有发生。
This is a simple use of the present simple, which you maybe knew already.
这是一般现在时的简单用法，你可能已经知道了。
But we've only just started.
但我们才刚刚开始。
How else can you use the present simple?
你还能如何使用一般现在时呢？
Do you know any other ways?
你知道其他方法吗？
Let's look.
让我们看看吧。
Part three: talking about general truths.
第三部分：谈论一般真理。
If you want to talk about something which is generally true, you will also need the present simple.
如果你想谈论一些普遍正确的事情，你也需要使用一般现在时。
For example: "The Moon goes around the Earth." "The Nile is the longest river in the world." Or, "Elephants live for 60 or 70 years on average." These things are generally true because they aren't just true at one moment.
例如：“月球绕着地球转。”“尼罗河是世界上最长的河流。”或者，“大象平均能活 60 或 70 岁。”这些事情通常是真实的，因为它们不仅仅在某一时刻如此。
They were true 100 years ago; they're true today, and they'll be true 100 years in the future.
100 年前是真的；今天也是真的，100 年后也是真的。
Compare this to the previous idea: talking about regular actions.
将此与之前的想法进行比较：谈论常规行动。
In both cases, we use the present simple to talk about something which is true not just at this moment, but also in the future and the past.
在这两种情况下，我们都用一般现在时来谈论一些不仅在此刻如此，而且在未来和过去也是如此的事情。
This idea is an important part of the meaning of the present simple.
这是一般现在时意义的重要组成部分。
We'll see it again.
我们会再看到的。
Part four: talking about states and situations.
第四部分：谈论状态和情况。
'Throwing' is an action.
“扔”是一种动作。
It's something which can be happening at one moment.
这是可能在同一时刻发生的事情。
A question: are all verbs actions?
有一个问题：所有的动词都是表示动作吗？
Think about a verb like 'seem'.
比如说“看起来”。
Is 'seeming' an action?
“看起来”是一个动作吗？
Can you say, "You're seeming very quiet today?" No, and no.
你能说，“你今天看起来很安静吗？”不行。
Verbs like 'seem' describe states, not actions.
像“看起来”这样的动词描述的是状态，而不是动作。
We use the present simple to talk about all states in the present.
我们用一般现在时来谈论当下的所有状态。
For example: "You seem a bit quiet today." "He has a lot of experience in his subject." Or, "Why does this one cost more than the others?" Many verbs which describe states, like 'seem' or 'cost' can only be used in simple tenses.
例如：“你今天好像有点安静。”"他在他的学科上有很多经验."或者，“为什么这个比其他的贵？”许多描述状态的动词，如“seem”或“cost”只能用在一般时态中。
They don't exist in continuous tenses.
它们不是以进行时态存在的。
Again, you can see the same idea of something which is true not just now, at this moment, but also in the future and the past.
同样地，你可以看到同样的想法，不仅仅是现在，此时此刻，而且在未来和过去都是这样的。
If you say, "He has a lot of experience in his subject," that means that he had a lot of experience last week, and he'll have a lot of experience next week, too.
如果你说，“他在他的学科上有很多经验”，这意味着他上周有很多经验，下周也会有很多经验。
It's not just about this moment.
不仅仅是这一刻。
Part five: using the present simple with verbs of sensing, feeling, thinking or speaking.
第五部分：与感觉、感受、思考或说话的动词一起的时候，使用一般现在时。
With many verbs of sensing (like 'hear', 'see' or 'smell') , feeling (like 'like', 'love' or 'hate') thinking (like 'know', 'realise' or 'remember') or speaking (like 'promise', 'admit' or 'advise') , we use the present simple.
对于许多感知动词而言（如“听到”、“看到”或“闻到”）、感觉（如“喜欢”、“爱”或“恨”）、思考（如“知道”、“意识”或“记住”）或说话（如“承诺”、“承认”或“建议”），我们使用一般现在时。
This is because many of these verbs describe states, and the present simple is used to talk about states, as you saw just now.
这是因为这些动词中有许多都是描述状态的，而一般现在时是用来谈论状态的，就像你刚才看到的那样。
Let's look at some more examples: "This cheese smells a bit strange." "I don't like going shopping." "Do you realise what you're doing?" "I promise it won't happen again." In all of these sentences, only the present simple is possible.
让我们再看一些例子：“这奶酪闻起来有点奇怪。”“我不喜欢逛街。”“你知道你在做什么吗？”“我保证不会再发生了。”在所有这些句子中，只能使用一般现在时。
You can't say, "Are you realising what you're doing?" Or, "I'm promising it won't happen again." Part six: talking about long-lasting situations.
你不能说，“你意识到你在做什么了吗？”或者，“我保证这种事不会再发生了。”第六部分：谈论持久的情况。
If you say, "She lives with her friend." Or, "She's living with her friend." Are they the same?
如果你说，“她和她的朋友住在一起。”或者，“她和她的朋友住在一起。”它们是一样的吗？
If not, what's the difference?
如果不是的话，有什么区别呢？
They're different.
它们是不同的。
If you say, "She lives with her friend," with the present simple, this suggests that the situation is permanent, or at least long-lasting.
如果你说，“她和她的朋友住在一起”，用一般现在时，这表明这种情况是永久性的，或者至少是持久的。
She's not just staying with her friend for a few weeks.
她不只是和她的朋友呆几个星期。
She lives with her friend, permanently.
她永远和她的朋友住在一起。
If you say, "She's living with her friend," with the present continuous, this suggests that the situation is temporary.
如果你说，“她和她的朋友住在一起”，用现在进行时，这表明这种情况是暂时的。
Maybe she's just staying with her friend while she looks for her own place.
也许她只是在找自己的住处时和她的朋友住在一起。
When we use the present simple to talk about a situation, it suggests that the situation has continued for a long time, and/or that we expect this situation to continue for a long time into the future.
当我们用一般现在时来谈论一种情况时，它表明这种情况已经持续了很长时间，以及我们期望这种情况在未来很长时间内继续下去。
In some cases, it's possible to use either the present simple or the present continuous in the same sentence, but the meanings would be different.
在某些情况下，可以在同一个句子中使用一般现在时或现在进行时，但意思会不同。
Using the present simple shows a situation is long-lasting or permanent, while using the present continuous shows that a situation is just temporary.
使用一般现在时表示情况是持久的或永久的，而使用现在进行时表示情况只是暂时的。
For example: "He works for a small design company." This is his career.
例如：“他在一家小型设计公司工作。”这是他的事业。
This is his job.
这是他的工作。
He'll probably stay there a long time.
他可能会在那里呆很长时间。
"He's working for a small design company." He works there at the moment.
“他在一家小型设计公司工作。”他现在在那儿工作。
He might change jobs soon.
他可能很快就会换工作。
Another example: "I go to the gym every week." That means I do this every week, every month, all year.
另一个例子：“我每周都去健身房。”这意味着我每周、每月、全年都这样做。
Next month, I'll still be going to the gym.
下个月，我仍然会去健身房。
"I'm going to the gym every week." That means I'm doing this at the moment.
“我每周都去健身房。”这意味着我现在正在做这件事。
Next month, you won't see me there!
下个月，你就看不到我了！
In all of these sentences, both forms are possible (simple or continuous) , but the present simple shows that these situations are long-lasting, while the present continuous shows that these situations probably won't continue for a long time.
在所有这些句子中，两种形式都是可能的（一般时或进行时），但是一般现在时表明这些情况是持久的，而现在进行时表明这些情况可能不会持续很长时间。
Okay, part seven — lots of parts! — use the present simple to tell jokes or stories in conversational English.
好吧，第七部分——内容真的好多呀——在英语对话中用一般现在时来讲笑话或故事。
Imagine you're telling a story to your friends.
想象你正在给你的朋友讲一个故事。
What verb form would you use?
你会用什么动词形式？
You should use the past, right?
你应该用过去时的，对吧？
After all, you're talking about a story, something which happened in the past.
毕竟，你在谈论一个故事，过去发生的事情。
Shouldn't you use a past verb form?
不应该用动词过去形式吗？
Hmm... That's logical, but it's not always true.
嗯……这是合乎逻辑的，但并不总是正确的。
We often use the present simple to tell stories or jokes, even for things which happened in the past.
我们经常用一般现在时来讲故事或笑话，即使是过去发生的事情。
This is only possible in conversational English.
这只能在英语会话中实现。
Why do we do this?
我们为什么要这么做？
Using the present simple instead of the past makes the story sound more direct and exciting.
用一般现在时代替过去，让故事听起来更直接、更精彩。
For example: So, I see this guy who looks just like Johnny Depp, and I go up to talk to him, but then I trip and throw my drink all over him!
例如：我看到一个看起来很像约翰尼·德普的人，我走上前和他说话，但后来我绊倒了，把饮料扔在了他身上！
He gives me this look, like I'm a complete idiot, and just walks away.
他看了我一眼，好像我是个十足的白痴，然后走开了。
Similarly, the present simple is often used in newspaper headlines, even for things which happened in the past.
同样地，一般现在时也经常用于报纸标题，即使是过去发生的事情。
For example: You might see headlines like "Prime Minister resigns" "Scientists discover new element".
例如：你可能会看到像“总理辞职”、“科学家发现新元素”这样的标题。
Next, we also use the present simple in commentary.
接下来，我们还在评论中使用一般现在时。
What's commentary?
什么是评论？
Commentary means describing something as it's happening, usually on TV or on the radio.
评论意味着描述正在发生的事情，通常是在电视或收音机上。
For example, sports matches have commentators, who describe the match to listeners or viewers.
例如，体育比赛有评论员，他们会向听众或观众描述比赛。
Commentators use the present simple to talk about shorter actions which are happening at that moment.
评论员用一般现在时来谈论当时正在发生的较短的动作。
For example: "He passes, he shoots… He hits the post!" "She serves, but Williams makes a great return." "The prince waits at the altar, while the princess walks slowly up the aisle." This might seem strange.
例如：“他传球，投篮……他击中了柱子！”“她发球了，但威廉姆斯回击得很好。”“王子在祭坛前等候，公主缓缓走过过道。”这可能看起来很奇怪。
Commentary describes something which is happening now, so you might think we should use the present continuous.
评论描述现在正在发生的事情，所以你可能会认为我们应该使用现在进行时。
Commentary does use the present continuous, but mostly for longer actions.
评论确实会使用现在进行时，但主要用于较长的动作。
For example: "He's warming up and getting ready to come on the pitch." "The players are taking a break while the medic treats her leg." Normally, we use the present simple for longer actions and the present continuous for shorter actions.
例如：“他正在热身，准备上场。”“队员们正在休息，医生正在治疗她的腿。”通常，我们用一般现在时表示较长的动作，用现在进行时表示较短的动作。
But in commentary, the opposite is true; the present simple describes shorter actions, the continuous is used for longer actions.
但在评论中，情况正好相反；一般现在时描述较短的动作，进行时用于较长的动作。
OK, you're nearly finished.
好的，很快就完成了。
We have one more use of the present simple.
一般现在时还有一个用法。
What is it?
是什么呢？
Let's look: Part nine: we use the present simple for future schedules.
让我们看看第九部分：我们用一般现在时来谈论未来计划好的时间。
So, you can also the present simple to talk about the future.
所以呢，你也可以用一般现在时来谈论未来。
How?
怎么做呢？
We use the present simple to talk about things in the future which are on a timetable or schedule.
我们用一般现在时来谈论未来的事情，这些事情都在时间表的计划上。
This includes things like trains, planes and other public transport; meetings and appointments; classes and so on, things like this.
这包括像火车、飞机和其他公共交通工具；会议和约会；课程等等诸如此类的情况。
For example: "Class starts at 10. 00." "The plane arrives at 12. 20 at night." "What time does the meeting start?" In all of these sentences, we are talking about the future, but because we are talking about timetables or schedules, we use the present simple.
例如：“10 点开始上课。”“飞机在晚上 12 点 20 分到达。”“会议几点开始？”在所有这些句子中，我们都在谈论未来，但是因为我们在谈论时间表，我们要使用的是一般现在时。
OK, let's review.
好的，让我们回顾一下。
Wow!
哇！
Lots of information in this lesson.
这节课有很多信息。
Don't worry if you don't remember it all.
如果你不记得了的话，不要担心。
You can always review the video if you need to.
如果需要的话，你可以随时查看视频。
It will still be here.
视频会一直在这里。
I hope you can see that the present simple is actually a very flexible and powerful verb form.
我希望大家能看到，一般现在时其实是一个非常灵活强大的动词形式。
You can use it to express many, many different ideas.
你可以用它来表达很多很多不同的想法。
However, if you want to use the present simple in all these ways, you need to understand the different meanings.
然而，如果你想以这些方式使用一般现在时的话，你需要理解不同的含义。
There isn't one answer to the question "What does the present simple do?" There are many answers!
“一般先试试是什么作用”这个问题没有一个简单的答案。答案有很多！
OK. That's the end of the lesson.
好的。这节课到此结束。
Thanks very much for watching!
非常感谢大家的收看！
I hope you found it useful.
希望你们觉得课程有用。
You can see more of our free lessons on our website: www. oxfordonlineenglish. com. But that's all, thanks very much.
你可以在我们的网站上看到更多的免费课程：www.oxfordonlineenglish. com。就到这里啦，非常感谢大家。
See you next time, bye bye!
下次在见，拜拜！
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