初中英语语法重点总结情态动词(中考英语语法情态动词)(1)

情态动词

一、can和could

1、can的用法

(1)表示体力和脑力方面的能力。

(2)表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。

(3)表示可能性,理论上的可能性,意为“有时候可能会”,可用于肯定句。

(4)表示允许,意思与may接近。

(5)表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

(6)can的特殊句型

cannot…too / enough表示“无论怎么……也不过分”,“越……越好”。

cannot but do sth.表示“不得不,只好”。

2、could的用法

(1)表示能力,指的是过去时间。

(2)表示允许,指的是过去时间。

(3)表示可能,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和。

(4)委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。主要用于疑问句,回答时用can。

3、can与could的区别

can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句(could无此限制)。couldn’t的可能性比can’t小。

4、can与be able to的区别

(1)现在时:无区别,但后者不常用。

(2)完成时;can没有完成时,此时要用have(has,had)been able to。

(3)将来时:can没有将来时,要用will be able to。

(4)过去时:could表示一般能力,was/were able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。

二、may 和might

1、may的用法

(1)表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。

(2)表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在,通常用在肯定句和否定句中。

注意:表示可能性时,can’t语气强,表示“不可能”,may not语气弱,表示“可能不”。

2、might的用法

(1)表示询问或允许,指的是过去时间。

(2)表示可能发生的事,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,语气更加不肯定,可能性比may小一些。

3、may与might的特殊用法

(1)“may 主语 动词原形”表示祝愿。

(2)“may/ might well 动词原形”表示(完全)能,很可能。

(3)“may/ might as well 动词原形”表示最好,满可以,倒不如。

(4)may be 是“情态动词 系动词be”结构,表示“可能有,可能在”,否定式为may not be。

maybe是一个词,为副词,意为“大概,或许,可能”,在句中作状语。

三、must的用法

1、表示“必须”,多强调说话人的主观看法。

2、must和have to 的区别:

(1)must表示说话人的义务或说话人主观认为“必须,应当”做某事;have to表示由于某种外界原因而“必须,不得不”做某事。即must侧重说明主观看法,have to强调客观需要。

(2)must只有一种形式,可用于现在、过去或将来时,但have to有不同的形式,可用于不同的时态。

(3)在否定句中,don’t need to, don’t have to, needn’t表示没有义务;mustn’t表示禁止。

3、must的否定形式must not/ mustn’t 意为“不许,禁止”,表示绝对禁止。若表示“没必要,不必”,应使用needn’t或don’t have to。

注意:对must作否定回答时,不用mustn’t,用needn’t或don’t have to。

4、must 表示“偏偏”,指令人不快的事情。

5、must用来表示推测,意为i“准是,肯定是”,一般用于肯定句,肯定程度比may,might大的多。

四、need的用法

1、need用作情态动词,后面接动词原形,通常用在否定句和疑问句中。

2、回答need时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。

3、need用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面加to do。

4、need to do和need doing

need to do中不定式的逻辑主语就是主句的主语;need doing是主动形式表示被动含义,即need前的主语就是need后面的动词所表示的动作的承受者。

注意:want和require作“需要”讲时,和need的用法相同。

5、needn’t have done与didn’t need to do

needn’t have done表示过去本不必做但实际上却做了某事

didn’t need to do表示过去不必做而实际上也没做某事

五、dare的用法

1、dare用作情态动词,后面接动词原形,通常用在否定句和疑问句和条件句中;它没有人称和数的变化,但有过去式(dared)。

2、dare用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面加to do。

注意:(1)I dare say意为“我认为,我相信,很可能”。

(2)dare用作实义动词时,表示“敢冒(危险),不俱”。

(3)dare可用于激将或挑战。例:He dared me to jump down.

六、will和would

1、will的用法

(1)可以表示主观意志、意愿,可用于各种人称。

(2)可以表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等,意为“经常,惯于,总是”。

(3)表示命令(说话这确信命令一定会得到执行)或允诺。

(4)will可用于祈使句的附加疑问句。

(5)用于疑问句,表“邀请,请求”,常与第二人称you连用。

2、would的用法

(1)作为will的过去时态,用于过去时中,表示主观愿望或意志,意为“愿意,执意”。

(2)用与第二人称,表示谦恭的请求或征求意见,比will更为客气。

(3)表示过去的习惯,后接动词原形,意为“总是,总会”。

(4)would表意愿用于词组中。

Would like “喜欢,想要”(=would love)

Would rather “宁愿”。

七、shall和should

1、shall的用法

(1)shall用于第一、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。

(2)shall用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

(3)用于所有人称,表示规章、法令、预言等,可译为“必须”。

2、should的用法

(1)表示义务、责任或劝告、建议、命令等,意为“应该”。

(2)表示有一定根据的推测、推论或可能性,意为“可能,该”(肯定的语气没有must表推测时强)。

(3)多用于疑问句中,表示惊讶、难以相信或不应该的事。

(4)ought to和should的比较

A、ought to也可以表示推论、可能性,和should用法一样。

B、在省略回答中,ought to中的to可以省略。

C、should和ought to表示做正确的事情或理应做的事情。

be supposed to 意为“被期望,应该”,表示被期望发生或根据安排、要求做某事,或认为做某事是正常的。

八、had better

意为“最好”,’d better 为其缩写形式,其后续跟动词原形。

注意:had better 的否定形式为had better not。

九、used to “过去常常”

仅用于过去时态中,通常用于所有人称。

1、used to 动词原形,表示过去(有规律的)习惯或过去某一时期的的状况,但现在已不存在。

2、其反意疑问句简略回答中,也有两种形式:didn’t ,use(d)n’t

3、used to 和would的区别

(1)used to 可表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态,而would仅表示过去习惯性或重复性的动作。

(2)used to 强调过去的行为同现在的对比,含有“过去如此,现在已不再这样了”之意。Would仅表示过去习惯性动作,没有预先在对比的含义。

(3)used to不能跟表确定时间短的时间状语连用。

(4)used to 可用于无人称句和存在句,而would则不可。

4、used to与be used to do和be used to doing

(1)used to表示“过去常常”隐含现在不这样了,其中to是不定式符号,后跟动词原形,仅用于过去时态。

(2)be/get/become used to 表示“习惯于”时,意为“变得习惯于“或“开始习惯于”。

(3)be used to do表示“被用来”。

十、情态动词后的某些动词形式

1、情态动词 have done

(1)“must have done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句。

(2)“can't have done”表示对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”。

(3)“can have done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过……吗?”

(4)“could have done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。

(5)“may have done”表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。

(6)“might have done”表示对过去事情的推测,might与may意思相同,多用于虚拟语气结构中;还可以表示“本来可能……”。

(7)“would have done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”。

(8)“should have done”意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。” “shouldn't have done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。

(9)“ought to have done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理应做……”,往往表示遗憾。与“should have done”用法基本一样。

(10)“need have done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't have done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。

2、情态动词 be doing:表示对现在正在做的事情的推测。

十一、含有某些情态动词的反意疑问句

1、must

当must表示命令时,反意疑问句用needn’t。

当must表示推测时,反意疑问句与实际情况保持一致,即与把must删掉后的陈述句的反意疑问句保持一致。

2、can’t

当can’t表示没能力做某事时,反意疑问句用can sb.?

当can’t用于表推测时,反意疑问句由实际情况决定,即由去掉can’t后的真实陈述句决定。

十二、情态动词专项练习(附答案)

1. Jean () have kept his promise. I wonder why he changed his idea.

A. must B. should C. need D. would

解析:选B. “should have 过去分词” 表示“过去本来应该(但没能)做某事”;

keep one’s promise 意为“信守诺言”。

2. Jane () have come to the party, but she () not find the exact time.

A. could; could B. might; could

C. should; could D. should; would

解析:选A.“ could have 过去分词表示过去本来应该(但没能)做某事”。

3. So many mistakes in your homework! You () more careful.

A. may be B. had to C. would be D. should have been

解析:选D. “You should have been more careful”. 意为:你本来应该更细心的。

4.Her brother () be at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now.

A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn't

解析:选C. can’t be at home 意为:不可能在家。

5.---I can’t understand why our boss is late.

---He( )the early bus.

A. could miss B. may have missed

C. can have missed D. might miss

解析:选B. “may have 过去分词”表示对过去动作的判断,意为:可能做了某事。 注意:can表示可能时,只能用于疑问句和反问句。

6. She didn't answer the phone, she ______ asleep.

A. may be B. must be C. should have been D. must have been

解析:选D. 表示:对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。

7.The little girl’s eyes were red. She ______.

A. may cry B. must cry C. must be cried D. must have been crying

解析:选D. 意为:她刚才肯定一直在哭。对过去某事正发生的推测。

8.He______ his supper now, for the dining hall is still closed.

A. can’t be having B. needn’t be having

C. mustn’t be having D. shouldn't be having

解析:选A. 对现在正在发生的事情的否定推测。

9.I parked my bike behind the building, but now it is gone. It ________ .

A. may be stolen B. must be stolen

C. must have been stolen D. must have stolen

解析:选C. 对过去发生的事情 的肯定推测的被动式。

10. ______ Mr. Black_______go to work by ferry before the bridge was built?

A. Did; used to B. Use; to C. Did; use to D. Does; use to

解析:选C. used to do的疑问式,可以是Used 主语 to do ?或Did 主语 use to do?

11. The hotel is only a stone’s throw away, you ______ take a bus.

A. need not to B. not need to C. don't need D. need not

解析:选D. 说话人认为不必要乘车, need 为情态动词。

12. I am busy now, _______ my brother do it for you ?

A. Will B. Shall C. Must D. May

解析:选B. 在疑问句中shall 用于第三人称,也表示征求意见。

13. ---You needn’t do it right now, need you?

---Yes I am afraid I ______ .

A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t

解析:选C. Yes的意思是:不。意为:恐怕我必须现在就做。

14.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared . Who _____ have taken it?

A. should B. must C. could D. would

解析:选C. could/can have done 用于否定推测和疑问推测。

15. ---The room is so dirty._______ we clean it?

----Of course.

A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do

解析:选B. shall 用在疑问句中,常用于第一,三人称, 表示征求意见或请求指示。

16. If you have something important to do, you ______ waste any time.

A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. won’t

解析:选B. 根据句意用mustn’t

17. If you want to borrow a football after school, your student card______ here.

A. has to leave B. must leave C. has to be left D. must be left

解析:选C. have to 表示客观需要,must表示主观需要。学生证必须放在此是客观需要。

18. “ Did you scold him for his carelessness?”

“Yes, but _____ it”

A. I’d rather not do B. I’d rather not have done

C. I shouldn’t do D. I’d better not do

解析:选B. would rather 加完成时表示对完成了的或过去了的事情的态度。意为:当时是不情愿做的。

19. “ Don’t get near to it . It is too dangerous!”

“_______” .

A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I don’t C. No, I can’t D. No, I won’t

解析:选D. A为错误的表达方式;B和C没有直接回答对方的问候。

20. He must be in the classroom, _______ he?

A. mustn’t B. can’t C. isn’t D.can

解析:选C. 对表否定的must进行反意疑问时,要用句子的实义动词

21. He________ be in the garden. He must be in the room.

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. will not D. may not

解析:选A. 否定推测用can’t不用mustn’t

22. “Do you have to leave now?”

“I am very sorry, but I really______.”

A. can’t B. have C. should D. must

解析:选D. 回答have to 的疑问句用must作肯定回答。

23. “Let’s go to the library, shall we?”

“_________?”

A. No, I can’t B. Yes, I will

C. Yes , thank you D. No, we’d better not

解析:选D. A,B,C都 不能回答shall we, 此处D的语气比较婉转客气。

24. “Can I take it away?”

“ You ______ better not.”

A. should B. could C. would D. had

解析:选D. had better 与不带to 的不定式构成谓语,可以变成疑问句:Hadn’t you better----

25. You _______ have brought your camera. They all had theirs with them.

A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. wouldn’t D. mustn’t

解析:选B. 本来不必要做某事.

26. See who is there!______it be May?

A. May B. Must C. Can D. Will

解析:选C. 表推测时A,B都用作疑问句。

27. John______ be a basketball player. He is much too short.

A. may B. mustn’t C. can’t D. should

解析:选C. 断然的不定推测用can’t

28. The Chinese teacher looks so pale. She ______ be ill.

A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. need

解析:选A. 表示有把握的肯定推测用must

29. Something______to save our earth. Do you think so?

A. can do B. must do C. has to do D. must be done

解析:选D. “something must be done” 意为:必须采取措施。

30. Look at what you have done! You ______ be more careful.

A. ought B. can C. would D. should

解析:选D. ought 后应用to

31. — Has Li Lin started? He said he would join in the party.

— He ______. He is a man of keeping his word.

A. could have left B. must have left

C. can’t come D. won’t be coming

解析:B。从He is a man of keeping his word中可以看出,李林肯定已经出发来参加聚会了,这是对已经发生的事情非常肯定的推测,故用must have done。注意must表推测时,不能用于否定句和疑问句中。

32. — May I park my car here?

— No, you ______. No car is allowed to park here.

A. may not B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. daren’t

解析:C。此题考查以情态动词提问的一般疑问句的回答。在英语中,以某些情态动词提问的句子,出于礼貌委婉或句意的需 要,回答时,要换用另一个情态动词。在回答must开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to;在回答may开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用may,否定回答用mustn’t;在回答need开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t。

33. — Excuse me, could you tell me where the Yajia Supermarket is?

— It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ______ miss it.

A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t

解析:B。根据题意,此处需要表示“推测”的否定结构,故can’t为正确答案。4. A。这是一个省略句,couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的动作的否定推测,意为“不可能……”。

34. — I saw Mr. Sun at Tongyu Station this morning.

— You ______. He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.

A. couldn’t have B. mustn’t have

C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

解析:A。这是一个省略句,couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的动作的否定推测,意为“不可能……”。

35. — How about paying a visit to Dr. Wang, our former Chinese teacher?

— Good idea. I will e-mail him today so that he ______ know ______ to expect us.

A. shall; why B. could; when C. would; what D. will; how

解析:B。这是一个综合题。本题so that后的目的状语从句中的谓语动词要用“情态动词( may / might / can / could ) 动词原形”。When to expect us表示“我们什么时候可到达”。“疑问词 不定式”结构在句中作know的宾语。

36. Everything has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ______ be just noise to others.

A. must B. may C. should D. could

解析:B。由sometimes可知,此处应用表示可能性不大的情态动词,即may。

37. Someone ______ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.

A. must be using B. must have used

C. must use D. must have been using

解析:B。由后句可知,这是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测,故B项正确。

38. — How dangerous it was!

— Yes, but for the passer-by’s quick action, the girl ______.

A. was drowned B. could have been drowned

C. had drowned D. should be drowned

解析:B。but for的意思是“要不是”,语法功能上等同于if 引导的否定虚拟条件句,因前句中How dangerous it was可知应与过去事实相反。

39. You ______ scold such a pupil who always keeps silent so seriously that you ______ hurt him.

A. should; can B. may; will

C. mustn’t; may D. can’t; must

解析:C。mustn’t表示“不准许”,may表示可能性,所以C正确。

40. — Why does Alice know so much about Angkor Wat?

— She ______ have been there, or ...

A. must B. oughtn’t to C. may D. can’t

解析:C。句意:她或许到过那里,或者……。or ... 是重要的信息,说明还有其他的可能性。A的说法太绝对,与or ... 提供的信息冲突。

41. — You may laugh, but I’ve been thinking of becoming a vegetarian.— Oh, you ______ be crazy. You will be hungry all the time.

A. must B. may C. will D. need

解析:A。must表示的把握最大,may表示有可能,need不表示推测,will表示将来。根据句意可知A正确,表明对对方的不理解和责备,语气比较坚决。

42. — What’s the matter with you?

— Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried fish just now.

A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten

C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat

解析:C。shouldn’t have done 表示“本不该做……,但实际上却做了”。

43. — ______ he have been chosen as captain of the football team?

— Yes, he ______.

A. Can; must have B. Must; must have

C. Can; must D. Must; must

解析:A。疑问句中可以用can, 肯定句用must。

44. Mr. Zhang ______ in Shanghai tomorrow morning.

A. can have arrived B. will have arrived

C. may have arrived D. must have arrived

解析:B。will have done,表示对将来必然进程的猜测。

45. Miss Wang started at 8 o’clock, and she ______ be there now.

A. should B. can C. can’t D. need

解析:A。should 表示主观性猜测,译为“应该”。

46. — It must be Mr. Li who did it.

— No, it ______ be Mr. Li.

A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. can’t D. may

解析:C, can’t 表示否定的猜测,侧重于主观判断,译为“决不会;不可能”。

47. You ______ finish reading the book as soon as possible.

A. may B. can C. need D. should

解析:D。should表示劝告某人应该做某事。

48. — Need you go to work now?

— Yes, I ______.

A. must B. need C. can D. dare

解析:A。need引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答应用must。

49. Your trousers are dirty. ______ them for you?

A. Shall I wash B. Will I wash

C. Am I going to wash D. Am I washing

解析:A。Shall I ... ?是征求对方意见时常用的句型。

50. You are late for school today. You ______ to school earlier.

A. ought to come B. should have come

C. ought have come D. should come

解析:B。should have done表示“过去某件事应该做而实际上没有做”,此处含有责备之意,也可用ought to have come。

51. We must learn from Lei Feng, ______ we?

A. may B. can’t C. don’t D. needn’t

解析:D。反意疑问句中,当must作“必须”解时,可以用needn’t / mustn’t构成附加疑问句。

52. She must be hungry, ______ she?

A. isn’t B. needn’t C. doesn’t D won’t

解析:A。反意疑问句中,陈述部分的must表示对现在情况推测时,附加疑问句中通常依据must后面的动词形式确定助动词。

53. He ought to come here early, ______ he?

A. would B. should C. didn’t D. shouldn’t

解析:D。反意疑问句中,陈述部分的谓语有ought to 时,附加疑问句中应用shouldn’t 或oughtn’t。

54. You used to smoke, ______ you?

A. used to B. don’t C. didn’t D. shouldn’t

解析:C。反意疑问句中,陈述部分的谓语有used to 时,附加疑问句中应用didn’t 或

usedn’t。

55. You ought ______ for what you haven’t done.

A. not to be punished B. not be punished

C. to not punished D. to not be punished

解析:A。ought to 的否定式是ought not to。

56. ______ you please tell me the way to the post office?

A. Must B. Need C. Would D. Should

解析:C。Would you please ... ?是向对方提出请求或询问时常用的婉转而有礼貌的句型。27. A。主语是第三人称时,shall表示说话人给对方的“允诺;命令;指示;意愿”。

57. I’m sure he ______ have the computer sooner or later.

A. shall B. can C. must D. would

解析:C。Would you please ... ?是向对方提出请求或询问时常用的婉转而有礼貌的句型。

58. It is important that we ______ learn how to drive.

A. have to B. should C. need D. shall

解析:B。在It is important / impossible / necessary that ... 句型中,that从句的谓语用

“( should ) 动词原形”。

59. It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

A. can B. will C. may D. shall

解析:D。在规章中告诫应考者,在收完所有试卷前“必须”留在教室里。

60. How _______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article?

A. can B. must C. need D. may

解析:A。can 在疑问句中,表示疑惑、怀疑,根据情况可译作“能、可以”等。

61. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.

A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken

C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken

解析:D. must表示推测时不用于否定句;shouldn’t have done sth. 表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”;needn’t have done sth. 表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了”;couldn’t have done sth. 表示“不可能做过某事”。根据题意,选D。

62. One ought _____ for what one hasn’t done.

A. not to be punished B. to not be punished

C. to not punished D. not be punished

解析:A. 情态动词ought 后要接带to的不定式,ought to do 的否定式是ought not to do,所以答案是A。

63. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must ___ always ___ so much.

A. not; be smoking B. not; have smoked

C. not; to smoke D. be not; smoking

解析:A. must not always be doing sth. 表示“不要老是做谋事”,含有埋怨、指责、反感等感情色彩。

64. With so much work on hand, you _____ to see the game last night.

A. mustn’t go B. shouldn’t go

C. couldn’t have gone D. shouldn’t have gone

解析:D. 题中的A项和B项都指现在情况;couldn’t have gone表示“不可能去过”;shouldn’t have gone表示“本不应该去而实际上去了”。根据题意,选D。

65. Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They say that it ______ better organized.

A. had been B. had to be C. must have been D. could have been

解析:D. could have done sth. 表示“本来能够做某事而实际上未能做成”。

66. I’m surprised that he _____ in the exam.

A. should fail B. would have failed

C. may have failed D. should have failed

解析:D. should可用于表示惊奇、感叹、不满等感情色彩的句子,如指过去的动作,则要用should have done sth. Would 和 may通常不带感情色彩。

67. The little girl _____ there alone.

A. not dare go B. dares not go C. dare not go D. dare not to go

解析:C. 题中的dare是情态动词,后接不带to的不定式,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。

68. “Must we do it now?” “No, you _____.”

A. won’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. don’t

解析:B. must开头的疑问句,否定答语用needn’t或don’t have to。

69. He said he would rather not _____ it right now.

A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing

解析:C. would rather通常也视为情态动词(组),后接动词原形,其否定形式为would rather not。

70. You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.

A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come

C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come

解析:D. need作为情态动词,其否定形式为needn’t;作实义动词时,其否定形式为don’t (doesn’t) need to do。

71. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.

A. can B. could C. would D. must

解析:D. must用在肯定句中表推测时,语气比could, would等肯定得多。此处“must 不定式进行式”表“想必正在……”之意。

72. I _____ play football than baseball.

A. would rather B. had better C. like better D. prefer

解析:A. would rather … than …,意为“宁愿(做)……而不(做)……”。

73. I thought you _____ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.

A. may B. might C. could D. must

解析:B. 由句意可知,这是对过去发生的事情不太有把握的推测。

74. There was plenty of times. She _____.

A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried

C. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried

解析:D. needn’t have done意为“过去不必做而做了某事”。

75. The plant is dead. I _____ it more water.

A. will give B. would have given

C. must give D. should have given

解析:D. should have done表示“过去应该做而没有做某事”。

76. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not

解析:C. can’t(不能),mustn’t(不准),may not(不可以),均不合题意。

77. It’s still early, you _____.

A. mustn’t hurry B. wouldn’t hurry

C. may not hurry D. don’t have to hurry

解析:D. don’t have to = needn’t

78. Please open the window, _____?

A. can’t you B. aren’t you C. do you D. will you

解析:D. will用在第二人称的疑问句中,为询问(或征求)对方的意愿或向对方提出请求之意。

79. We _____ for her because she never came.

A. mustn’t have waited B. shouldn’t have waited

C. mustn’t wait D. needn’t wait

解析:B. should not have done表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”,含有“后悔”、 “责备”、 “劝告”, “批评”之意。

80. — May I stop here? — No, you _____.

A. mustn’t B. might not C. needn’t D. won’t

解析:A. may开头的疑问句,否定答语常用mustn’t。

81. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, _____.

A. won’t we B. will we C. don’t we D. shall we

解析:D. 疑问句中shall用于第一、三人称,用来征询对方的意见。

82. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.

A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken

C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken

解析:D. 推测“她不可能在会上发言”,must表示推测时,不能用于否定句中。

83. — Please don’t make a noise.

— _____. I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.

A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I won’t C. No, I will D. Yes, I will

解析:B. will在此处表示“意志(向)”。

84. The young man has made so much noise that he _____ not have been allowed to attend the concert.

A. could B. must C. would D. should

解析:D. should not have done表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”,含有“后悔”、 “责备”、 “劝告”, “批评”之意。

85. — Where is John?

— He _____ in the library.

A. should be B. must be C. can be D. must have been

解析:B. must do表示对现在的事实进行推测。

86. Since the road is wet this morning, _____ last night.

A. it must rain B. it must be raining

C. it must have rained D. it must have been rain

解析:C. must have done用于对过去发生的事情进行推测,且较有把握。

87. — Will your brother stay home tonight?

— I’m not quite sure. He _____ to the cinema tonight.

A. must go B. can go C. may go D. may be going

解析:C. 表示推测时,must比may语气肯定。

88. She’s already two hours late. What ______ to her?

A. can have happened B. may have happened

C. should have happened D. must happen

解析:A. can表推测,只用于否定句和疑问句中。

89. You must be a writer, _____?

A. mustn’t you B. are you C. must you D. aren’t you

解析:Dmust表示推测时,其后的反意问句有两种情况:①对现存状态(现在的事实)进行推测时,反意疑问句中动词用其一般现在形式。②对过去发生的事情进行推测时,若有表过去的时间状语,反意问句用动词的过去式。

90. I got up early that morning, but I _____ so because I had no work to do.

A. mustn’t have done B. didn’t need to do

C. needn’t have done D. can’t have done

解析:C. needn’t have done表示“过去不必做而做了某事”,若表示“不必做某事(且实际上未做)“则用”didn’t / don’t / doesn’t need to.”

91. He _____ have come here yesterday, but he didn’t.

A. could B. should C. ought to D. all the above

解析:D. A表示“本能够”,B, C表“本应该”。

92. I missed the last bus, so I _____ go home on foot.

A. must B. have to C. may D. had to

解析:D. have to表示客观上要求做某事,must表示主观上认为必须做某事。

93. He ought to win the first prize, _____ he?

A. oughtn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. both A and B

解析:D. ought to的反意问句应用oughtn’t或shouldn’t开头。

94. Everyone _____ do his best for the modernizations of our country.

A. can B. may C. should D. might

解析:C. should 含“按理应该做……”、“有义务做……”之意。

95. Let’s clean our classroom, _____?

A. will you B. don’t we C. shall we D. do you

解析:C. Let’s 中的us一般包括对方在内。

96. Let us play basketball, ______?

A. will you B. don’t we C. shall we D. do you

解析:A. Let us中的us一般不包括对方在内。

97. He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him that he _____ have it tomorrow.

A. must B. may C. shall D. both B and C

解析:D. may和shall均可表“允诺”。

98. “Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 9568442.”

A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t

解析:A. 由句后得知句意为“我开始没听清楚对方的电话号码”,为对过去的事实或发生动作的表述。

99. Mother _____ us stories when we were children.

A. was used to tell B. is used to telling C. used to tell D. used to telling

解析:C. used to do“过去(常)做某事”,be used to doing“习惯于做某事”。

100. She would rather _____ more money on books _____ on clothes.

A. cost … not B. to spare … don’t C. pay … than D. spend … than

解析:D. would rather后接动词原形。Spend … on sth.为常用结构

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