教学内容：英文写作
适合人群：英语教师、英语专业学生、初高中生等
1、什么是段落
段落是句子的集合，是写作的一个组成部分。有时，为了追求某些效果，段落可以是一个句子，比如小说等文学文本。但绝大多数，段落有很多个句子组成。总之，句子的数量不是最重要的，最重要的是段落是否能够清晰地传达观点。
2、段落的组成
一般来说，段落主要有四个部分组成，每个部分都是一个或几个句子。
① 主题句
按照英语国家的思维习惯，一个段落的开头往往是本段内容的核心，会清晰地通过这个句子将本段的要点和主要内容传达出去，然后再通过后续的句子去解释。这种思维习惯直接影响英语类作文的写作方式，非常的直接，非常的干脆，非常的利索。这种思维被称作演绎思维，也就是中文作文的“总分法”。
② 支持句
支持句，又称论证据。这部分主要是对主题句进行解释，说明作用。将主题句按照一定的方式去展开，细化。良好的支持句对主题句的论述非常的有力，当然与主题句的连接也非常的紧密。支持句通常通过解释原因，举出例子，列出事实，引出数据，或引用名言等方式对主题句进行论述。
③ 总结句
这部分句子多数是一句话，当然有时是几句话。总结句主要对上文的内容进行总结，再次重申某个观点，使论证浑然一体。当然，总结句并不是一定要出现的句子，但当它出现的时候，通常会表明一个段落的结束。
④ 过渡句
过渡句，顾名思义是过渡的句子，主要连接不同的段落。这类句子不是一定要有，当然如果有会使段落过渡更自然。
举例
- 例一：
主题句topic sentence
- Modern youths tend to be more revolutionary.
支持句 supporting sentences:
- They have their own interpretation for different matters; they also have their own ideas.
- Their reluctance to learn old teachings and sayings causes constant friction between the two generations.
- They always introduce new changes. An invisible cold people, wedded to things of the past, are hostile to change. An invisible cold wall thus appears between the two generations and becomes wider and wider.
- 例二：
主题句topic sentence
- It is impossible to overstate the importance of good communication skills.
支持句 supporting sentences:
- In today’s society we have to work cooperatively with others.
- A good communicator finds it easier to put forth his ideas clearly.
- In this way there will be fewer misunderstandings, which can lead to bad feelings as well as lost time and effort.
- 例三：
主题句topic sentence：
- Like Huck, Mark Twain, led an adventurous life.
支持句 supporting sentences:
- He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America, set off from his home Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans, where he thought he could get rich quickly.
- He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.
- Forced to change his plan he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking passengers up and down the Mississippi, the great river which flows from the north of US near the Canadian border, down to the Gulf of Mexico.
练习
- 练习1：
Topic Sentence _____________________
Supporting Sentences ___________________
Concluding Sentence ____________________
- 练习2：
Topic Sentence _____________________
Supporting Sentences ___________________
Concluding Sentence ____________________
Transitional Sentences ____________________
- 练习3：
Topic Sentence _____________________
Supporting Sentences ___________________
Concluding Sentence ____________________
Transitional Sentences ____________________ ③
- 练习4：
Topic Sentence _____________________
Supporting Sentences ___________________
Concluding Sentence ____________________
Transitional Sentences ____________________ ④
- 练习5：
Topic Sentence _____________________
Supporting Sentences ___________________
Concluding Sentence ____________________
Transitional Sentences ____________________
- 练习6：
Topic Sentence _____________________
Supporting Sentences ___________________
Concluding Sentence ____________________ ⑤
Transitional Sentences ____________________ ⑤ ⑥
练习7：
Topic Sentence _____________________
Supporting Sentences ___________________
Concluding Sentence ____________________
Transitional Sentences ____________________ ②
（完）
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